UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025090700.upa.cvt Date: 0000Z 7 SEP 25 Searching for KMFR... Searching the city database file for: KMFR ... Date:0000Z 7 SEP 25 Station: KMFR WMO ident: 72597 Latitude: 42.37 Longitude: -122.87 Elevation: 405.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 71 SFC 964 405 30.8 9.8 27 21.0 17.5 310 12 307.2 308.6 292.0 331.2 7.91 2 962 423 29.6 9.6 29 20.0 17.0 310 12 306.1 307.6 291.6 329.8 7.82 3 925 764 26.2 9.2 34 17.0 15.6 310 13 306.1 307.6 291.7 330.0 7.91 4 891 1092 23.0 8.0 38 15.0 13.8 299 11 306.1 307.5 291.5 329.0 7.57 5 850 1500 20.0 7.0 43 13.0 12.1 305 4 307.1 308.5 291.6 329.6 7.41 6 813 1881 16.6 6.6 52 10.0 10.6 247 7 307.4 308.8 291.8 330.4 7.54 7 782 2211 14.6 2.6 44 12.0 7.9 223 9 308.7 309.8 290.8 326.9 5.91 8 700 3134 6.0 2.0 75 4.0 3.8 160 9 309.1 310.3 291.3 328.6 6.33 9 680 3371 4.0 0.7 79 3.3 2.2 165 10 309.5 310.6 291.1 327.8 5.93 10 667 3528 2.8 -0.5 79 3.3 1.1 173 13 309.8 310.9 290.9 327.0 5.54 11 666 3540 2.6 -1.1 77 3.7 0.7 174 13 309.7 310.7 290.6 326.2 5.30 12 664 3564 2.6 -3.4 65 6.0 -0.3 175 14 310.0 310.9 290.0 324.0 4.48 13 658 3638 2.2 -3.8 64 6.0 -0.7 178 15 310.4 311.2 290.0 324.1 4.39 14 638 3886 0.0 -4.5 72 4.5 -2.1 182 17 310.6 311.4 290.0 324.1 4.29 15 630 3987 -0.5 -6.5 64 6.0 -3.2 183 18 311.2 311.9 289.6 323.0 3.73 16 597 4415 -4.3 -8.8 71 4.5 -6.2 189 19 311.6 312.2 289.4 322.1 3.29 17 592 4481 -4.9 -7.2 84 2.3 -5.9 191 19 311.6 312.4 289.8 323.6 3.76 18 584 4588 -5.7 -7.2 89 1.5 -6.4 195 19 311.9 312.6 290.0 324.0 3.81 19 581 4629 -5.9 -8.6 81 2.7 -7.0 194 19 312.1 312.8 289.7 323.1 3.44 20 562 4889 -7.9 -9.4 89 1.5 -8.5 190 15 312.8 313.4 289.8 323.4 3.34 21 554 5000 -8.9 -8.9 100 0.0 -8.9 187 15 312.9 313.5 290.0 324.1 3.52 22 536 5256 -9.9 -9.9 100 0.0 -9.9 182 17 314.6 315.3 290.4 325.5 3.36 23 508 5669 -12.1 -12.3 98 0.2 -12.2 196 21 316.8 317.4 290.7 326.4 2.93 24 502 5760 -12.9 -13.7 94 0.8 -13.2 199 22 316.9 317.5 290.5 325.6 2.64 25 500 5790 -13.3 -15.3 85 2.0 -14.0 200 22 316.8 317.3 290.1 324.5 2.33 26 497 5836 -13.9 -18.0 71 4.1 -15.2 199 22 316.6 317.0 289.6 322.9 1.87 27 495 5867 -14.1 -18.3 70 4.2 -15.4 198 22 316.8 317.1 289.6 322.8 1.83 28 491 5928 -14.3 -17.8 75 3.5 -15.4 196 21 317.2 317.6 289.9 323.7 1.92 29 489 5959 -14.7 -18.5 73 3.8 -15.9 195 21 317.1 317.5 289.8 323.2 1.82 30 488 5975 -15.1 -21.1 60 6.0 -16.7 194 21 316.8 317.1 289.3 321.7 1.46 31 483 6053 -15.3 -21.3 60 6.0 -17.0 192 20 317.5 317.8 289.5 322.4 1.44 32 479 6116 -15.7 -25.7 42 10.0 -18.1 191 20 317.8 318.0 289.1 321.2 0.98 33 477 6147 -15.3 -20.2 66 4.9 -16.7 193 21 318.6 319.0 290.0 324.1 1.61 34 469 6275 -16.1 -23.1 55 7.0 -17.9 201 23 