UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025073100.upa.cvt Date: 0000Z 31 JUL 25 Searching for KMFR... Searching the city database file for: KMFR ... Date:0000Z 31 JUL 25 Station: KMFR WMO ident: 72597 Latitude: 42.37 Longitude: -122.87 Elevation: 405.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 93 SFC 967 405 33.2 10.2 24 23.0 18.4 270 11 309.3 310.8 292.8 334.1 8.10 2 952 542 31.0 9.0 26 22.0 17.1 290 10 308.5 309.9 292.2 331.6 7.58 3 925 792 28.6 8.6 29 20.0 16.1 310 10 308.6 310.0 292.2 331.8 7.60 4 879 1242 24.6 8.6 36 16.0 14.6 329 8 308.9 310.4 292.6 333.4 8.00 5 850 1534 22.2 4.2 31 18.0 11.7 310 5 309.4 310.5 291.2 328.2 6.09 6 832 1719 20.6 2.6 30 18.0 10.4 301 5 309.6 310.7 290.8 326.8 5.55 7 800 2056 17.0 7.0 52 10.0 10.9 256 4 309.3 310.8 292.6 333.4 7.88 8 756 2536 13.8 -0.2 38 14.0 6.3 322 2 310.8 311.8 290.7 326.4 4.99 9 700 3178 8.0 -1.0 53 9.0 3.3 210 1 311.3 312.3 290.9 327.2 5.08 10 687 3332 6.8 -2.2 53 9.0 2.2 191 2 311.7 312.6 290.7 326.6 4.74 11 682 3392 6.2 -2.8 52 9.0 1.7 184 2 311.7 312.5 290.6 326.0 4.56 12 677 3453 5.6 -4.4 49 10.0 0.8 177 2 311.6 312.4 290.1 324.5 4.08 13 669 3550 5.4 -9.6 33 15.0 -1.1 165 3 312.5 313.0 289.2 321.4 2.76 14 667 3575 5.2 -8.8 36 14.0 -1.0 162 3 312.5 313.1 289.3 322.0 2.95 15 640 3910 2.2 -7.8 48 10.0 -2.3 146 4 312.8 313.5 289.8 323.5 3.32 16 615 4231 -0.5 -12.5 40 12.0 -5.2 141 6 313.3 313.8 289.0 321.1 2.38 17 603 4388 -2.1 -12.1 46 10.0 -6.0 146 6 313.2 313.7 289.2 321.4 2.51 18 590 4561 -3.3 -10.3 58 7.0 -6.2 158 7 313.8 314.4 289.8 323.4 2.96 19 588 4588 -3.5 -11.5 54 8.0 -6.7 159 7 313.9 314.4 289.6 322.6 2.70 20 586 4615 -3.7 -10.7 58 7.0 -6.5 161 7 313.9 314.5 289.8 323.3 2.89 21 576 4751 -4.5 -14.5 46 10.0 -8.1 170 8 314.6 315.0 289.2 321.6 2.16 22 544 5199 -7.7 -17.7 45 10.0 -11.0 205 10 315.9 316.3 289.3 321.8 1.75 23 521 5534 -10.5 -19.5 48 9.0 -13.2 231 11 316.5 316.8 289.3 321.7 1.57 24 512 5668 -11.3 -17.3 61 6.0 -13.2 215 10 317.1 317.5 289.8 323.5 1.92 25 505 5774 -12.3 -18.3 61 6.0 -14.2 202 10 317.1 317.5 289.7 323.1 1.79 26 502 5819 -12.5 -20.5 51 8.0 -14.8 182 8 317.4 317.7 289.5 322.5 1.49 27 500 5850 -12.7 -20.7 51 8.0 -15.0 160 6 317.6 317.8 289.5 322.5 1.47 28 477 6206 -15.3 -26.3 38 11.0 -17.9 143 9 318.6 318.8 289.3 321.9 0.94 29 463 6430 -17.1 -25.1 50 8.0 -19.0 133 10 319.1 319.3 289.6 322.8 1.08 30 462 6446 -17.1 -24.1 55 7.0 -18.8 135 11 319.3 319.6 289.8 323.4 1.18 31 460 6478 -16.7 -21.5 