UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025010400.upa.cvt Date: 0000Z 4 JAN 25 Searching for KMFR... Searching the city database file for: KMFR ... Date:0000Z 4 JAN 25 Station: KMFR WMO ident: 72597 Latitude: 42.37 Longitude: -122.87 Elevation: 405.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 98 SFC 965 405 10.6 3.6 62 7.0 7.1 260 3 286.7 287.6 281.8 301.2 5.13 2 953 506 9.4 1.4 57 8.0 5.6 260 4 286.5 287.2 280.9 299.1 4.44 3 925 746 7.2 1.2 66 6.0 4.4 245 6 286.7 287.5 281.1 299.5 4.51 4 850 1434 1.2 -2.2 78 3.4 -0.3 200 10 287.4 288.1 280.6 298.4 3.82 5 813 1790 -2.1 -3.2 92 1.1 -2.6 209 15 287.6 288.2 280.6 298.3 3.71 6 774 2179 -5.3 -6.0 95 0.7 -5.5 226 17 288.2 288.8 280.1 297.4 3.15 7 771 2209 -5.5 -6.3 94 0.8 -5.8 227 18 288.3 288.9 280.1 297.3 3.09 8 762 2302 -5.9 -8.4 82 2.5 -6.8 230 21 288.9 289.3 279.8 296.7 2.66 9 750 2426 -6.7 -9.7 79 3.0 -7.7 234 25 289.3 289.7 279.8 296.5 2.44 10 735 2584 -7.9 -10.8 80 2.9 -8.9 230 29 289.7 290.1 279.7 296.4 2.28 11 724 2701 -8.3 -11.7 76 3.4 -9.4 227 31 290.5 290.9 280.0 296.9 2.15 12 711 2841 -8.9 -14.9 62 6.0 -10.6 225 32 291.3 291.6 279.7 296.4 1.69 13 705 2907 -9.9 -13.4 76 3.5 -10.9 225 32 290.9 291.3 279.9 296.7 1.93 14 700 2962 -10.3 -13.8 75 3.5 -11.3 225 32 291.1 291.4 279.9 296.7 1.88 15 698 2984 -10.5 -13.5 79 3.0 -11.4 225 32 291.1 291.4 280.0 296.9 1.93 16 687 3106 -11.3 -13.9 81 2.6 -12.1 227 33 291.5 291.9 280.1 297.3 1.90 17 674 3253 -12.3 -15.3 78 3.0 -13.2 229 33 292.0 292.3 280.1 297.2 1.72 18 672 3276 -12.5 -16.0 75 3.5 -13.5 229 33 292.0 292.3 280.0 297.0 1.63 19 668 3321 -12.1 -17.1 66 5.0 -13.5 230 34 293.0 293.2 280.3 297.6 1.50 20 635 3707 -14.9 -20.9 60 6.0 -16.3 234 35 294.1 294.3 280.3 297.6 1.14 21 601 4122 -18.3 -20.9 80 2.6 -18.9 228 34 294.8 295.0 280.7 298.6 1.20 22 593 4222 -18.7 -23.7 65 5.0 -19.7 226 33 295.5 295.6 280.7 298.5 0.95 23 566 4568 -21.5 -24.1 79 2.6 -22.0 227 33 296.1 296.3 281.0 299.2 0.96 24 562 4620 -21.7 -25.6 71 3.9 -22.4 228 32 296.5 296.7 281.0 299.2 0.85 25 549 4792 -23.3 -26.3 76 3.0 -23.8 229 32 296.6 296.7 281.0 299.2 0.81 26 534 4994 -24.7 -29.2 66 4.5 -25.4 232 33 297.3 297.4 281.0 299.4 0.64 27 532 5022 -25.3 -28.1 77 2.8 -25.7 232 33 296.9 297.0 281.0 299.2 0.71 28 530 5049 -25.3 -29.7 67 4.4 -25.9 233 33 297.2 297.3 281.0 299.2 0.61 29 526 5104 -25.5 -30.5 63 5.0 -26.2 234 33 297.6 297.7 281.1 299.5 0.57 30 500 5470 -28.9 -31.6 77 2.7 -29.2 240 35 297.8 297.9 281.1 299.6 0.54 31 499 5484 -28.9 -31.6 77 2.7 -29.2 240 35 298.0 298.1 281.2 299.8 0.54 32 495 5542 -29.3 -33.3 68 4.0 -29.8 241 36 298.2 298.3 281.2 299.7 0.47 33 486 5672 -30.5 -34.5 68 4.0 -30.9 243 39 298.3 298.3 281.2 299.7 0.42 34 473 5863 -32.1 -37.1 61 5.0 -32.6 244 41 298.6 298.7 281.2 299.7 0.33 35 