UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025090400.upa.cvt Date: 0000Z 4 SEP 25 Searching for KMFR... Searching the city database file for: KMFR ... Date:0000Z 4 SEP 25 Station: KMFR WMO ident: 72597 Latitude: 42.37 Longitude: -122.87 Elevation: 405.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 92 SFC 967 405 35.0 8.0 19 27.0 18.0 310 9 311.1 312.4 292.4 332.7 6.97 2 955 515 32.6 7.6 21 25.0 17.1 310 10 309.8 311.1 292.0 331.0 6.87 3 925 793 29.8 7.8 25 22.0 16.1 315 11 309.8 311.1 292.2 331.9 7.19 4 922 822 29.6 6.6 23 23.0 15.5 314 11 309.9 311.1 291.8 330.3 6.64 5 850 1538 23.2 6.2 33 17.0 12.9 355 3 310.4 311.8 292.3 332.1 7.01 6 710 3070 9.8 -0.2 50 10.0 4.5 154 15 312.1 313.1 291.3 328.7 5.31 7 700 3188 8.8 -0.2 53 9.0 4.0 145 15 312.2 313.3 291.5 329.1 5.39 8 689 3319 7.4 -0.6 57 8.0 3.2 148 15 312.1 313.1 291.3 328.8 5.32 9 661 3659 4.6 -1.4 65 6.0 1.5 155 14 312.7 313.7 291.5 329.1 5.23 10 636 3972 2.2 -4.8 60 7.0 -1.2 193 18 313.4 314.2 290.8 326.8 4.21 11 608 4334 -0.9 -6.9 64 6.0 -3.6 186 21 313.9 314.6 290.5 325.9 3.75 12 584 4654 -3.3 -13.3 46 10.0 -7.1 194 26 314.7 315.2 289.5 322.4 2.35 13 537 5311 -9.7 -14.4 69 4.7 -11.3 217 28 314.7 315.2 289.5 322.4 2.33 14 532 5383 -9.9 -14.2 71 4.3 -11.4 218 27 315.3 315.8 289.7 323.2 2.39 15 525 5485 -10.3 -10.7 97 0.4 -10.5 220 25 316.0 316.7 290.7 326.5 3.22 16 521 5544 -10.7 -10.7 100 0.0 -10.7 219 25 316.3 316.9 290.8 326.8 3.25 17 503 5814 -11.9 -13.8 86 1.9 -12.6 216 24 318.0 318.5 290.7 326.6 2.62 18 500 5860 -12.3 -14.1 86 1.8 -12.9 215 24 318.0 318.5 290.7 326.5 2.57 19 491 5999 -13.5 -14.8 90 1.3 -13.9 212 22 318.2 318.7 290.7 326.4 2.47 20 488 6046 -13.5 -16.0 81 2.5 -14.3 211 22 318.8 319.2 290.6 326.3 2.25 21 487 6061 -13.3 -18.3 66 5.0 -14.9 211 21 319.2 319.6 290.4 325.5 1.86 22 485 6093 -13.1 -20.1 56 7.0 -15.2 210 21 319.8 320.2 290.3 325.3 1.60 23 482 6140 -13.5 -20.5 56 7.0 -15.6 209 22 319.9 320.2 290.3 325.2 1.55 24 477 6219 -14.3 -20.3 60 6.0 -16.0 208 23 319.9 320.2 290.3 325.3 1.60 25 474 6267 -14.1 -18.7 68 4.6 -15.5 207 23 320.7 321.1 290.9 326.9 1.84 26 457 6544 -15.7 -19.9 70 4.2 -17.0 203 27 322.1 322.4 291.2 328.0 1.72 27 452 6628 -15.9 -20.6 67 4.7 -17.3 201 28 322.8 323.2 291.3 328.5 1.64 28 446 6728 -16.1 -24.1 50 8.0 -18.2 200 29 323.8 324.1 291.2 328.1 1.22 29 445 6745 -16.1 -24.1 50 8.0 -18.2 199 29 324.0 324.3 291.2 328.3 1.22 30 429 7021 -18.3 -22.5 70 4.2 -19.4 195 33 324.6 324.9 291.6 329.7 1.46 31 415 7268 -20.3 -23.6 75 3.3 -21.1 197 34 325.2 325.4 291.7 330.0 1.37 32 404 7467 -21.9 -25.8 71 3.9 -22.8 199 35 