319.2 319.4 289.8 323.6 1.27 35 467 6308 -16.5 -27.5 38 11.0 -19.0 203 23 319.1 319.3 289.4 322.1 0.86 36 466 6324 -16.5 -28.5 35 12.0 -19.1 205 24 319.3 319.4 289.3 322.0 0.78 37 460 6421 -16.7 -27.7 38 11.0 -19.2 210 25 320.2 320.4 289.8 323.2 0.85 38 455 6504 -17.1 -33.1 24 16.0 -20.1 211 25 320.7 320.8 289.5 322.6 0.52 39 453 6537 -17.1 -31.1 29 14.0 -20.0 211 25 321.1 321.3 289.8 323.4 0.63 40 452 6553 -17.5 -35.5 19 18.0 -20.7 211 25 320.8 320.9 289.5 322.3 0.41 41 437 6806 -19.1 -45.1 8 26.0 -22.5 213 26 321.9 321.9 289.5 322.5 0.16 42 419 7118 -21.1 -38.1 20 17.0 -23.7 213 28 323.2 323.3 290.1 324.5 0.34 43 412 7243 -22.1 -31.1 44 9.0 -23.8 210 29 323.5 323.7 290.6 326.0 0.69 44 408 7315 -22.7 -36.7 27 14.0 -24.9 208 29 323.6 323.7 290.3 325.1 0.40 45 405 7369 -23.1 -35.1 32 12.0 -25.1 207 29 323.8 323.9 290.5 325.6 0.48 46 400 7460 -23.7 -37.7 26 14.0 -25.8 205 30 324.2 324.3 290.5 325.6 0.37 47 396 7533 -24.1 -39.1 24 15.0 -26.2 205 30 324.6 324.7 290.5 325.8 0.33 48 392 7607 -24.7 -36.7 32 12.0 -26.5 205 30 324.8 324.8 290.6 326.3 0.42 49 390 7644 -24.9 -38.9 26 14.0 -26.8 205 30 325.0 325.0 290.6 326.2 0.34 50 384 7756 -25.9 -36.9 35 11.0 -27.5 204 31 325.1 325.2 290.7 326.7 0.42 51 381 7813 -26.1 -42.1 21 16.0 -28.0 204 31 325.6 325.6 290.7 326.5 0.25 52 373 7966 -26.9 -37.9 35 11.0 -28.4 203 32 326.5 326.6 291.1 327.9 0.39 53 371 8004 -27.1 -34.1 51 7.0 -28.2 203 32 326.7 326.8 291.4 328.8 0.57 54 370 8024 -27.3 -35.3 47 8.0 -28.5 203 33 326.7 326.8 291.3 328.6 0.51 55 367 8082 -27.9 -32.9 62 5.0 -28.7 203 33 326.7 326.8 291.5 329.1 0.65 56 300 9490 -40.3 -42.2 82 1.9 -40.5 200 26 328.6 328.6 291.6 329.7 0.31 57 250 10710 -50.1 -56.1 49 6.0 -50.3 195 27 331.6 331.6 292.2 331.9 0.08 58 231 11225 -52.3 -62.3 29 10.0 -52.5 200 28 335.8 335.8 293.3 336.0 0.04 59 200 12160 -51.3 -74.3 5 23.0 -51.7 215 28 351.5 351.5 297.0 351.6 0.01 60 150 14000 -56.1 -81.1 3 25.0 -56.4 235 25 373.4 373.4 301.2 373.4 0.00 61 100 16550 -59.9 -85.9 2 26.0 -60.2 225 9 412.0 412.0 306.7 412.0 0.00 62 81 17857 -62.3 -87.3 2 25.0 -62.6 218 9 432.7 432.7 309.1 432.7 0.00 63 71 18672 -61.5 -88.5 2 27.0 -61.9 179 11 451.0 451.0 311.0 451.0 0.00 64 70 18760 -60.5 -88.5 1 28.0 -60.9 195 11 455.0 455.0 311.3 455.0 0.00 65 68 18941 -59.3 -87.3 1 28.0 -59.7 211 10 461.3 461.3 311.9 461.3 0.00 66 60 19721 -61.5 -88.5 2 27.0 -61.9 152 8 473.2 473.2 312.9 473.2 0.00 67 50 20860 -58.5 -87.5 1 29.0 -59.2 70 1 505.6 505.6 315.4 505.6 0.00 68 47 21249 -59.1 -88.1 1 29.0 -59.8 4 3 513.2 513.2 315.8 513.2 0.00 69 46 21385 -57.5 -87.5 1 30.0 -58.3 350 4 520.2 520.2 316.3 520.3 0.00 70 44 21665 -58.5 -87.5 1 29.0 -59.3 352 3 524.4 524.5 316.6 524.5 0.00 71 42 21959 -57.1 -87.1 1 30.0 -58.0 353 3 534.9 534.9 317.2 535.0 0.00 72 40 22267 -58.3 -87.3 1 29.0 -59.2 355 2 539.4 539.4 317.5 539.5 0.00 73 37 22763 -53.7 -86.7 1 33.0 -55.2 358 1 563.4 563.4 318.8 563.5 0.01 74 33 23497 -55.3 -86.3 1 31.0 -56.7 56 3 577.9 577.9 319.6 578.0 0.01 75 32 23694 -54.9 -86.9 1 32.0 -56.4 88 5 584.1 584.1 319.9 584.1 0.01 76 31 23898 -52.7 -85.7 1 33.0 -54.6 121 6 595.4 595.4 320.4 595.4 0.01 77 31 23898 -52.7 -85.7 1 33.0 -54.6 121 6 595.4 595.4 320.4 595.4 0.01 78 30 24110 -52.1 -85.1 1 33.0 -54.2 155 8 602.6 602.6 320.7 602.7 0.01 79 27 24789 -52.7 -85.7 1 33.0 -54.9 153 9 619.4 619.4 321.5 619.4 0.01 80 23 25829 -49.7 -84.7 1 35.0 -52.9 173 11 657.2 657.2 323.0 657.3 0.01 81 21 26422 -50.3 -84.3 1 34.0 -53.6 152 9 672.8 672.8 323.5 672.9 0.02 82 20 26740 -49.5 -84.5 1 35.0 -53.1 200 8 684.7 684.7 323.9 684.8 0.02 83 15 28642 -45.9 -82.9 1 37.0 -51.7 76 6 755.3 755.4 326.1 755.6 0.03 84 14 29101 -46.3 -83.3 1 37.0 -52.1 33 4 769.0 769.0 326.4 769.3 0.03 85 13 29598 -43.1 -82.1 1 39.0 -50.7 17 7 796.6 796.6 327.1 796.9 0.04 86 11 30726 -42.3 -82.3 0 40.0 -51.0 104 14 838.5 838.5 328.1 838.9 0.04 87 10 31370 -43.1 -83.1 0 40.0 -51.8 120 11 858.7 858.7 328.6 859.0 0.04 88 8.9 32155 -43.3 -83.3 0 40.0 -52.4 118 12 887.0 887.0 329.2 887.4 0.04 89 7.7 33138 -40.1 -81.1 0 41.0 -51.6 116 13 937.4 937.4 330.1 938.2 0.07 90 7.5 33317 -40.5 -81.5 0 41.0 -51.9 116 13 942.8 942.9 330.2 943.6 0.07 91 7.0 33790 -37.9 -79.9 0 42.0 -51.2 115 14 972.4 972.4 330.7 973.5 0.10 92 6.8 33990 -36.5 -79.5 0 43.0 -50.8 986.3 986.4 330.9 987.5 0.11 93 5.9 34978 -34.7 -77.7 0 43.0 -51.0 1035.0 1035.1 331.8 1037.0 0.16 94 5.8 35098 -34.9 -77.9 0 43.0 -51.1 1039.2 1039.3 331.8 1041.2 0.16 TRP 231 11225 -52.3 -62.3 29 10.0 -52.5 200 28 335.8 335.8 293.3 336.0 0.04 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5719.00 m Freezing level: 638.00 mb = 3886.12 m = 12749.57 ft Wetbulb zero: 664.63 mb = 3556.41 m = 11667.86 ft Precipitable water: 1.11 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 65.48 % Est. max temperature: 31.06 C = 87.91 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 709.81 mb = 3018.08 m = 9901.72 ft T: 7.08 C 700-500 lapse rate: 7.27 C/km ThetaE index: 3.46 C Layer 782.0- 700.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 684.61 mb = 3315.61 m = 10877.86 ft Mean mixing ratio: 7.73 g/kg Conv temperature: 33.01 C = 91.43 F Cap Strength: 2.61 C Lifted Index: -1.89 C Risk: Thunderstorms probable Lifted Index @300 mb: 0.23 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 1.82 C Showalter Index: -1.89 C Risk: Thunderstorms probable Total Totals Index: 53.60 C Risk: Scattered heavy thunderstorms Vertical