443 6320 -36.3 -39.3 74 3.0 -36.5 235 38 299.0 299.0 281.3 299.9 0.29 36 431 6509 -37.5 -41.9 63 4.4 -37.8 231 36 299.8 299.8 281.5 300.6 0.22 37 415 6768 -39.5 -42.6 72 3.1 -39.7 226 34 300.5 300.5 281.8 301.2 0.22 38 414 6785 -39.3 -45.3 53 6.0 -39.6 225 34 300.9 301.0 282.0 301.5 0.16 39 413 6801 -39.3 -44.3 59 5.0 -39.6 225 34 301.1 301.2 282.1 301.8 0.18 40 411 6834 -39.3 -45.3 53 6.0 -39.6 224 34 301.6 301.6 282.3 302.1 0.16 41 410 6851 -39.3 -50.3 30 11.0 -39.8 224 33 301.8 301.8 282.2 302.1 0.09 42 407 6901 -39.1 -58.1 12 19.0 -39.8 223 33 302.7 302.7 282.5 302.8 0.04 43 406 6918 -38.7 -63.7 5 25.0 -39.5 222 33 303.4 303.4 282.8 303.5 0.02 44 405 6935 -38.3 -64.3 5 26.0 -39.1 222 33 304.1 304.1 283.1 304.2 0.02 45 400 7020 -38.9 -61.9 7 23.0 -39.6 220 32 304.4 304.4 283.2 304.5 0.02 46 383 7316 -41.1 -63.1 8 22.0 -41.7 220 32 305.3 305.3 283.5 305.4 0.02 47 374 7478 -41.5 -65.5 6 24.0 -42.1 215 43 306.9 306.9 284.2 307.0 0.02 48 333 8263 -42.7 -67.7 5 25.0 -43.3 220 43 315.6 315.6 287.3 315.7 0.01 49 300 8970 -40.9 -71.9 2 31.0 -41.8 240 34 327.7 327.7 291.1 327.7 0.01 50 250 10200 -42.7 -75.7 1 33.0 -43.5 230 25 342.6 342.6 295.0 342.6 0.01 51 243 10392 -42.7 -75.7 1 33.0 -43.6 235 26 345.4 345.4 295.6 345.4 0.01 52 218 11123 -45.5 -78.5 1 33.0 -46.2 242 35 351.9 351.9 297.1 352.0 0.00 53 212 11310 -44.5 -78.5 1 34.0 -45.3 252 34 356.3 356.3 298.0 356.3 0.00 54 200 11700 -46.7 -78.7 1 32.0 -47.4 260 37 358.8 358.8 298.5 358.8 0.00 55 175 12577 -49.5 -81.5 1 32.0 -50.1 242 31 368.2 368.2 300.2 368.2 0.00 56 168 12843 -49.7 -81.7 1 32.0 -50.3 251 32 372.2 372.2 300.9 372.2 0.00 57 150 13580 -50.9 -81.9 1 31.0 -51.5 255 38 382.4 382.4 302.6 382.4 0.00 58 142 13935 -52.1 -82.1 2 30.0 -52.7 247 40 386.3 386.3 303.2 386.3 0.00 59 100 16180 -56.5 -84.5 2 28.0 -56.9 265 32 418.6 418.6 307.6 418.6 0.00 60 98 16308 -55.3 -84.3 2 29.0 -55.8 265 32 423.3 423.3 308.1 423.3 0.00 61 85 17209 -58.5 -85.5 2 27.0 -58.9 270 30 434.4 434.4 309.3 434.4 0.00 62 81 17513 -57.3 -85.3 2 28.0 -57.8 294 19 442.9 442.9 310.1 442.9 0.00 63 74 18081 -59.7 -86.7 2 27.0 -60.1 279 12 449.5 449.5 310.8 449.5 0.00 64 70 18430 -57.3 -86.3 1 29.0 -57.9 270 25 461.8 461.8 312.0 461.8 0.00 65 69 18521 -56.9 -85.9 1 29.0 -57.5 270 25 464.6 464.6 312.2 464.6 0.00 66 66 18803 -57.7 -86.7 1 29.0 -58.3 270 24 468.8 468.8 312.5 468.8 0.00 67 65 18900 -56.5 -86.5 1 30.0 -57.2 270 24 473.4 473.4 312.9 473.5 0.00 68 61 19302 -58.5 -86.5 2 28.0 -59.0 310 8 477.7 477.7 313.2 477.7 0.00 69 56 19844 -56.5 -85.5 1 29.0 -57.3 292 13 494.1 494.1 314.5 494.1 0.00 70 51 20435 -59.1 -87.1 1 28.0 -59.7 352 12 501.4 501.4 315.1 501.4 0.00 71 50 20560 -58.3 -87.3 1 29.0 -59.0 280 11 506.1 506.1 315.4 506.1 0.00 72 47 20949 -57.1 -87.1 1 30.0 -57.9 284 12 