325.6 325.8 291.6 329.7 1.16 33 400 7540 -22.5 -25.4 77 2.9 -23.2 200 35 325.7 326.0 291.7 330.0 1.21 34 375 8010 -26.3 -27.8 87 1.5 -26.6 200 34 326.8 327.0 291.9 330.5 1.04 35 373 8049 -26.7 -27.4 94 0.7 -26.8 200 34 326.8 327.0 291.9 330.6 1.08 36 358 8343 -29.1 -29.9 93 0.8 -29.2 200 34 327.4 327.6 291.9 330.6 0.89 37 355 8403 -29.7 -32.3 78 2.6 -30.1 200 35 327.4 327.5 291.7 330.0 0.72 38 353 8444 -30.1 -31.3 89 1.2 -30.3 200 35 327.4 327.5 291.7 330.2 0.79 39 348 8545 -30.7 -32.9 81 2.2 -31.0 200 35 327.9 328.0 291.8 330.4 0.69 40 341 8689 -31.9 -32.7 93 0.8 -32.0 200 35 328.2 328.3 291.9 330.8 0.72 41 340 8710 -32.1 -33.7 86 1.6 -32.3 200 35 328.2 328.3 291.9 330.6 0.65 42 337 8772 -32.5 -33.4 92 0.9 -32.6 200 35 328.5 328.6 292.0 330.9 0.68 43 334 8835 -33.1 -34.2 90 1.1 -33.3 200 35 328.5 328.6 291.9 330.8 0.63 44 332 8877 -33.3 -35.6 80 2.3 -33.6 200 35 328.8 328.9 291.9 330.8 0.55 45 329 8941 -33.9 -36.9 74 3.0 -34.3 200 35 328.8 328.9 291.9 330.6 0.49 46 325 9026 -34.7 -37.2 78 2.5 -35.0 200 35 328.9 328.9 291.9 330.6 0.48 47 320 9134 -35.9 -38.9 74 3.0 -36.2 200 35 328.6 328.7 291.7 330.2 0.41 48 318 9178 -36.3 -41.0 62 4.7 -36.8 201 35 328.7 328.8 291.7 329.9 0.33 49 316 9222 -36.7 -41.5 61 4.8 -37.2 202 35 328.7 328.8 291.7 329.9 0.32 50 315 9244 -36.7 -41.7 60 5.0 -37.2 203 36 329.0 329.1 291.7 330.2 0.31 51 314 9266 -36.9 -44.9 43 8.0 -37.5 204 36 329.0 329.1 291.7 329.9 0.22 52 312 9310 -37.3 -43.3 54 6.0 -37.8 205 36 329.1 329.1 291.7 330.1 0.27 53 310 9354 -37.5 -43.5 53 6.0 -38.0 207 36 329.4 329.5 291.8 330.4 0.26 54 308 9399 -37.7 -45.7 43 8.0 -38.3 208 37 329.7 329.8 291.9 330.5 0.21 55 307 9421 -37.7 -45.7 43 8.0 -38.4 209 37 330.0 330.1 291.9 330.9 0.21 56 300 9580 -38.3 -61.3 7 23.0 -39.3 195 35 331.4 331.4 292.1 331.5 0.03 57 250 10810 -46.5 -64.5 11 18.0 -47.0 200 39 336.9 336.9 293.6 337.0 0.03 58 200 12270 -52.1 -73.1 6 21.0 -52.5 180 7 350.3 350.3 296.7 350.3 0.01 59 170 13297 -59.1 -76.1 9 17.0 -59.3 190 19 355.3 355.3 297.8 355.3 0.01 60 150 14080 -57.3 -82.3 3 25.0 -57.6 160 14 371.4 371.4 300.8 371.4 0.00 61 100 16620 -61.5 -85.5 3 24.0 -61.7 165 5 408.9 408.9 306.4 408.9 0.00 62 81 17914 -64.5 -87.5 3 23.0 -64.7 201 9 428.1 428.1 308.6 428.2 0.00 63 76 18305 -62.7 -87.7 2 25.0 -63.0 274 8 439.8 439.8 309.8 439.8 0.00 64 70 18810 -63.5 -88.5 2 25.0 -63.8 105 6 448.5 448.5 310.7 448.5 0.00 65 69 18899 -63.5 -88.5 2 25.0 -63.8 85 10 450.4 450.4 310.9 450.4 0.00 66 60 19764 -60.7 -87.7 2 27.0 -61.2 69 10 475.0 475.0 313.1 475.0 0.00 67 57 20083 -61.1 -88.1 2 27.0 -61.6 74 10 481.1 481.1 313.5 