UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025011100.upa.cvt Date: 0000Z 11 JAN 25 Searching for KMFR... Searching the city database file for: KMFR ... Date:0000Z 11 JAN 25 Station: KMFR WMO ident: 72597 Latitude: 42.37 Longitude: -122.87 Elevation: 405.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 243 SFC 981 405 5.8 4.1 89 1.7 5.0 0 0 280.5 281.4 279.0 294.9 5.23 2 979 422 5.4 5.0 97 0.4 5.2 357 0 280.2 281.2 279.4 295.6 5.59 3 960 580 4.2 4.1 99 0.1 4.1 330 3 280.6 281.5 279.2 295.3 5.35 4 944 715 4.4 4.4 100 0.0 4.4 315 7 282.2 283.1 280.3 297.5 5.55 5 928 854 6.2 5.0 92 1.2 5.6 302 13 285.4 286.4 282.1 301.9 5.90 6 925 880 5.8 4.8 93 1.0 5.3 300 14 285.2 286.3 282.0 301.6 5.83 7 895 1149 4.2 4.2 100 0.0 4.2 313 16 286.3 287.3 282.4 302.6 5.78 8 850 1568 2.0 2.0 100 0.0 2.0 325 14 288.2 289.2 282.6 303.0 5.20 9 790 2155 -1.5 -1.9 97 0.4 -1.7 320 16 290.6 291.3 282.5 302.8 4.21 10 774 2318 -3.1 -4.0 93 0.9 -3.5 317 17 290.6 291.2 281.9 301.3 3.67 11 770 2359 -3.3 -3.4 99 0.1 -3.3 316 17 290.8 291.5 282.2 302.0 3.86 12 756 2504 -4.3 -4.6 98 0.3 -4.4 312 18 291.2 291.9 282.1 301.8 3.59 13 754 2524 -4.5 -4.7 99 0.2 -4.6 311 18 291.2 291.9 282.1 301.7 3.57 14 745 2619 -4.5 -4.5 100 0.0 -4.5 306 19 292.2 292.9 282.6 303.0 3.67 15 701 3095 -8.7 -9.6 93 0.9 -9.0 285 20 292.7 293.2 281.5 300.6 2.63 16 700 3106 -8.7 -9.7 92 1.0 -9.1 285 20 292.9 293.3 281.6 300.7 2.61 17 688 3239 -9.9 -11.9 85 2.0 -10.5 283 25 293.0 293.4 281.2 299.7 2.23 18 684 3284 -10.1 -14.6 70 4.5 -11.4 282 26 293.2 293.6 280.8 298.7 1.80 19 683 3295 -10.1 -15.1 67 5.0 -11.6 282 27 293.4 293.7 280.7 298.6 1.73 20 682 3307 -9.9 -17.9 52 8.0 -12.1 281 27 293.7 293.9 280.4 297.9 1.37 21 679 3341 -9.7 -25.7 26 16.0 -13.2 281 28 294.3 294.4 279.8 296.5 0.69 22 676 3375 -9.7 -29.7 18 20.0 -13.6 280 30 294.7 294.8 279.7 296.2 0.48 23 674 3397 -8.9 -40.9 6 32.0 -13.7 280 30 295.8 295.8 279.7 296.4 0.16 24 670 3444 -8.1 -50.1 2 42.0 -13.3 279 32 297.2 297.2 280.2 297.4 0.06 25 667 3478 -7.9 -43.9 4 36.0 -13.1 278 33 297.8 297.8 280.6 298.2 0.12 26 658 3583 -8.3 -40.3 6 32.0 -13.3 276 37 298.5 298.6 281.0 299.1 0.17 27 639 3810 -8.7 -44.7 4 36.0 -13.9 279 43 300.6 300.6 281.7 301.0 0.11 28 613 4130 -10.5 -47.5 3 37.0 -15.3 286 51 302.1 302.1 282.4 302.4 0.09 29 594 4372 -9.5 -53.5 1 44.0 -14.8 290 55 306.0 306.0 283.8 306.2 0.04 30 574 4636 -10.3 -54.3 1 44.0 -15.5 290 58 308.1 308.1 284.7 308.2 0.04 