UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025090500.upa.cvt Date: 0000Z 5 SEP 25 Searching for KMFR... Searching the city database file for: KMFR ... Date:0000Z 5 SEP 25 Station: KMFR WMO ident: 72597 Latitude: 42.37 Longitude: -122.87 Elevation: 405.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 43 SFC 962 405 35.6 9.6 21 26.0 18.8 280 10 312.2 313.7 293.4 336.4 7.82 2 954 478 33.8 9.8 23 24.0 18.4 280 10 311.1 312.6 293.3 335.8 7.99 3 925 747 31.4 8.4 24 23.0 16.9 315 10 311.4 312.8 292.9 334.6 7.49 4 881 1181 27.2 7.2 28 20.0 14.8 340 5 311.4 312.8 292.7 333.9 7.25 5 854 1455 25.0 6.0 30 19.0 13.4 87 2 311.9 313.2 292.6 333.3 6.88 6 850 1496 24.6 6.6 31 18.0 13.6 105 2 311.9 313.3 292.9 334.3 7.21 7 736 2733 13.2 4.2 54 9.0 7.9 146 11 312.6 313.9 292.9 334.5 7.04 8 715 2976 11.2 3.2 58 8.0 6.6 126 10 313.0 314.3 292.8 334.1 6.75 9 709 3047 10.6 1.6 54 9.0 5.6 120 10 313.1 314.2 292.3 332.1 6.07 10 700 3153 9.6 2.6 62 7.0 5.6 145 11 313.1 314.4 292.7 333.8 6.61 11 674 3466 7.0 2.0 70 5.0 4.2 147 14 313.6 314.9 292.9 334.2 6.57 12 666 3564 6.4 -1.6 57 8.0 2.2 143 14 314.0 315.0 291.7 330.2 5.11 13 663 3602 6.0 -1.0 61 7.0 2.3 142 15 314.0 315.0 292.0 330.9 5.37 14 653 3726 5.0 -2.0 60 7.0 1.4 138 14 314.2 315.2 291.7 330.2 5.06 15 647 3801 4.6 -5.4 48 10.0 -0.2 136 14 314.6 315.3 290.9 327.2 3.95 16 646 3814 4.4 -3.6 56 8.0 0.4 135 14 314.5 315.4 291.4 328.9 4.54 17 642 3865 4.0 -5.0 52 9.0 -0.3 134 13 314.6 315.4 291.0 327.7 4.11 18 636 3941 3.2 -2.8 65 6.0 0.2 131 12 314.5 315.5 291.7 330.1 4.90 19 631 4005 2.6 -2.4 70 5.0 0.1 132 12 314.6 315.5 291.9 330.7 5.09 20 606 4331 0.2 -7.8 55 8.0 -3.4 152 10 315.5 316.1 290.8 326.8 3.51 21 601 4398 -0.5 -4.7 73 4.2 -2.5 146 10 315.4 316.3 291.6 329.7 4.49 22 589 4559 -1.7 -5.6 75 3.9 -3.6 133 10 315.8 316.6 291.6 329.5 4.28 23 580 4682 -2.3 -9.3 59 7.0 -5.3 133 9 316.5 317.1 290.9 327.1 3.26 24 576 4737 -2.7 -9.7 59 7.0 -5.7 135 8 316.7 317.3 290.9 327.0 3.18 25 574 4765 -2.9 -10.9 54 8.0 -6.2 136 7 316.8 317.3 290.6 326.2 2.90 26 571 4806 -2.7 -17.7 30 15.0 -7.9 137 6 317.5 317.8 289.7 323.1 1.67 27 569 4834 -2.7 -11.7 50 9.0 -6.4 138 6 317.8 318.3 290.8 326.8 2.74 28 568 4848 -2.7 -11.7 50 9.0 -6.4 138 6 317.9 318.5 290.9 327.0 2.75 29 566 4876 -2.9 -9.9 58 7.0 -5.9 139 5 318.0 318.6 291.3 328.4 3.18 30 563 4918 -2.9 -12.9 46 10.0 -6.8 146 5 318.5 319.0 290.8 326.8 2.52 31 562 4932 -2.9 -16.9 33 14.0 -7.9 151 5 318.7 319.0 290.2 324.8 1.81 32 558 4989 -2.9 -17.9 30 15.0 -8.1 168 4 319.3 319.6 290.3 325.0 1.68 33 555 5032 -3.3 -20.3 26 17.0 -8.9 180 4 319.3 319.6 290.0 324.0 1.37 34 541 5234 -4.7 -15.7 42 11.0 -8.7 