518.0 518.0 316.2 518.0 0.00 73 47 20949 -55.1 -86.1 1 31.0 -56.2 284 12 522.8 522.8 316.5 522.8 0.01 74 44 21370 -54.9 -85.9 1 31.0 -56.1 308 13 533.2 533.2 317.1 533.3 0.01 75 40 21975 -56.5 -86.5 1 30.0 -57.6 360 17 544.0 544.0 317.8 544.0 0.01 76 38 22302 -54.1 -86.1 1 32.0 -55.5 357 16 558.1 558.1 318.5 558.2 0.01 77 35 22826 -55.7 -86.7 1 31.0 -57.0 8 21 567.2 567.2 319.0 567.3 0.01 78 30 23810 -54.1 -86.1 1 32.0 -55.8 25 15 597.2 597.2 320.5 597.2 0.01 79 26 24735 -51.9 -84.9 1 33.0 -54.3 18 20 628.3 628.4 321.8 628.4 0.01 80 22 25814 -53.9 -85.9 1 32.0 -56.2 43 19 653.1 653.1 322.8 653.2 0.01 81 20 26430 -52.1 -85.1 1 33.0 -55.0 35 19 676.7 676.7 323.7 676.8 0.01 82 16 27880 -50.1 -84.1 1 34.0 -54.1 48 19 727.8 727.8 325.3 728.0 0.02 83 14 28748 -52.1 -85.1 1 33.0 -55.8 54 16 749.4 749.4 325.9 749.5 0.02 84 12 29750 -50.3 -84.3 1 34.0 -55.1 42 28 789.5 789.5 327.0 789.8 0.03 85 11 30316 -52.1 -85.1 1 33.0 -56.5 31 33 802.9 802.9 327.3 803.1 0.03 86 10 30940 -46.7 -83.7 1 37.0 -53.6 20 39 845.2 845.2 328.3 845.6 0.04 87 9.4 31352 -44.9 -82.9 1 38.0 -52.9 25 34 867.2 867.2 328.8 867.6 0.04 88 7.0 33320 -45.1 -83.1 1 38.0 -54.3 50 9 942.6 942.6 330.2 943.2 0.06 89 6.8 33514 -44.9 -82.9 1 38.0 -54.3 951.3 951.3 330.4 951.9 0.06 TRP 374 7478 -41.5 -65.5 6 24.0 -42.1 215 43 306.9 306.9 284.2 307.0 0.02 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5372.00 m Freezing level: 836.55 mb = 1563.53 m = 5129.63 ft Wetbulb zero: 854.43 mb = 1391.74 m = 4566.01 ft Precipitable water: 0.48 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 74.12 % Est. max temperature: 11.51 C = 52.72 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 867.61 mb = 1267.15 m = 4157.28 ft T: 2.66 C 700-500 lapse rate: 7.42 C/km ThetaE index: 3.06 C Layer 850.0- 724.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 827.31 mb = 1650.57 m = 5415.20 ft Mean mixing ratio: 4.36 g/kg Conv temperature: 11.46 C = 52.62 F Cap Strength: 0.91 C Lifted Index: 0.61 C Risk: Showers probable Lifted Index @300 mb: 20.25 C Lifted Index @700 mb: -0.42 C Showalter Index: 1.20 C Risk: Showers probable Total Totals Index: 56.80 C Risk: Severe Thunderstorms probable Vertical Totals Index: 30.10 C Cross Totals Index: 26.70 C K Index: 24.40 Risk: 20-40 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 211.00 Risk: None Energy Index: 0.23 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 25.40 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 7.13 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 10.36 J/kg Cap Strength: 0.90 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 835.98 mb = 1567.15 m = 5141.51 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 810.98 mb = 1809.92 m = 5937.98 ft Equ Level (EL): 660.98 mb = 3401.80 m = 11160.62 ft B at Equ Level: 23.97 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 540.98 mb = 4899.63 m = 16074.71 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 262 at 20 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 965 405 260 3 3.0 0.5 | 82 17 -17.2 -2.5 1 941 610 260 6 5.9 1.0 | 82 14 -14.2 -2.0 2 925 746 245 6 5.4 2.5 | 88 15 -14.7 -0.5 3 906 914 235 8 6.6 4.6 | 97 14 -13.6 1.6 4 873 1219 205 10 4.2 9.1 | 111 17 -15.9 6.1 5 850 1434 200 10 3.4 9.4 | 111 18 -16.7 6.4 6 808 1829 210 16 8.0 13.9 | 132 16 -12.2 10.9 7 778 2134 225 16 11.3 11.3 | 133 12 -8.8 8.3 8 748 2438 235 26 21.3 14.9 | 185 12 1.1 11.9 9 720 2743 225 32 22.6 22.6 | 187 20 2.5 19.6 10 700 2962 225 32 22.6 22.6 | 187 20 2.5 19.6 11 638 3658 235 35 28.7 20.1 | 206 19 8.5 17.1 12 588 4267 225 33 23.3 23.3 | 189 21 3.2 20.3 13 541 4877 230 32 24.5 20.6 | 194 18 4.4 17.6 14 500 5470 240 35 30.3 17.5 | 215 18 10.2 14.5 15 477 5791 245 41 37.2 17.3 | 230 22 17.0 14.3 16 457 6096 240 40 34.6 20.0 | 220 22 14.5 17.0 17 400 7020 220 32 20.6 24.5 | 181 22 0.4 21.5 18 383 7315 220 32 20.6 24.5 | 181 22 0.4 21.5 19 374 7478 215 43 24.7 35.2 | 188 33 4.5 32.2 20 366 7620 215 45 25.8 36.9 | 189 34 5.7 33.9 21 350 7925 210 47 23.5 40.7 | 185 38 3.3 37.7 22 300 8970 240 34 29.4 17.0 | 214 17 9.3 14.0 23 292 9144 240 34 29.4 17.0 | 214 17 9.3 14.0 24 250 10200 230 25 19.2 16.1 | 176 13 -1.0 13.1 25 244 10363 235 25 20.5 14.3 | 182 11 0.3 11.3 26 233 10668 235 37 30.3 21.2 | 209 21 10.2 18.2 27 223 10973 235 35 28.7 20.1 | 206 19 8.5 17.1 28 204 11582 265 34 33.9 3.0 | 270 14 13.7 -0.0 29 200 11700 260 37 36.4 6.4 | 258 17 16.3 3.4 30 177 12497 240 31 26.8 15.5 | 208 14 6.7 12.5 31 161 13106 260 32 31.5 5.6 | 257 12 11.4 2.6 32 150 13580 255 38 36.7 9.8 | 248 18 16.5 6.8 33 140 14021 245 41 37.2 17.3 | 230 22 17.0 14.3 34 134 14326 250 43 40.4 14.7 | 240 23 20.2 11.7 35 121 14935 260 24 23.6 4.2 | 251 4 3.5 1.2 36 116 15240 255 27 26.1 7.0 | 236 7 5.9 4.0 37 105 15850 250 39 36.6 13.3 | 238 19 16.5 10.3 38 100 16154 270 27 27.0 -0.0 | 294 7 6.8 -3.0 39 100 16180 265 32 31.9 2.8 | 271 12 11.7 -0.2 40 96 16459 265 32 31.9 2.8 | 271 12 11.7 -0.2 41 87 17069 270 33 33.0 -0.0 | 283 13 12.8 -3.0 42 83 17374 270 26 26.0 -0.0 | 297 7 5.8 -3.0 43 79 17678 325 10 5.7 -8.2 | 52 18 -14.4 -11.2 44 75 17983 295 10 9.1 -4.2 | 57 13 -11.1 -7.2 45 72 18288 245 17 15.4 7.2 | 131 6 -4.7 4.2 46 70 18430 270 25 25.0 -0.0 | 302 6 4.8 -3.0 47 65 18898 270 24 24.0 -0.0 | 308 5 3.8 -3.0 48 62 19202 310 11 8.4 -7.1 | 49 15 -11.7 -10.1 49 59 19507 310 3 2.3 -1.9 | 75 19 -17.9 -4.9 50 56 19812 290 13 12.2 -4.4 | 47 11 -7.9 -7.4 51 54 20117 310 17 13.0 -10.9 | 27 16 -7.1 -13.9 52 51 20422 360 12 -0.0 -12.0 | 53 25 -20.2 -15.0 53 50 20560 280 