31 534 5186 -14.9 -56.9 1 42.0 -19.0 294 65 309.0 309.0 285.0 309.1 0.03 32 505 5606 -17.1 -51.1 3 34.0 -20.8 299 70 311.3 311.3 285.9 311.6 0.07 33 500 5680 -17.7 -50.7 4 33.0 -21.2 300 71 311.5 311.5 285.9 311.7 0.07 34 459 6314 -22.9 -52.9 5 30.0 -25.5 297 76 312.7 312.7 286.4 312.9 0.06 35 400 7310 -29.9 -58.9 4 29.0 -31.6 285 83 316.1 316.1 287.5 316.3 0.03 36 391 7472 -31.1 -59.1 5 28.0 -32.7 285 85 316.6 316.6 287.7 316.8 0.03 37 357 8112 -34.9 -60.9 5 26.0 -36.1 281 88 319.9 319.9 288.7 320.0 0.03 38 356 8132 -34.9 -60.9 5 26.0 -36.1 281 88 320.1 320.1 288.8 320.2 0.03 39 348 8291 -33.7 -59.7 6 26.0 -35.1 280 90 323.8 323.8 290.0 324.0 0.04 40 346 8332 -33.7 -57.7 7 24.0 -35.1 280 92 324.4 324.4 290.2 324.6 0.05 41 327 8726 -35.9 -55.9 11 20.0 -37.0 280 110 326.6 326.6 290.8 326.9 0.06 42 305 9207 -39.5 -53.5 21 14.0 -40.2 280 121 328.1 328.2 291.3 328.5 0.09 43 300 9320 -40.7 -54.7 21 14.0 -41.4 280 124 328.0 328.0 291.2 328.3 0.08 44 281 9762 -44.3 -59.3 17 15.0 -44.8 280 119 329.0 329.0 291.5 329.2 0.05 45 274 9931 -44.9 -60.9 15 16.0 -45.4 280 116 330.5 330.5 291.9 330.7 0.04 46 271 10005 -44.7 -62.7 12 18.0 -45.3 280 115 331.9 331.9 292.3 332.0 0.03 47 264 10179 -45.5 -64.5 10 19.0 -46.0 280 115 333.2 333.2 292.6 333.3 0.02 48 250 10540 -49.1 -65.1 14 16.0 -49.5 280 118 333.1 333.1 292.6 333.2 0.02 49 235 10942 -52.9 -64.9 22 12.0 -53.1 280 125 333.3 333.3 292.6 333.4 0.03 50 232 11025 -53.3 -66.8 18 13.5 -53.5 280 126 333.9 333.9 292.8 334.0 0.02 51 229 11109 -53.7 -68.7 14 15.0 -53.9 280 124 334.5 334.5 292.9 334.6 0.02 52 226 11193 -53.9 -67.9 16 14.0 -54.1 280 122 335.5 335.5 293.2 335.6 0.02 53 216 11485 -51.7 -73.7 5 22.0 -52.1 280 117 343.3 343.3 295.1 343.3 0.01 54 200 11980 -54.9 -75.9 6 21.0 -55.2 280 95 345.8 345.8 295.7 345.9 0.01 55 198 12044 -55.3 -76.3 6 21.0 -55.6 280 94 346.2 346.2 295.8 346.2 0.01 56 181 12620 -53.3 -80.3 2 27.0 -53.7 275 96 358.5 358.5 298.4 358.5 0.00 57 157 13529 -56.7 -82.7 2 26.0 -57.0 275 79 367.6 367.6 300.1 367.6 0.00 58 153 13694 -54.9 -82.9 2 28.0 -55.3 275 76 373.4 373.4 301.1 373.4 0.00 59 150 13820 -55.5 -83.5 2 28.0 -55.8 275 74 374.5 374.5 301.4 374.5 0.00 60 123 15064 -61.5 -85.5 3 24.0 -61.7 284 58 385.4 385.4 303.1 385.4 0.00 61 100 16340 -63.1 -87.1 3 24.0 -63.3 270 49 405.8 405.8 306.0 405.8 0.00 62 95 16654 -65.1 -87.1 3 22.0 -65.3 270 53 407.9 407.9 306.2 407.9 0.00 63 89 17051 -65.5 -87.5 3 22.0 -65.7 270 