227 3 320.0 320.4 290.9 327.0 2.08 35 535 5322 -5.3 -18.3 35 13.0 -9.7 219 5 320.3 320.6 290.6 326.1 1.69 36 514 5635 -7.9 -16.9 48 9.0 -11.0 190 9 320.9 321.3 291.0 327.5 1.98 37 500 5850 -9.5 -20.5 40 11.0 -12.9 175 10 321.5 321.7 290.7 326.6 1.50 38 499 5865 -9.5 -20.5 40 11.0 -12.9 175 10 321.6 321.9 290.8 326.8 1.50 39 497 5896 -9.9 -20.9 40 11.0 -13.3 175 10 321.5 321.8 290.7 326.5 1.45 40 461 6468 -14.9 -20.9 60 6.0 -16.6 202 12 322.3 322.6 291.0 327.6 1.57 41 457 6534 -15.5 -21.5 60 6.0 -17.2 199 13 322.3 322.6 291.0 327.5 1.50 42 428 7023 -19.5 -22.6 76 3.1 -20.3 180 10 323.3 323.6 291.2 328.4 1.45 43 400 7520 -22.9 -23.2 97 0.3 -22.9 185 12 325.2 325.5 291.8 330.4 1.48 44 398 7557 -23.3 -23.5 98 0.2 -23.4 185 12 325.2 325.5 291.7 330.2 1.44 45 381 7875 -25.3 -25.4 99 0.1 -25.3 193 13 326.6 326.9 292.0 331.1 1.27 46 379 7914 -25.5 -25.8 97 0.3 -25.6 194 13 326.8 327.1 292.0 331.2 1.23 47 378 7933 -25.7 -27.1 88 1.4 -26.0 195 13 326.8 327.1 291.9 330.7 1.10 48 355 8385 -28.7 -28.7 100 0.0 -28.7 205 15 328.7 328.9 292.3 332.3 1.01 49 350 8487 -29.9 -30.3 96 0.4 -30.0 205 14 328.4 328.6 292.2 331.6 0.88 50 348 8528 -30.3 -32.8 79 2.5 -30.7 205 14 328.4 328.6 292.0 331.0 0.70 51 344 8610 -30.5 -34.6 67 4.1 -31.1 200 14 329.2 329.4 292.1 331.4 0.59 52 342 8651 -30.9 -34.4 71 3.5 -31.4 197 14 329.3 329.4 292.1 331.5 0.61 53 319 9143 -34.3 -38.2 68 3.9 -34.8 180 15 331.2 331.3 292.5 332.8 0.44 54 317 9187 -34.3 -38.3 67 4.0 -34.8 181 15 331.8 331.8 292.6 333.4 0.44 55 300 9570 -37.5 -41.7 65 4.2 -37.9 195 13 332.5 332.6 292.7 333.8 0.33 56 288 9850 -39.7 -44.3 61 4.6 -40.1 212 13 333.3 333.3 292.9 334.3 0.26 57 250 10800 -47.7 -52.7 56 5.0 -47.9 210 20 335.2 335.2 293.2 335.6 0.12 58 200 12230 -58.9 -67.9 30 9.0 -59.0 220 27 339.5 339.5 294.2 339.6 0.02 59 189 12586 -60.1 -70.1 26 10.0 -60.2 225 26 343.1 343.1 295.1 343.2 0.02 60 150 14040 -59.1 -82.1 4 23.0 -59.3 180 9 368.3 368.3 300.2 368.3 0.00 61 100 16560 -62.1 -86.1 3 24.0 -62.3 235 12 407.7 407.7 306.2 407.8 0.00 62 94 16943 -61.5 -86.5 2 25.0 -61.7 250 11 416.2 416.2 307.3 416.2 0.00 63 78 18092 -63.7 -87.7 2 24.0 -63.9 122 8 434.5 434.5 309.3 434.5 0.00 64 70 18760 -61.1 -88.1 2 27.0 -61.4 95 3 453.7 453.7 311.2 453.7 0.00 65 60 19717 -59.5 -88.5 1 29.0 -60.0 35 9 477.7 477.7 313.2 477.7 0.00 66 56 20146 -60.9 -88.9 1 28.0 -61.4 46 10 484.0 484.0 313.8 484.0 0.00 67 51 20726 -60.1 -89.1 1 29.0 -60.7 74 9 499.0 499.0 314.9 499.0 0.00 68 50 20850 -58.5 -88.5 1 30.0 -59.2 80 9 505.6 505.6 315.4 505.6 0.00 69 48 21108 -58.1 -88.1 1 30.0 -58.9 77 8 512.5 512.5 315.8 512.5 0.00 70 45 21514 -59.3 -88.3 1 29.0 -60.0 81 11 519.1 519.1 316.2 519.2 0.00 71 32 23668 -56.7 -87.7 1 31.0 -57.9 295 10 579.3 579.3 319.6 579.3 0.01 72 30 24080 -54.3 -87.3 1 33.0 -56.0 340 10 596.6 596.6 320.5 596.6 0.01 73 29 24298 -53.3 -86.3 1 33.0 -55.2 336 9 605.2 605.2 320.9 605.2 0.01 74 22 26088 -50.1 -85.1 1 35.0 -53.3 275 10 664.5 664.5 323.2 664.6 0.01 75 22 26088 -50.5 -84.5 1 34.0 -53.6 275 10 663.3 663.3 323.2 663.4 0.01 76 20 26710 -49.7 -85.7 1 36.0 -53.3 55 3 684.0 684.1 323.9 684.1 0.01 77 19 27046 -48.5 -84.5 1 36.0 -52.6 114 4 697.9 697.9 324.4 698.0 0.02 78 15 28613 -45.1 -83.1 1 38.0 -51.2 0 0 758.0 758.0 326.1 758.2 0.03 79 12 30098 -46.7 -83.7 1 37.0 -52.9 23 10 802.3 802.3 327.3 802.5 0.03 80 10 31320 -41.7 -81.7 1 40.0 -51.1 90 7 863.9 863.9 328.7 864.4 0.05 81 9.1 31962 -40.5 -81.5 0 41.0 -51.0 107 8 892.1 892.1 329.2 892.7 0.06 82 8.6 32347 -41.3 -82.3 0 41.0 -51.6 117 8 903.5 903.6 329.5 904.1 0.05 83 7.0 33750 -40.1 -81.1 0 41.0 -52.1 155 10 963.3 963.3 330.6 964.2 0.08 84 6.3 34471 -38.7 -80.7 0 42.0 -52.1 998.7 998.8 331.2 999.8 0.09 85 6.0 34806 -39.3 -81.3 0 42.0 -52.5 1010.2 1010.2 331.4 1011.2 0.09 86 5.8 35040 -36.5 -79.5 0 43.0 -51.7 1032.2 1032.3 331.7 1033.7 0.12 TRP 189 12586 -60.1 -70.1 26 10.0 -60.2 225 26 343.1 343.1 295.1 343.2 0.02 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5807.00 m Freezing level: 604.57 mb = 4350.42 m = 14272.87 ft Wetbulb zero: 647.69 mb = 3792.77 m = 12443.32 ft Precipitable water: 1.15 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 46.43 % Est. max temperature: 35.59 C = 96.06 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 660.60 mb = 3631.28 m = 11913.51 ft T: 5.76 C 700-500 lapse rate: 7.08 C/km ThetaE index: 3.15 C Layer 954.0- 850.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 633.34 mb = 3975.10 m = 13041.51 ft Mean mixing ratio: 7.46 g/kg Conv temperature: 37.93 C = 100.28 F Cap Strength: 2.30 C Lifted Index: -0.38 C Risk: Thunderstorms probable Lifted Index @300 mb: -0.08 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 1.52 C Showalter Index: -0.26 C Risk: Thunderstorms probable Total Totals Index: 50.20 C Risk: Scattered heavy thunderstorms Vertical Totals Index: 34.10 C Cross Totals Index: 16.10 C K Index: 33.70 Risk: 60-80 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 117.20 Risk: None Energy Index: -1.45 Risk: Scattered severe thunderstorms Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 220.28 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 20.99 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 118.80 J/kg Cap Strength: 2.30 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 660.76 mb = 