481.1 0.00 68 50 20900 -60.1 -88.1 1 28.0 -60.7 90 4 501.9 501.9 315.1 501.9 0.00 69 33 23520 -55.7 -86.7 1 31.0 -57.1 351 9 576.9 576.9 319.5 576.9 0.01 70 32 23716 -55.9 -86.9 1 31.0 -57.3 350 10 581.4 581.4 319.8 581.5 0.01 71 30 24130 -52.5 -85.5 1 33.0 -54.5 70 6 601.5 601.5 320.7 601.6 0.01 72 26 25056 -51.7 -84.7 1 33.0 -54.2 358 10 628.9 628.9 321.9 629.0 0.01 73 25 25310 -52.3 -84.3 1 32.0 -54.7 346 10 634.3 634.3 322.1 634.4 0.01 74 20 26770 -46.9 -82.9 1 36.0 -51.4 355 12 692.6 692.6 324.2 692.8 0.02 75 19 27111 -46.9 -82.9 1 36.0 -51.5 322 10 702.9 702.9 324.6 703.0 0.02 76 14 29131 -48.5 -83.5 1 35.0 -53.5 120 10 761.6 761.6 326.3 761.8 0.03 77 10 31380 -42.1 -81.1 1 39.0 -51.2 105 15 862.4 862.4 328.7 862.9 0.06 78 9.5 31727 -42.1 -81.1 1 39.0 -51.5 875.1 875.2 329.0 875.7 0.06 79 9.3 31871 -41.9 -80.9 1 39.0 -51.5 881.2 881.3 329.1 881.9 0.06 80 8.7 32321 -43.7 -81.7 1 38.0 -52.7 891.2 891.3 329.2 891.8 0.06 TRP 170 13297 -59.1 -76.1 9 17.0 -59.3 190 19 355.3 355.3 297.8 355.3 0.01 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5768.00 m Freezing level: 616.13 mb = 4228.53 m = 13872.95 ft Wetbulb zero: 646.92 mb = 3833.50 m = 12576.94 ft Precipitable water: 1.07 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 50.74 % Est. max temperature: 34.74 C = 94.54 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 653.85 mb = 3747.03 m = 12293.25 ft T: 3.92 C 700-500 lapse rate: 7.90 C/km ThetaE index: 3.36 C Layer 710.0- 700.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 631.19 mb = 4032.79 m = 13230.76 ft Mean mixing ratio: 6.87 g/kg Conv temperature: 37.34 C = 99.21 F Cap Strength: 2.32 C Lifted Index: -1.66 C Risk: Thunderstorms probable Lifted Index @300 mb: 1.23 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 1.98 C Showalter Index: -2.07 C Risk: Severe thunderstorms possible Total Totals Index: 54.00 C Risk: Scattered heavy thunderstorms Vertical Totals Index: 35.50 C Cross Totals Index: 18.50 C K Index: 32.70 Risk: 60-80 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 204.40 Risk: None Energy Index: -1.10 Risk: Scattered severe thunderstorms Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 112.83 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 15.02 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 140.52 J/kg Cap Strength: 2.32 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 661.57 mb = 3651.70 m = 11980.50 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 586.57 mb = 4619.05 m = 15154.17 ft Equ Level (EL): 446.57 mb = 6718.81 m = 22043.09 ft B at Equ Level: 100.27 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 256.57 mb = 10635.02 m = 34891.38 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 230 at 12 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 967 405 310 9 6.9 -5.8 | 9 14 -2.1 -13.4 1 945 610 310 11 8.4 -7.1 | 2 15 -0.6 -14.7 2 925 793 315 11 7.8 -7.8 | 4 15 -1.2 -15.4 3 912 914 310 10 7.7 -6.4 | 5 14 -1.3 -14.0 4 881 1219 325 5 2.9 -4.1 | 28 13 -6.1 -11.7 5 850 1538 355 3 0.3 -3.0 | 40 14 -8.7 -10.6 6 821 1829 190 2 0.3 2.0 | 57 10 -8.6 -5.6 7 792 2134 205 6 2.5 5.4 | 72 7 -6.5 -2.2 8 765 2438 135 6 -4.2 4.2 | 76 14 -13.2 -3.4 9 738 2743 150 9 -4.5 7.8 | 91 13 -13.5 0.2 10 712 3048 155 15 -6.3 13.6 | 111 16 -15.3 6.0 11 700 3188 145 15 -8.6 12.3 | 105 18 -17.6 4.7 12 660 3658 155 14 -5.9 12.7 | 109 16 -14.9 5.1 13 635 3962 195 18 4.7 17.4 | 156 11 -4.3 9.8 14 611 4267 185 20 1.7 19.9 | 150 14 -7.2 12.3 15 566 4877 200 30 10.3 28.2 | 184 21 1.3 20.6 16 545 5182 215 29 16.6 23.8 | 205 18 7.6 16.2 17 524 5486 220 25 16.1 19.2 | 212 14 7.1 11.6 18 500 5860 215 24 13.8 19.7 | 202 13 4.8 12.1 19 485 6096 210 21 10.5 18.2 | 188 11 1.5 10.6 20 429 7010 195 33 8.5 31.9 | 179 24 -0.4 24.3 21 400 7540 200 35 12.0 32.9 | 187 25 3.0 25.3 22 396 7620 200 34 11.6 31.9 | 186 24 2.6 24.4 23 319 9144 200 35 12.0 32.9 | 187 25 3.0 25.3 24 306 9449 210 37 18.5 32.0 | 201 26 9.5 24.4 25 300 9580 195 35 9.1 33.8 | 180 26 0.1 26.2 26 292 9754 195 35 9.1 33.8 | 180 26 0.1 26.2 27 250 10810 200 39 13.3 36.6 | 189 29 4.4 29.1 28 244 10973 195 39 10.1 37.7 | 182 30 1.1 30.1 29 222 11582 210 45 22.5 39.0 | 203 34 13.5 31.4 30 212 11887 225 27 19.1 19.1 | 221 15 10.1 11.5 31 202 12192 205 10 4.2 9.1 | 107 5 -4.8 1.5 32 200 12270 180 7 0.0 7.0 | 86 9 -9.0 -0.6 33 193 12497 180 7 0.0 7.0 | 86 9 -9.0 -0.6 34 184 12802 175 11 -1.0 11.0 | 109 10 -9.9 3.4 35 175 13106 155 15 -6.3 13.6 | 111 16 -15.3 6.0 36 170 13297 190 19 3.3 18.7 | 153 12 -5.7 11.1 37 167 13411 190 18 3.1 17.7 | 150 12 -5.9 10.1 38 159 13716 195 14 3.6 13.5 | 138 8 -5.4 5.9 39 151 14021 180 11 0.0 11.0 | 111 10 -9.0 3.4 40 150 14080 160 14 -4.8 13.2 | 112 15 -13.8 5.6 41 137 14630 160 20 -6.8 18.8 | 125 19 -15.8 11.2 42 131 14935 205 18 7.6 16.3 | 171 9 -1.4 8.7 43 125 15240 210 15 7.5 13.0 | 165 6 -1.5 5.4 44 119 15545 180 16 0.0 16.0 | 133 12 -9.0 8.4 45 113 15850 190 17 3.0 16.7 | 147 11 -6.0 9.1 46 108 16154 230 10 7.7 6.4 | 49 2 -1.3 -1.2 47 103 16459 95 10 -10.0 0.9 | 70 20 -18.9 -6.7 48 100 16620 165 5 -1.3 4.8 | 75 11 -10.3 -2.8 49 98 16764 165 5 -1.3 4.8 | 75 11 -10.3 -2.8 50 84 17678 160 10 -3.4 9.4 | 98 