Totals Index: 33.30 C Cross Totals Index: 20.30 C K Index: 36.30 Risk: > 80 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 206.00 Risk: None Energy Index: -1.03 Risk: Scattered severe thunderstorms Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 176.46 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 18.79 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 136.84 J/kg Cap Strength: 2.61 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 715.66 mb = 2949.68 m = 9677.31 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 630.66 mb = 3978.82 m = 13053.71 ft Equ Level (EL): 380.66 mb = 7819.22 m = 25653.31 ft B at Equ Level: 175.68 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 230.66 mb = 11234.08 m = 36856.78 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 230 at 10 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 964 405 310 12 9.2 -7.7 | 354 14 1.5 -14.1 1 942 610 315 13 9.2 -9.2 | 355 16 1.5 -15.6 2 925 764 310 13 10.0 -8.4 | 351 15 2.2 -14.8 3 909 914 305 14 11.5 -8.0 | 345 15 3.7 -14.5 4 878 1219 295 8 7.3 -3.4 | 3 10 -0.5 -9.8 5 850 1500 305 4 3.3 -2.3 | 27 10 -4.4 -8.7 6 848 1524 15 1 -0.3 -1.0 | 47 11 -8.0 -7.4 7 817 1829 250 7 6.6 2.4 | 16 4 -1.1 -4.0 8 788 2134 230 10 7.7 6.4 | 97 0 -0.1 0.0 9 760 2438 200 5 1.7 4.7 | 74 6 -6.0 -1.7 10 733 2743 170 4 -0.7 3.9 | 74 9 -8.4 -2.5 11 700 3134 160 9 -3.1 8.5 | 101 11 -10.8 2.0 12 681 3353 165 10 -2.6 9.7 | 107 11 -10.3 3.2 13 655 3658 180 16 0.0 16.0 | 141 12 -7.7 9.6 14 606 4267 185 19 1.7 18.9 | 154 14 -6.1 12.5 15 583 4572 195 19 4.9 18.4 | 167 12 -2.8 11.9 16 561 4877 190 15 2.6 14.8 | 148 10 -5.1 8.4 17 540 5182 180 16 0.0 16.0 | 141 12 -7.7 9.6 18 500 5790 200 22 7.5 20.7 | 179 14 -0.2 14.3 19 500 5791 200 22 7.5 20.7 | 179 14 -0.2 14.3 20 480 6096 190 20 3.5 19.7 | 162 14 -4.3 13.3 21 461 6401 210 25 12.5 21.7 | 197 16 4.8 15.2 22 425 7010 215 27 15.5 22.1 | 206 18 7.8 15.7 23 400 7460 205 30 12.7 27.2 | 193 21 5.0 20.8 24 391 7620 205 30 12.7 27.2 | 193 21 5.0 20.8 25 344 8534 200 36 12.3 33.8 | 190 28 4.6 27.4 26 315 9144 200 27 9.2 25.4 | 185 19 1.5 19.0 27 300 9490 200 26 8.9 24.4 | 184 18 1.2 18.0 28 252 10668 190 23 4.0 22.7 | 167 17 -3.7 16.2 29 250 10710 195 27 7.0 26.1 | 178 20 -0.7 19.7 30 231 11225 200 28 9.6 26.3 | 185 20 1.9 19.9 31 200 12160 215 28 16.1 22.9 | 207 19 8.3 16.5 32 199 12192 210 29 14.5 25.1 | 200 20 6.8 18.7 33 190 12497 225 26 18.4 18.4 | 222 16 10.7 12.0 34 164 13411 225 32 22.6 22.6 | 223 22 14.9 16.2 35 150 14000 235 25 20.5 14.3 | 238 15 12.8 7.9 36 150 14021 245 27 24.5 11.4 | 253 17 16.7 5.0 37 142 14326 230 27 20.7 17.4 | 230 17 13.0 10.9 38 129 14935 240 22 19.1 11.0 | 248 12 11.3 4.6 39 123 