61 414.8 414.8 307.1 414.8 0.00 64 82 17550 -64.1 -88.1 2 24.0 -64.3 276 46 427.5 427.5 308.6 427.5 0.00 65 79 17780 -61.1 -87.1 2 26.0 -61.4 265 39 438.2 438.2 309.7 438.3 0.00 66 76 18020 -60.7 -86.7 2 26.0 -61.0 256 34 444.0 444.0 310.3 444.0 0.00 67 70 18530 -62.1 -87.1 2 25.0 -62.4 270 23 451.5 451.5 311.0 451.5 0.00 68 60 19475 -65.7 -88.7 3 23.0 -66.0 288 27 463.8 463.8 312.1 463.8 0.00 69 59 19578 -63.7 -88.7 2 25.0 -64.0 288 27 470.6 470.6 312.7 470.6 0.00 70 56 19900 -61.3 -88.3 2 27.0 -61.7 280 30 483.1 483.1 313.7 483.1 0.00 71 51 20478 -63.5 -88.5 2 25.0 -63.8 309 13 491.1 491.1 314.3 491.1 0.00 72 50 20600 -62.1 -88.1 2 26.0 -62.6 320 7 497.1 497.1 314.8 497.2 0.00 73 46 21110 -66.1 -89.1 3 23.0 -66.4 302 5 499.5 499.5 314.9 499.5 0.00 74 45 21244 -65.7 -89.7 2 24.0 -66.0 298 6 503.6 503.6 315.2 503.6 0.00 75 44 21381 -62.9 -88.9 2 26.0 -63.4 301 8 513.7 513.7 315.9 513.7 0.00 76 43 21522 -63.3 -89.3 2 26.0 -63.7 315 9 516.1 516.1 316.1 516.1 0.00 77 42 21668 -60.7 -88.7 1 28.0 -61.3 316 10 526.0 526.0 316.7 526.0 0.00 78 42 21668 -60.1 -88.1 1 28.0 -60.7 316 10 527.5 527.5 316.8 527.5 0.00 79 41 21818 -60.9 -87.9 2 27.0 -61.5 284 11 529.2 529.2 316.9 529.2 0.00 80 36 22630 -58.9 -86.9 2 28.0 -59.8 334 16 554.4 554.4 318.3 554.4 0.01 81 31 23565 -60.1 -88.1 1 28.0 -61.0 38 10 575.4 575.4 319.5 575.4 0.01 82 30 23770 -59.1 -87.1 1 28.0 -60.1 150 5 583.5 583.5 319.8 583.6 0.01 83 28 24203 -57.7 -86.7 1 29.0 -59.0 92 6 599.0 599.0 320.6 599.1 0.01 84 20 26310 -60.1 -88.1 1 28.0 -61.4 290 20 652.2 652.2 322.7 652.3 0.01 85 19 26629 -60.7 -88.7 1 28.0 -62.0 276 19 660.0 660.0 323.0 660.0 0.01 86 18 26965 -59.5 -87.5 1 28.0 -61.0 274 17 674.1 674.1 323.6 674.1 0.01 87 16 27695 -61.9 -88.9 2 27.0 -63.2 291 20 689.3 689.3 324.1 689.4 0.01 88 15 28095 -60.9 -88.9 1 28.0 -62.4 278 25 705.5 705.5 324.6 705.5 0.01 89 14 28521 -62.3 -89.3 2 27.0 -63.7 271 29 714.8 714.8 324.9 714.9 0.01 90 13 28979 -60.5 -88.5 1 28.0 -62.3 277 33 736.3 736.3 325.6 736.4 0.01 91 11 30009 -63.9 -89.9 2 26.0 -65.3 283 31 760.0 760.0 326.2 760.1 0.01 92 11 30009 -62.5 -89.5 1 27.0 -64.1 283 31 765.1 765.1 326.4 765.2 0.01 93 10 30600 -59.9 -88.9 1 29.0 -62.2 275 37 796.0 796.0 327.1 796.1 0.01 94 9.9 30663 -58.9 -88.9 1 30.0 -61.5 275 38 802.0 802.0 327.3 802.1 0.01 95 9.1 31194 -57.7 -86.7 1 29.0 -60.8 279 43 826.2 826.2 327.8 826.4 0.02 96 8.6 31549 -60.5 -87.5 2 27.0 -63.0 281 46 828.7 828.7 