UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025122800.upa.cvt Date: 0000Z 28 DEC 25 Searching for KMFR... Searching the city database file for: KMFR ... Date:0000Z 28 DEC 25 Station: KMFR WMO ident: 72597 Latitude: 42.37 Longitude: -122.87 Elevation: 405.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 229 SFC 980 405 7.2 0.2 61 7.0 4.1 30 8 282.0 282.7 278.2 293.1 3.96 2 925 866 2.2 -2.0 74 4.2 0.4 340 7 281.6 282.2 277.4 291.6 3.56 3 894 1140 -0.3 -2.5 85 2.2 -1.2 342 5 281.7 282.3 277.5 291.7 3.55 4 888 1194 -0.9 -2.7 88 1.8 -1.6 344 4 281.7 282.3 277.4 291.6 3.53 5 884 1230 -0.9 -4.0 79 3.1 -2.1 346 4 282.0 282.6 277.2 291.1 3.21 6 869 1366 -2.3 -4.4 85 2.1 -3.1 2 3 281.9 282.5 277.1 290.9 3.17 7 867 1384 -2.3 -5.3 80 3.0 -3.4 4 3 282.1 282.6 276.9 290.6 2.97 8 850 1541 -3.7 -5.7 86 2.0 -4.4 35 3 282.3 282.8 277.0 290.6 2.94 9 819 1833 -6.3 -6.3 100 0.0 -6.3 15 4 282.5 283.0 277.0 290.8 2.91 10 814 1881 -6.5 -7.1 95 0.6 -6.7 12 5 282.8 283.3 277.0 290.7 2.75 11 804 1977 -6.9 -7.6 95 0.7 -7.1 8 8 283.4 283.9 277.2 291.1 2.68 12 801 2006 -6.5 -9.3 80 2.8 -7.4 6 9 284.1 284.5 277.1 290.9 2.36 13 798 2036 -6.7 -9.2 82 2.5 -7.5 5 9 284.2 284.6 277.2 291.1 2.38 14 794 2075 -6.9 -10.1 78 3.2 -7.9 3 11 284.4 284.8 277.1 290.9 2.23 15 793 2085 -6.9 -10.5 75 3.6 -8.1 2 11 284.5 284.9 277.0 290.8 2.16 16 788 2134 -5.9 -15.9 45 10.0 -8.7 0 12 286.1 286.3 276.8 290.3 1.40 17 783 2184 -3.9 -31.9 9 28.0 -9.4 1 13 288.8 288.8 276.6 289.9 0.34 18 777 2245 -3.5 -32.5 8 29.0 -9.1 2 14 289.8 289.9 277.1 290.9 0.32 19 737 2663 -3.3 -24.3 18 21.0 -8.5 354 19 294.5 294.6 279.9 296.8 0.73 20 700 3068 -5.7 -20.7 30 15.0 -9.7 355 24 296.2 296.4 281.1 299.5 1.05 21 688 3203 -6.3 -22.3 27 16.0 -10.4 355 23 297.0 297.1 281.3 299.9 0.93 22 663 3492 -8.1 -18.1 44 10.0 -10.9 355 22 298.1 298.4 282.4 302.5 1.39 23 632 3863 -10.3 -19.3 48 9.0 -12.8 349 25 299.7 300.0 283.0 303.9 1.31 24 616 4060 -10.9 -21.9 40 11.0 -13.7 345 28 301.2 301.4 283.2 304.7 1.07 25 601 4249 -12.1 -22.1 43 10.0 -14.6 345 28 302.0 302.2 283.6 305.5 1.08 26 597 4300 -12.5 -20.5 51 8.0 -14.6 346 28 302.1 302.3 283.8 306.1 1.25 27 574 4600 -13.3 -27.3 30 14.0 -16.3 355 33 304.6 304.7 284.1 306.9 0.71 28 558 4815 -13.9 -30.9 22 17.0 -17.1 3 36 306.3 306.4 284.6 308.1 0.52 29 545 4994 -14.9 -26.9 35 12.0 -17.5 4 38 307.2 307.4 285.2 309.8 0.78 30 529 5219 -17.1 -28.1 38 11.0 -19.3 3 39 307.2 307.3 285.2 309.6 0.71 31 518 5376 -17.7 -30.7 31 13.0 -20.1 2 40 308.3 308.4 285.4 310.3 0.57 32 505 5566 -19.3 -29.3 41 10.0 -21.2 0 41 308.6 308.8 285.7 310.9 0.67 33 500 5640 -19.7 -28.7 45 9.0 -21.4 360 41 309.0 309.2 285.8 311.4 0.72 34 480 5941 -21.3 -31.3 40 10.0 -23.0 360 40 310.7 310.8 286.3 312.7 0.58 35 466 6159 -22.1 -35.1 30 13.0 -24.1 360 41 312.3 312.4 286.6 313.8 0.41 36 436 6643 -26.1 -35.1 43 9.0 -27.3 360 46 313.3 313.3 287.0 314.8 0.44 37 400 7260 -30.7 -40.7 37 10.0 -31.7 360 54 315.1 315.1 287.5 316.1 0.27 38 388 7476 -31.9 -43.9 29 12.0 -33.0 3 56 316.3 316.3 287.8 317.0 0.20 39 355 8098 -37.3 -49.3 28 12.0 -38.0 2 62 317.2 317.2 287.9 317.6 0.12 40 348 8236 -38.5 -48.5 34 10.0 -39.1 1 63 317.3 317.4 288.1 317.9 0.13 41 343 8335 -39.3 -51.3 27 12.0 -39.9 0 64 317.6 317.6 288.1 318.0 0.10 42 316 8892 -43.9 -51.9 41 8.0 -44.3 357 70 318.7 318.7 288.5 319.1 0.10 43 300 9240 -46.5 -52.5 50 6.0 -46.7 360 76 319.8 319.8 288.8 320.2 0.10 44 297 9306 -47.1 -53.1 50 6.0 -47.3 360 77 319.9 319.9 288.8 320.2 0.09 45 295 9351 -47.3 -55.3 39 8.0 -47.6 360 77 320.2 320.2 288.9 320.5 0.07 46 284 9600 -49.1 -58.1 34 9.0 -49.4 360 79 321.1 321.2 289.2 321.3 0.05 47 272 9880 -51.3 -57.3 49 6.0 -51.5 360 81 321.9 322.0 289.4 322.2 0.06 48 259 10195 -53.7 -62.7 32 9.0 -53.9 360 84 322.9 323.0 289.7 323.1 0.03 49 258 10220 -53.9 -63.9 28 10.0 -54.1 360 84 323.0 323.0 289.7 323.1 0.03 50 257 10244 -54.1 -67.1 19 13.0 -54.3 360 84 323.1 323.1 289.7 323.1 0.02 51 250 10420 -55.5 -65.5 28 10.0 -55.6 360 86 323.6 323.6 289.9 323.6 0.02 52 244 10575 -56.9 -63.9 41 7.0 -57.0 360 87 323.7 323.7 289.9 323.8 0.03 53 231 10921 -59.5 -69.5 26 10.0 -59.6 360 90 324.9 324.9 290.2 324.9 0.01 54 223 11141 -61.3 -70.1 30 8.8 -61.4 360 92 325.3 325.3 290.4 325.4 0.01 55 206 11629 -65.5 -71.5 43 6.0 -65.5 360 83 326.3 326.3 290.6 326.3 0.01 56 202 11749 -64.3 -71.3 38 7.0 -64.4 360 77 330.0 330.0 291.7 330.0 0.01 57 200 11810 -64.5 -71.5 38 7.0 -64.6 360 74 330.6 330.6 291.9 330.7 0.01 58 191 12090 -65.7 -75.7 24 10.0 -65.8 360 69 333.1 333.1 292.6 333.1 0.01 59 150 13580 -59.1 -84.1 3 25.0 -59.3 335 37 368.3 368.3 300.2 368.3 0.00 60 100 16110 -62.9 -86.9 3 24.0 -63.1 330 44 406.2 406.2 306.0 406.2 0.00 61 98 16235 -60.7 -86.7 2 26.0 -61.0 339 39 412.8 412.8 306.9 412.8 0.00 62 92 16629 -58.3 -85.3 2 27.0 -58.7 356 26 425.1 425.1 308.3 425.1 0.00 63 85 17122 -60.9 -86.9 2 26.0 -61.2 359 13 429.6 429.6 308.8 429.6 0.00 64 81 17422 -59.7 -86.7 2 27.0 -60.1 358 7 438.0 438.0 309.7 438.0 0.00 65 76 17818 -61.1 -87.1 2 26.0 -61.4 343 10 443.1 443.1 310.2 443.1 0.00 66 70 18330 -58.7 -86.7 2 28.0 -59.2 300 20 458.8 458.8 311.7 458.8 0.00 67 52 20204 -57.1 -87.1 1 30.0 -57.9 300 26 503.2 503.2 315.2 503.3 0.00 68 50 20452 -58.1 -87.1 1 29.0 -58.8 300 27 