3629.24 m = 11906.82 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 595.76 mb = 4467.90 m = 14658.27 ft Equ Level (EL): 575.76 mb = 4740.21 m = 15551.67 ft B at Equ Level: 1.92 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 565.76 mb = 4879.42 m = 16008.41 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 187 at 6 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 962 405 280 10 9.8 -1.7 | 311 12 9.1 -7.8 1 940 610 280 10 9.8 -1.7 | 311 12 9.1 -7.8 2 925 747 315 10 7.1 -7.1 | 334 15 6.3 -13.1 3 908 914 305 8 6.6 -4.6 | 331 12 5.8 -10.7 4 877 1219 345 4 1.0 -3.9 | 358 10 0.3 -9.9 5 850 1496 105 2 -1.9 0.5 | 26 6 -2.7 -5.5 6 847 1524 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 7 6 -0.7 -6.1 7 817 1829 85 3 -3.0 -0.3 | 30 7 -3.7 -6.3 8 789 2134 145 2 -1.1 1.6 | 23 5 -1.9 -4.4 9 761 2438 155 7 -3.0 6.3 | 94 4 -3.7 0.3 10 734 2743 145 11 -6.3 9.0 | 113 8 -7.0 2.9 11 709 3048 120 10 -8.7 5.0 | 84 9 -9.4 -1.1 12 700 3153 145 11 -6.3 9.0 | 113 8 -7.0 2.9 13 683 3353 150 13 -6.5 11.3 | 126 9 -7.2 5.2 14 657 3658 140 15 -9.6 11.5 | 118 12 -10.4 5.4 15 633 3962 130 12 -9.2 7.7 | 99 10 -9.9 1.7 16 609 4267 155 10 -4.2 9.1 | 121 6 -5.0 3.0 17 586 4572 130 10 -7.7 6.4 | 92 8 -8.4 0.4 18 565 4877 140 5 -3.2 3.8 | 61 5 -3.9 -2.2 19 543 5182 230 3 2.3 1.9 | 339 4 1.6 -4.1 20 504 5791 175 11 -1.0 11.0 | 161 5 -1.7 4.9 21 500 5850 175 10 -0.9 10.0 | 158 4 -1.6 3.9 22 484 6096 175 9 -0.8 9.0 | 152 3 -1.5 2.9 23 465 6401 205 12 5.1 10.9 | 222 6 4.3 4.8 24 446 6706 190 14 2.4 13.8 | 192 8 1.7 7.7 25 428 7010 180 10 0.0 10.0 | 169 4 -0.7 3.9 26 411 7315 200 13 4.4 12.2 | 211 7 3.7 6.2 27 400 7520 185 12 1.0 12.0 | 183 6 0.3 5.9 28 394 7620 185 12 1.0 12.0 | 183 6 0.3 5.9 29 362 8230 205 15 6.3 13.6 | 217 9 5.6 7.5 30 347 8534 205 14 5.9 12.7 | 218 8 5.2 6.6 31 332 8839 180 15 0.0 15.0 | 175 9 -0.7 8.9 32 318 9144 180 15 0.0 15.0 | 175 9 -0.7 8.9 33 300 9570 195 13 3.4 12.6 | 202 7 2.6 6.5 34 279 10058 225 13 9.2 9.2 | 250 9 8.5 3.1 35 255 10668 205 16 6.8 14.5 | 216 10 6.0 8.4 36 250 10800 210 20 10.0 17.3 | 219 15 9.3 11.3 37 201 12192 215 33 18.9 27.0 | 221 28 18.2 21.0 38 200 12230 220 27 17.4 20.7 | 229 22 16.6 14.6 39 189 12586 225 26 18.4 18.4 | 235 22 17.7 12.3 40 174 13106 225 18 12.7 12.7 | 241 14 12.0 6.7 41 166 13411 220 24 15.4 18.4 | 230 19 14.7 12.3 42 158 13716 230 25 19.2 16.1 | 241 21 18.4 10.0 43 150 14021 205 8 3.4 7.3 | 246 3 2.6 1.2 44 150 14040 180 9 0.0 9.0 | 166 3 -0.7 2.9 45 143 14326 180 10 0.0 10.0 | 169 4 -0.7 3.9 46 130 14935 210 24 12.0 20.8 | 217 19 11.3 14.7 47 124 15240 225 9 6.4 6.4 | 267 6 5.6 0.3 48 118 15545 235 11 9.0 6.3 | 268 8 8.3 0.2 