327.9 828.9 0.02 97 7.3 32576 -58.3 -87.3 1 29.0 -61.7 288 56 877.5 877.5 329.0 877.7 0.03 98 7.2 32663 -59.1 -88.1 1 29.0 -62.3 289 57 877.6 877.7 329.0 877.9 0.02 99 7.0 32840 -58.1 -88.1 1 30.0 -61.7 290 59 888.9 888.9 329.2 889.1 0.02 100 6.9 32931 -57.7 -87.7 1 30.0 -61.4 894.2 894.2 329.3 894.4 0.03 101 6.5 33307 -58.9 -87.9 1 29.0 -62.4 904.5 904.6 329.5 904.8 0.03 TRP 226 11193 -53.9 -67.9 16 14.0 -54.1 280 122 335.5 335.5 293.2 335.6 0.02 WND 232 11025 -53.3 -66.8 18 13.5 -53.5 280 126 333.9 333.9 292.8 334.0 0.02 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5437.00 m Freezing level: 815.71 mb = 1903.45 m = 6244.83 ft Wetbulb zero: 817.30 mb = 1882.61 m = 6176.48 ft Precipitable water: 0.56 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 53.80 % Est. max temperature: 14.24 C = 57.63 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 955.67 mb = 616.28 m = 2021.88 ft T: 4.25 C 700-500 lapse rate: 3.50 C/km ThetaE index: 2.45 C Layer 701.0- 700.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 973.95 mb = 463.28 m = 1519.92 ft Mean mixing ratio: 5.65 g/kg Conv temperature: 5.66 C = 42.19 F Cap Strength: 11.59 C Lifted Index: 11.58 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 20.28 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 1.01 C Showalter Index: 9.17 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 39.40 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 19.70 C Cross Totals Index: 19.70 C K Index: 20.70 Risk: 20-40 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 123.00 Risk: None Energy Index: 1.79 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 32.13 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 8.02 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 56470.68 J/kg Cap Strength: 11.58 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 924.40 mb = 885.28 m = 2904.41 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 325 at 29 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 981 405 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 145 29 -16.4 23.8 1 956 610 325 3 1.7 -2.5 | 145 26 -14.7 21.4 2 925 880 300 14 12.1 -7.0 | 166 17 -4.3 16.8 3 921 914 305 14 11.5 -8.0 | 163 17 -5.0 15.8 4 887 1219 315 17 12.0 -12.0 | 160 13 -4.4 11.8 5 850 1568 325 14 8.0 -11.5 | 146 15 -8.4 12.4 6 822 1829 330 16 8.0 -13.9 | 140 13 -8.4 10.0 7 791 2134 320 16 10.3 -12.3 | 152 13 -6.1 11.6 8 762 2438 