66 4.8 -18.0 139 11 320.2 320.5 290.3 325.3 1.49 32 458 6511 -16.7 -21.5 66 4.8 -18.0 143 12 320.6 320.9 290.5 325.7 1.50 33 435 6894 -19.9 -21.6 86 1.7 -20.4 167 16 321.3 321.6 290.7 326.7 1.56 34 400 7510 -23.9 -26.0 83 2.1 -24.4 155 18 323.9 324.2 291.1 327.9 1.15 35 356 8349 -30.5 -33.8 73 3.3 -31.0 162 18 326.0 326.2 291.2 328.3 0.62 36 345 8571 -32.3 -35.1 76 2.8 -32.7 164 18 326.5 326.6 291.3 328.6 0.56 37 341 8653 -32.9 -36.5 70 3.6 -33.4 165 18 326.8 326.9 291.3 328.6 0.49 38 340 8674 -33.1 -36.9 69 3.8 -33.6 165 18 326.8 326.9 291.3 328.6 0.47 39 326 8968 -35.7 -38.2 78 2.5 -36.0 168 18 327.2 327.3 291.4 328.8 0.43 40 320 9097 -36.7 -39.5 75 2.8 -37.0 169 18 327.5 327.6 291.4 329.0 0.39 41 319 9118 -36.9 -41.7 61 4.8 -37.4 170 18 327.6 327.6 291.3 328.7 0.31 42 314 9227 -37.9 -41.7 67 3.8 -38.2 172 19 327.6 327.7 291.4 328.8 0.31 43 305 9427 -39.3 -45.3 53 6.0 -39.8 179 23 328.4 328.5 291.5 329.3 0.22 44 300 9540 -40.3 -46.3 53 6.0 -40.7 180 23 328.6 328.6 291.5 329.3 0.20 45 292 9724 -41.9 -46.2 63 4.3 -42.2 177 24 328.8 328.9 291.6 329.6 0.21 46 280 10008 -44.3 -48.4 64 4.1 -44.5 172 25 329.4 329.4 291.7 330.0 0.17 47 259 10527 -48.9 -53.5 59 4.6 -49.1 163 27 330.0 330.0 291.8 330.4 0.10 48 254 10656 -49.1 -55.1 50 6.0 -49.3 160 28 331.6 331.6 292.2 331.9 0.09 49 253 10681 -49.1 -56.1 44 7.0 -49.3 157 28 331.9 331.9 292.3 332.2 0.08 50 251 10734 -49.1 -63.1 18 14.0 -49.4 142 27 332.7 332.7 292.5 332.8 0.03 51 250 10760 -49.1 -65.1 14 16.0 -49.5 135 26 333.1 333.1 292.6 333.2 0.02 52 247 10839 -49.5 -63.5 18 14.0 -49.8 140 23 333.6 333.6 292.7 333.7 0.03 53 231 11279 -46.9 -70.9 5 24.0 -47.5 190 17 344.0 344.0 295.3 344.1 0.01 54 221 11571 -47.5 -70.5 5 23.0 -48.1 224 17 347.5 347.5 296.1 347.5 0.01 55 217 11692 -46.1 -75.1 2 29.0 -46.8 202 12 351.5 351.5 297.0 351.5 0.01 56 200 12230 -48.5 -76.5 2 28.0 -49.1 215 5 356.0 356.0 297.9 356.0 0.01 57 196 12363 -49.3 -78.3 2 29.0 -49.8 209 6 356.8 356.8 298.1 356.8 0.00 58 150 14110 -52.1 -81.1 2 29.0 -52.6 200 18 380.3 380.3 302.3 380.3 0.00 59 100 16690 -58.7 -85.7 2 27.0 -59.0 220 13 414.3 414.3 307.0 414.3 0.00 60 85 17707 -60.9 -86.9 2 26.0 -61.2 187 14 429.6 429.6 308.8 429.6 0.00 61 79 18167 -56.9 -86.9 1 30.0 -57.5 243 15 446.9 446.9 310.6 446.9 0.00 62 75 18495 -58.9 -86.9 2 28.0 -59.3 213 10 449.4 449.4 310.8 449.4 0.00 63 70 18930 -57.7 -86.7 1 29.0 -58.3 95 5 460.9 460.9 311.8 461.0 0.00 64 55 20449 -59.1 -87.1 1 28.0 -59.7 90 17 