506.6 506.6 315.4 506.6 0.00 TRP 206 11629 -65.5 -71.5 43 6.0 -65.5 360 83 326.3 326.3 290.6 326.3 0.01 WND 223 11141 -61.3 -70.1 30 8.8 -61.4 360 92 325.3 325.3 290.4 325.4 0.01 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5411.00 m Freezing level: 897.72 mb = 1107.01 m = 3631.86 ft Wetbulb zero: 916.88 mb = 936.87 m = 3073.68 ft Precipitable water: 0.38 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 48.05 % Est. max temperature: 7.66 C = 45.79 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 880.24 mb = 1263.65 m = 4145.78 ft T: -1.25 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.44 C/km ThetaE index: 1.49 C Layer 925.0- 894.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 862.48 mb = 1425.55 m = 4676.93 ft Mean mixing ratio: 3.64 g/kg Conv temperature: 7.40 C = 45.31 F Cap Strength: 14.84 C Lifted Index: 15.03 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 19.81 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 8.64 C Showalter Index: 16.08 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 30.00 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 16.00 C Cross Totals Index: 14.00 C K Index: -4.70 Risk: None Sweat Index: 47.00 Risk: None Energy Index: 4.39 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 6.44 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 3.59 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 2.78 J/kg Cap Strength: 14.81 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 868.05 mb = 1374.59 m = 4509.75 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 843.05 mb = 1605.50 m = 5267.31 ft Equ Level (EL): 793.05 mb = 2084.25 m = 6838.02 ft B at Equ Level: 2.61 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 783.05 mb = 2183.70 m = 7164.28 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 28 at 17 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 980 405 30 8 -4.0 -6.9 | 206 9 4.1 8.4 1 955 610 5 7 -0.6 -7.0 | 222 11 7.5 8.3 2 925 866 340 7 2.4 -6.6 | 230 14 10.5 8.7 3 919 914 335 7 3.0 -6.3 | 231 14 11.1 8.9 4 885 1219 345 4 1.0 -3.9 | 219 15 9.1 11.4 5 852 1524 20 2 -0.7 -1.9 | 209 15 7.4 13.4 6 850 1541 35 3 -1.7 -2.5 | 206 14 6.4 12.8 7 819 1829 15 4 -1.0 -3.9 | 212 13 7.1 11.4 8 788 2134 360 12 -0.0 -12.0 | 248 9 8.1 3.3 9 758 2438 5 18 -1.6 -17.9 | 292 7 6.5 -2.6 10 730 2743 350 19 3.3 -18.7 | 287 12 11.4 -3.4 11 702 3048 5 21 -1.8 -20.9 | 312 8 6.3 -5.6 12 700 3068 355 24 2.1 -23.9 | 310 13 10.2 -8.6 13 648 3658 355 21 1.8 -20.9 | 300 11 9.9 -5.6 14 623 3962 345 28 7.2 -27.0 | 307 19 15.3 -11.8 15 598 4267 345 28 7.2 -27.0 | 307 19 15.3 -11.8 16 552 4877 5 37 -3.2 -36.9 | 347 22 4.9 -21.6 17 500 5640 360 41 -0.0 -41.0 | 343 27 8.1 -25.7 18 470 6096 360 40 -0.0 -40.0 | 342 26 8.1 -24.7 19 400 7260 360 54 -0.0 -54.0 | 348 40 8.1 -38.7 20 380 7620 5 58 -5.1 -57.8 | 356 43 3.0 -42.5 21 304 9144 355 72 6.3 -71.7 | 346 58 14.4 -56.4 22 300 9240 360 76 -0.0 -76.0 | 352 61 8.1 -60.7 23 250 10420 360 86 -0.0 -86.0 | 353 71 8.1 -70.7 24 223 11141 360 92 -0.0 -92.0 | 354 77 8.1 -76.7 25 218 11278 360 92 -0.0 -92.0 | 354 77 8.1 -76.7 26 206 11629 360 83 -0.0 -83.0 | 353 68 8.1 -67.7 27 200 11810 360 74 -0.0 -74.0 | 352 59 8.1 -58.7 28 170 12802 360 56 -0.0 -56.0 | 349 42 8.1 -40.7 29 150 13580 335 37 15.6 -33.5 | 308 30 23.7 -18.2 30 147 13716 340 36 12.3 -33.8 | 312 28 20.4 -18.5 31 127 14630 315 29 20.5 -20.5 | 280 29 28.6 -5.2 32 121 14935 335 28 11.8 -25.4 | 297 22 19.9 -10.1 33 115 15240 335 24 10.1 -21.8 | 290 19 18.2 -6.5 34 109 15545 315 29 20.5 -20.5 | 280 29 28.6 -5.2 35 100 16110 330 44 22.0 -38.1 | 307 38 30.1 -22.8 36 95 16459 355 30 2.6 -29.9 | 324 18 10.7 -14.6 37 82 17374 360 7 -0.0 -7.0 | 224 12 8.1 8.3 38 70 18288 325 14 8.0 -11.5 | 257 17 16.1 3.8 39 70 18330 300 20 17.3 -10.0 | 258 26 25.4 5.3 40 66 18593 300 20 17.3 -10.0 | 258 26 25.4 5.3 41 42 20726 300 31 26.8 -15.5 | 270 35 34.9 -0.2 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 357.9 at 23.1 knts Storm direction: 27.9 at 17.3 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 0.7 neg: 3.2 tot: 3.9 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 98.5 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 56.4 neg: -28.2 tot: 28.2 m^2/s^2 ave: 9.4 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.32 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 7.5 stream: 2.4 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.00 Bulk Rich Number: 0.19 Bulk Shear: 33.42 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 2 7 224 11| 0.0 7.1 7.1| 13.6 0.0 13.6 27.2 0.67| 7.2 4.8 1000 354 6 223 13| 2.5 3.5 6.0| 13.6 -18.2 -4.6 -4.6 -0.01| 6.1 -0.0 1500 360 5 219 13| 1.4 2.4 3.7| 20.7 -22.8 -2.1 -1.4 0.05| 5.9 0.3 2000 1 7 223 12| 1.0 3.3 4.3| 44.5 -22.8 21.7 10.8 0.39| 7.4 2.9 2500 359 9 234 10| 0.8 3.3 4.2| 51.5 -24.4 27.1 10.8 0.37| 7.4 2.7 3000 358 11 246 9| 0.7 3.2 3.9| 56.4 -28.2 28.2 9.4 0.32| 7.5 2.4 4000 354 15 268 10| 0.7 3.1 3.8| 78.6 -30.8 47.9 12.0 0.32| 7.1 2.3 5000 357 19 294 10| 1.7 2.8 4.6|139.4 -39.0 100.4 20.1 0.40| 7.2 2.9 6000 358 23 311 12| 1.4 2.7 4.1|147.1 -45.5 101.6 16.9 0.37| 6.5 2.4 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KMFR/skewt/KMFR.skewt.20251228.00.gif