15240 225 17 12.0 12.0 | 217 7 4.3 5.6 40 106 16154 255 12 11.6 3.1 | 311 5 3.9 -3.3 41 100 16550 225 9 6.4 6.4 | 88 1 -1.4 -0.1 42 97 16764 225 10 7.1 7.1 | 135 1 -0.7 0.7 43 92 17069 230 15 11.5 9.6 | 229 5 3.8 3.2 44 88 17374 255 11 10.6 2.8 | 321 5 2.9 -3.6 45 83 17678 240 11 9.5 5.5 | 297 2 1.8 -0.9 46 76 18288 165 4 -1.0 3.9 | 74 9 -8.8 -2.6 47 72 18593 165 11 -2.8 10.6 | 112 11 -10.6 4.2 48 70 18760 195 11 2.8 10.6 | 131 6 -4.9 4.2 49 68 18898 215 10 5.7 8.2 | 132 3 -2.0 1.8 50 65 19202 190 11 1.9 10.8 | 127 7 -5.8 4.4 51 50 20860 70 1 -0.9 -0.3 | 52 11 -8.7 -6.8 52 46 21336 350 4 0.7 -3.9 | 34 13 -7.0 -10.4 53 35 23165 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 50 10 -7.7 -6.4 54 30 24110 155 8 -3.4 7.3 | 94 11 -11.1 0.8 55 29 24384 150 7 -3.5 6.1 | 88 11 -11.2 -0.4 56 26 24994 155 10 -4.2 9.1 | 102 12 -12.0 2.6 57 25 25298 185 10 0.9 10.0 | 117 8 -6.9 3.5 58 24 25603 205 11 4.6 10.0 | 139 5 -3.1 3.5 59 22 26213 120 10 -8.7 5.0 | 85 16 -16.4 -1.4 60 20 26740 200 8 2.7 7.5 | 102 5 -5.0 1.1 61 20 26822 195 16 4.1 15.5 | 158 10 -3.6 9.0 62 19 27127 215 14 8.0 11.5 | 183 5 0.3 5.0 63 18 27432 190 12 2.1 11.8 | 134 8 -5.6 5.4 64 14 29261 20 3 -1.0 -2.8 | 43 13 -8.8 -9.2 65 13 29870 15 10 -2.6 -9.7 | 33 19 -10.3 -16.1 66 12 30175 90 16 -16.0 0.0 | 75 25 -23.7 -6.4 67 10 31370 120 11 -9.5 5.5 | 87 17 -17.3 -0.9 68 7 33790 115 14 -12.7 5.9 | 89 20 -20.4 -0.5 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 200.3 at 13.4 knts Storm direction: 230.3 at 10.0 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 0.9 neg: 3.0 tot: 3.8 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 119.2 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 45.9 neg: -20.3 tot: 25.6 m^2/s^2 ave: 8.5 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.23 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 7.8 stream: 1.8 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.03 Bulk Rich Number: 2.84 Bulk Shear: 62.13 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 311 13 352 15| 0.0 2.3 2.3| 0.6 -9.2 -8.7 -17.3 -0.55| 4.1 -2.2 1000 307 11 355 13| 0.0 3.5 3.5| 18.4 -9.2 9.2 9.2 0.31| 6.7 2.1 1500 301 9 0 11| 0.0 3.8 3.8| 27.8 -18.7 9.1 6.1 0.13| 9.0 1.2 2000 285 9 355 9| 0.0 3.8 3.8| 28.0 -19.8 8.2 4.1 0.11| 9.1 1.0 2500 276 8 358 7| 0.0 3.6 3.6| 32.6 -20.3 12.3 4.9 0.14| 8.3 1.1 3000 256 8 358 4| 0.9 3.0 3.8| 45.9 -20.3 25.6 8.5 0.23| 7.8 1.8 4000 212 10 136 3| 1.8 2.2 4.0| 78.0 -20.3 57.6 14.4 0.36| 7.2 2.6 5000 202 12 143 6| 1.4 1.8 3.2| 91.2 -32.5 58.7 11.7 0.30| 6.9 2.1 6000 200 13 153 7| 1.9 1.5 3.4|145.2 -46.3 98.9 16.5 0.36| 7.3 2.6 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KMFR/skewt/KMFR.skewt.20250907.00.gif