11 10.8 -1.9 | 62 11 -9.3 -4.9 54 49 20726 280 10 9.8 -1.7 | 65 11 -10.3 -4.7 55 46 21031 285 13 12.6 -3.4 | 50 10 -7.6 -6.4 56 44 21336 305 13 10.6 -7.5 | 42 14 -9.5 -10.5 57 40 21946 360 17 -0.0 -17.0 | 45 28 -20.2 -20.0 58 37 22555 355 16 1.4 -15.9 | 45 27 -18.8 -18.9 59 35 22860 10 22 -3.8 -21.7 | 44 34 -24.0 -24.7 60 33 23165 25 9 -3.8 -8.2 | 65 26 -24.0 -11.2 61 32 23470 30 23 -11.5 -19.9 | 54 39 -31.7 -22.9 62 30 23774 15 17 -4.4 -16.4 | 52 31 -24.6 -19.4 63 30 23810 25 15 -6.3 -13.6 | 58 31 -26.5 -16.6 64 29 24079 25 14 -5.9 -12.7 | 59 30 -26.1 -15.7 65 27 24384 45 13 -9.2 -9.2 | 67 32 -29.3 -12.2 66 26 24689 15 20 -5.2 -19.3 | 49 34 -25.3 -22.3 67 24 25298 50 17 -13.0 -10.9 | 67 36 -33.2 -13.9 68 23 25603 40 27 -17.4 -20.7 | 58 44 -37.5 -23.7 69 22 25908 45 15 -10.6 -10.6 | 66 34 -30.8 -13.6 70 21 26213 5 13 -1.1 -13.0 | 53 27 -21.3 -15.9 71 20 26430 35 19 -10.9 -15.6 | 59 36 -31.1 -18.6 72 20 26518 360 21 -0.0 -21.0 | 40 31 -20.2 -24.0 73 19 26822 25 21 -8.9 -19.0 | 53 36 -29.0 -22.0 74 18 27127 20 20 -6.8 -18.8 | 51 35 -27.0 -21.8 75 17 27432 30 17 -8.5 -14.7 | 58 34 -28.7 -17.7 76 16 27737 60 20 -17.3 -10.0 | 71 40 -37.5 -13.0 77 16 28042 35 17 -9.8 -13.9 | 61 34 -29.9 -16.9 78 14 28956 60 16 -13.9 -8.0 | 72 36 -34.0 -11.0 79 13 29261 35 30 -17.2 -24.6 | 54 46 -37.4 -27.6 80 12 29566 45 26 -18.4 -18.4 | 61 44 -38.5 -21.4 81 10 30940 20 39 -13.3 -36.6 | 40 52 -33.5 -39.6 82 7 33320 50 9 -6.9 -5.8 | 72 28 -27.1 -8.8 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 231.6 at 27.2 knts Storm direction: 261.6 at 20.4 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 3.6 neg: 2.9 tot: 6.5 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 117.4 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 113.6 neg: -0.6 tot: 113.1 m^2/s^2 ave: 37.7 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.65 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 7.7 stream: 5.0 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.01 Bulk Rich Number: 0.40 Bulk Shear: 63.19 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 250 6 86 15| 0.0 5.5 5.5| 13.6 0.0 13.6 27.1 0.55| 6.8 3.7 1000 227 8 98 15| 0.0 4.6 4.6| 28.7 0.0 28.7 28.7 0.59| 6.4 3.8 1500 217 9 108 15| 2.3 3.0 5.3| 57.4 0.0 57.4 38.3 0.70| 6.8 4.7 2000 221 12 115 14| 4.5 2.3 6.8| 86.7 0.0 86.7 43.3 0.73| 8.3 6.0 2500 224 15 130 13| 3.6 3.5 7.1| 92.5 -0.6 91.9 36.8 0.61| 8.4 5.2 3000 225 18 145 12| 3.6 2.9 6.5|113.6 -0.6 113.1 37.7 0.65| 7.7 5.0 4000 227 22 163 13| 2.7 2.4 5.0|125.0 -29.3 95.7 23.9 0.49| 6.8 3.3 5000 228 25 173 13| 2.7 1.9 4.6|159.1 -29.3 129.8 26.0 0.54| 6.3 3.4 6000 232 27 185 14| 2.8 2.0 4.8|188.7 -80.1 108.7 18.1 0.39| 6.6 2.6 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KMFR/skewt/KMFR.skewt.20250104.00.gif