315 18 12.7 -12.7 | 162 12 -3.7 11.1 9 733 2743 300 19 16.5 -9.5 | 180 14 0.0 14.3 10 705 3048 285 20 19.3 -5.2 | 189 19 2.9 18.6 11 700 3106 285 20 19.3 -5.2 | 189 19 2.9 18.6 12 651 3658 275 40 39.8 -3.5 | 229 31 23.4 20.3 13 601 4267 290 54 50.7 -18.5 | 261 35 34.3 5.3 14 555 4877 290 61 57.3 -20.9 | 266 41 40.9 3.0 15 500 5680 300 71 61.5 -35.5 | 285 47 45.1 -11.7 16 472 6096 300 77 66.7 -38.5 | 286 52 50.3 -14.7 17 435 6706 290 74 69.5 -25.3 | 272 53 53.1 -1.5 18 400 7310 285 83 80.2 -21.5 | 268 64 63.8 2.3 19 383 7620 285 86 83.1 -22.3 | 269 67 66.6 1.6 20 351 8230 280 88 86.7 -15.3 | 263 71 70.2 8.5 21 321 8839 280 115 113.3 -20.0 | 268 97 96.8 3.8 22 308 9144 280 120 118.2 -20.8 | 268 102 101.8 3.0 23 300 9320 280 124 122.1 -21.5 | 269 106 105.7 2.3 24 294 9449 280 124 122.1 -21.5 | 269 106 105.7 2.3 25 269 10058 280 114 112.3 -19.8 | 268 96 95.8 4.0 26 250 10540 280 118 116.2 -20.5 | 268 100 99.8 3.3 27 232 11025 280 126 124.1 -21.9 | 269 108 107.7 1.9 28 226 11193 280 122 120.1 -21.2 | 269 104 103.7 2.6 29 223 11278 280 126 124.1 -21.9 | 269 108 107.7 1.9 30 200 11980 280 95 93.6 -16.5 | 265 77 77.1 7.3 31 193 12192 280 92 90.6 -16.0 | 264 75 74.2 7.8 32 184 12497 275 98 97.6 -8.5 | 259 83 81.2 15.3 33 150 13820 275 74 73.7 -6.4 | 253 60 57.3 17.4 34 145 14021 275 72 71.7 -6.3 | 252 58 55.3 17.5 35 138 14326 280 83 81.7 -14.4 | 262 66 65.3 9.4 36 125 14935 290 60 56.4 -20.5 | 265 40 40.0 3.3 37 119 15240 275 54 53.8 -4.7 | 243 42 37.4 19.1 38 114 15545 265 52 51.8 4.5 | 231 45 35.4 28.4 39 103 16154 275 57 56.8 -5.0 | 245 45 40.4 18.9 40 100 16340 270 49 49.0 -0.0 | 234 40 32.6 23.8 41 98 16459 270 49 49.0 -0.0 | 234 40 32.6 23.8 42 89 17069 270 61 61.0 -0.0 | 242 51 44.6 23.8 43 85 17374 285 51 49.3 -13.2 | 252 35 32.8 10.6 44 77 17983 255 34 32.8 8.8 | 207 37 16.4 32.6 45 73 18288 265 31 30.9 2.7 | 209 30 14.5 26.5 46 70 18530 270 23 23.0 -0.0 | 195 25 6.6 23.8 47 63 19202 265 23 22.9 2.0 | 194 27 6.5 25.8 48 60 19507 290 27 25.4 -9.2 | 212 17 9.0 14.6 49 54 20117 275 31 30.9 -2.7 | 214 26 14.5 21.1 50 50 20600 320 7 4.5 -5.4 | 147 22 -11.9 18.5 51 49 20726 315 10 7.1 -7.1 | 151 19 -9.3 16.7 52 47 21031 305 4 3.3 -2.3 | 149 25 -13.1 21.5 53 44 21336 295 7 6.3 -3.0 | 154 23 -10.1 20.9 54 42 21641 325 10 5.7 -8.2 | 146 19 -10.7 15.6 55 40 21946 260 12 11.8 2.1 | 170 26 -4.6 25.9 56 38 22250 255 13 12.6 3.4 | 172 27 -3.9 27.2 57 36 22555 335 16 6.8 -14.5 | 134 13 -9.7 