13 -12.4 1.8 51 76 18288 265 8 8.0 0.7 | 8 7 -1.0 -6.9 52 73 18593 65 10 -9.1 -4.2 | 57 22 -18.1 -11.8 53 70 18810 105 6 -5.8 1.6 | 68 16 -14.8 -6.0 54 69 18898 85 10 -10.0 -0.9 | 66 21 -18.9 -8.5 55 63 19507 65 10 -9.1 -4.2 | 57 22 -18.1 -11.8 56 51 20726 85 10 -10.0 -0.9 | 66 21 -18.9 -8.5 57 50 20900 90 4 -4.0 0.0 | 60 15 -13.0 -7.6 58 49 21031 115 12 -10.9 5.1 | 83 20 -19.9 -2.5 59 47 21336 85 6 -6.0 -0.5 | 62 17 -15.0 -8.1 60 42 21946 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 50 12 -9.0 -7.6 61 32 23774 350 10 1.7 -9.8 | 23 19 -7.3 -17.4 62 30 24079 40 10 -6.4 -7.7 | 45 22 -15.4 -15.3 63 30 24130 70 6 -5.6 -2.1 | 57 18 -14.6 -9.6 64 29 24384 35 9 -5.2 -7.4 | 43 21 -14.1 -15.0 65 25 25298 345 10 2.6 -9.7 | 20 18 -6.4 -17.3 66 24 25603 355 12 1.0 -12.0 | 22 21 -7.9 -19.6 67 23 25908 30 11 -5.5 -9.5 | 40 22 -14.5 -17.1 68 20 26770 355 12 1.0 -12.0 | 22 21 -7.9 -19.6 69 19 27127 320 10 6.4 -7.7 | 10 15 -2.6 -15.3 70 18 27432 90 9 -9.0 0.0 | 67 20 -18.0 -7.6 71 17 27737 80 4 -3.9 -0.7 | 57 15 -12.9 -8.3 72 16 28346 65 12 -10.9 -5.1 | 57 24 -19.9 -12.7 73 15 28651 40 16 -10.3 -12.3 | 44 28 -19.3 -19.9 74 14 28956 105 11 -10.6 2.8 | 76 20 -19.6 -4.7 75 14 29261 130 10 -7.7 6.4 | 86 17 -16.6 -1.2 76 10 31380 105 15 -14.5 3.9 | 81 24 -23.5 -3.7 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 199.8 at 15.7 knts Storm direction: 229.8 at 11.8 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 1.9 neg: 2.1 tot: 4.0 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 98.0 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 80.7 neg: -14.7 tot: 66.0 m^2/s^2 ave: 22.0 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.49 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 7.1 stream: 3.5 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.03 Bulk Rich Number: 1.78 Bulk Shear: 63.28 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 312 10 4 15| 1.1 0.0 1.1| 3.1 -6.0 -2.9 -5.9 -0.21| 4.1 -0.9 1000 314 8 12 14| 3.1 0.0 3.1| 28.5 -6.0 22.5 22.5 0.56| 5.7 3.2 1500 315 7 20 13| 2.1 2.3 4.4| 42.8 -7.5 35.3 23.5 0.56| 6.7 3.7 2000 301 6 19 11| 1.6 2.5 4.1| 48.9 -9.4 39.5 19.8 0.46| 7.3 3.4 2500 274 7 16 8| 2.3 2.0 4.3| 71.2 -9.4 61.8 24.7 0.54| 7.3 3.9 3000 183 8 93 9| 1.9 2.1 4.0| 80.7 -14.7 66.0 22.0 0.49| 7.1 3.5 4000 179 10 107 10| 2.3 1.6 3.9|127.7 -17.8 109.9 27.5 0.54| 7.7 4.2 5000 193 14 136 8| 2.3 1.2 3.6|207.0 -17.8 189.2 37.8 0.61| 8.2 5.0 6000 200 16 153 8| 1.9 1.5 3.4|208.2 -35.8 172.3 28.7 0.48| 7.8 3.7 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KMFR/skewt/KMFR.skewt.20250904.00.gif