49 112 15850 215 10 5.7 8.2 | 247 5 5.0 2.1 50 107 16154 140 10 -6.4 7.7 | 103 7 -7.2 1.6 51 102 16459 150 14 -7.0 12.1 | 128 10 -7.7 6.1 52 100 16560 235 12 9.8 6.9 | 265 9 9.1 0.8 53 97 16764 230 12 9.2 7.7 | 259 9 8.5 1.7 54 92 17069 265 11 11.0 1.0 | 297 11 10.2 -5.1 55 76 18288 95 7 -7.0 0.6 | 55 9 -7.7 -5.5 56 70 18760 95 3 -3.0 0.3 | 33 7 -3.7 -5.8 57 65 19202 60 1 -0.9 -0.5 | 14 7 -1.6 -6.6 58 59 19812 30 10 -5.0 -8.7 | 21 16 -5.7 -14.7 59 50 20850 80 9 -8.9 -1.6 | 52 12 -9.6 -7.6 60 46 21336 75 8 -7.7 -2.1 | 46 12 -8.5 -8.1 61 44 21641 85 13 -13.0 -1.1 | 62 15 -13.7 -7.2 62 42 21946 130 10 -7.7 6.4 | 92 8 -8.4 0.4 63 31 23774 305 10 8.2 -5.7 | 328 14 7.5 -11.8 64 30 24079 345 10 2.6 -9.7 | 353 16 1.9 -15.7 65 30 24080 340 10 3.4 -9.4 | 350 16 2.7 -15.5 66 29 24384 335 9 3.8 -8.2 | 348 15 3.1 -14.2 67 27 24689 350 16 2.8 -15.8 | 355 22 2.0 -21.8 68 26 24994 30 10 -5.0 -8.7 | 21 16 -5.7 -14.7 69 21 26518 230 10 7.7 6.4 | 267 7 6.9 0.4 70 20 26710 55 3 -2.5 -1.7 | 22 8 -3.2 -7.8 71 18 27432 180 6 0.0 6.0 | 85 1 -0.7 -0.1 72 16 28346 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 7 6 -0.7 -6.1 73 14 28956 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 7 6 -0.7 -6.1 74 12 29870 10 11 -1.9 -10.8 | 9 17 -2.6 -16.9 75 10 31320 90 7 -7.0 0.0 | 52 10 -7.7 -6.1 76 7 33750 155 10 -4.2 9.1 | 121 6 -5.0 3.0 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 156.9 at 8.1 knts Storm direction: 186.9 at 6.1 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 2.9 neg: 0.9 tot: 3.8 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 173.8 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 67.8 neg: -13.5 tot: 54.3 m^2/s^2 ave: 18.1 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.50 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 7.7 stream: 3.9 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.07 Bulk Rich Number: 6.03 Bulk Shear: 36.52 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 294 10 321 13| 4.5 0.0 4.5| 17.8 -1.2 16.5 33.1 0.67| 7.3 4.9 1000 304 7 332 12| 6.3 0.0 6.3| 43.4 -1.2 42.2 42.2 0.80| 9.1 7.3 1500 309 6 339 10| 4.4 0.0 4.4| 49.0 -4.6 44.4 29.6 0.64| 8.1 5.2 2000 304 5 339 9| 3.8 0.0 3.8| 53.2 -5.5 47.6 23.8 0.63| 7.7 4.8 2500 212 6 295 3| 3.0 1.1 4.1| 55.7 -10.3 45.4 18.2 0.50| 7.6 3.8 3000 155 7 91 4| 2.9 0.9 3.8| 67.8 -13.5 54.3 18.1 0.50| 7.7 3.9 4000 146 8 98 5| 1.8 1.0 2.8| 72.1 -27.4 44.7 11.2 0.34| 7.3 2.5 5000 147 8 96 5| 0.9 0.8 1.7| 72.1 -40.7 31.3 6.3 0.11| 7.5 0.8 6000 157 8 110 4| 1.0 1.0 2.0| 78.1 -45.6 32.6 5.4 0.07| 7.6 0.5 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KMFR/skewt/KMFR.skewt.20250905.00.gif