9.3 58 35 22860 330 17 8.5 -14.7 | 139 12 -7.9 9.1 59 33 23165 30 16 -8.0 -13.9 | 112 26 -24.4 10.0 60 31 23470 345 12 3.1 -11.6 | 133 18 -13.3 12.2 61 30 23770 150 5 -2.5 4.3 | 146 34 -18.9 28.1 62 30 23774 350 10 1.7 -9.8 | 134 20 -14.7 14.0 63 29 24079 50 2 -1.5 -1.3 | 141 29 -18.0 22.5 64 27 24384 155 12 -5.1 10.9 | 148 41 -21.5 34.7 65 25 24994 255 20 19.3 5.2 | 186 29 2.9 29.0 66 24 25298 250 11 10.3 3.8 | 168 28 -6.1 27.6 67 22 25603 240 13 11.3 6.5 | 170 31 -5.2 30.3 68 21 25908 265 14 13.9 1.2 | 174 25 -2.5 25.0 69 20 26310 290 20 18.8 -6.8 | 188 17 2.4 17.0 70 19 26518 265 19 18.9 1.7 | 186 26 2.5 25.5 71 18 26822 295 20 18.1 -8.5 | 186 15 1.7 15.4 72 18 27127 250 13 12.2 4.4 | 172 29 -4.2 28.3 73 17 27432 295 17 15.4 -7.2 | 177 17 -1.0 16.6 74 16 27737 290 20 18.8 -6.8 | 188 17 2.4 17.0 75 14 28346 270 28 28.0 -0.0 | 206 26 11.6 23.8 76 13 28956 275 33 32.9 -2.9 | 218 27 16.5 20.9 77 12 29261 305 31 25.4 -17.8 | 236 11 9.0 6.0 78 11 29870 285 30 29.0 -7.8 | 218 20 12.6 16.1 79 10 30600 275 37 36.9 -3.2 | 225 29 20.4 20.6 80 7 32840 290 59 55.4 -20.2 | 265 39 39.0 3.6 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 295.4 at 38.6 knts Storm direction: 325.4 at 28.9 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 1.1 neg: 5.7 tot: 6.9 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 71.4 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 130.2 neg: -23.6 tot: 106.6 m^2/s^2 ave: 35.5 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.43 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 8.7 stream: 3.8 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.01 Bulk Rich Number: 0.23 Bulk Shear: 142.23 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 306 6 150 23| 0.0 14.4 14.4| 36.4 -3.4 33.0 66.0 0.43| 14.9 6.4 1000 311 11 154 19| 2.3 7.2 9.5| 36.4 -13.9 22.5 22.5 0.16| 10.7 1.7 1500 317 12 151 17| 2.2 4.8 7.0| 38.3 -23.6 14.6 9.7 0.05| 8.6 0.4 2000 318 13 151 16| 1.7 4.4 6.0| 51.3 -23.6 27.6 13.8 0.18| 7.5 1.3 2500 315 14 156 15| 1.3 4.4 5.7| 72.1 -23.6 48.5 19.4 0.30| 7.7 2.3 3000 307 16 165 15| 1.1 5.7 6.9|130.2 -23.6 106.6 35.5 0.43| 8.7 3.8 4000 295 23 199 15| 3.5 4.3 7.8|334.4 -23.6 310.8 77.7 0.58| 10.3 6.0 5000 294 31 227 17| 4.2 3.4 7.7|462.9 -23.6 439.3 87.9 0.61| 9.8 6.0 6000 295 39 248 20| 4.2 3.3 7.4|539.6-116.7 422.9 70.5 0.51| 9.7 5.0 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KMFR/skewt/KMFR.skewt.20250111.00.gif