490.6 490.7 314.2 490.7 0.00 65 50 21050 -56.9 -86.9 1 30.0 -57.7 155 7 509.4 509.4 315.6 509.4 0.00 66 42 22157 -55.1 -86.1 1 31.0 -56.3 92 10 539.9 539.9 317.5 539.9 0.01 67 40 22470 -52.7 -85.7 1 33.0 -54.3 92 14 553.5 553.5 318.3 553.5 0.01 68 35 23328 -54.5 -85.5 1 31.0 -56.0 85 14 570.4 570.4 319.2 570.4 0.01 69 30 24320 -51.7 -84.7 1 33.0 -53.9 75 18 603.7 603.7 320.8 603.8 0.01 70 26 25246 -53.3 -85.3 1 32.0 -55.4 84 27 624.4 624.4 321.7 624.4 0.01 71 23 26037 -52.9 -85.9 1 33.0 -55.3 86 27 647.8 647.8 322.6 647.9 0.01 72 20 26950 -47.7 -83.7 1 36.0 -51.9 70 25 690.2 690.2 324.1 690.3 0.02 73 17 28028 -45.9 -82.9 1 37.0 -51.2 80 34 728.8 728.8 325.3 729.0 0.02 74 15 28865 -43.9 -81.9 1 38.0 -50.5 72 34 762.0 762.0 326.3 762.3 0.03 75 12 30361 -44.9 -81.9 1 37.0 -51.9 95 40 808.7 808.7 327.5 809.0 0.04 76 10 31600 -37.5 -79.5 0 42.0 -49.2 95 40 879.6 879.6 329.0 880.3 0.07 77 9.3 32104 -36.7 -78.7 0 42.0 -49.2 96 39 901.1 901.1 329.5 902.0 0.09 78 7.1 33972 -38.5 -80.5 0 42.0 -51.4 100 33 966.0 966.0 330.7 966.9 0.09 79 7.0 34070 -37.5 -79.5 0 42.0 -51.0 100 33 974.0 974.1 330.8 975.2 0.10 80 6.9 34169 -37.1 -79.1 0 42.0 -51.0 99 33 979.7 979.8 330.9 981.0 0.11 81 6.6 34476 -37.5 -79.5 0 42.0 -51.4 94 35 990.6 990.6 331.1 991.8 0.11 82 5.7 35501 -31.1 -75.1 1 44.0 -49.9 79 40 1061.0 1061.2 332.1 1064.3 0.25 83 5.4 35884 -31.7 -75.7 0 44.0 -50.4 73 41 1074.9 1075.0 332.3 1078.0 0.24 84 5.0 36430 -29.5 -74.5 0 45.0 -50.2 65 44 1108.8 1109.0 332.8 1113.1 0.32 85 4.9 36574 -29.1 -74.1 0 45.0 -50.2 1117.1 1117.3 332.9 1121.7 0.34 TRP 247 10839 -49.5 -63.5 18 14.0 -49.8 140 23 333.6 333.6 292.7 333.7 0.03 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5757.00 m Freezing level: 619.63 mb = 4171.65 m = 13686.36 ft Wetbulb zero: 673.67 mb = 3493.15 m = 11460.33 ft Precipitable water: 1.00 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 42.74 % Est. max temperature: 33.36 C = 92.04 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 692.60 mb = 3265.59 m = 10713.76 ft T: 7.32 C 700-500 lapse rate: 7.75 C/km ThetaE index: 6.97 C Layer 756.0- 700.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 654.45 mb = 3728.94 m = 12233.90 ft Mean mixing ratio: 7.72 g/kg Conv temperature: 36.53 C = 97.76 F Cap Strength: 2.56 C Lifted Index: -2.58 C Risk: Severe thunderstorms possible Lifted Index @300 mb: -1.53 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 2.35 C Showalter Index: -0.59 C Risk: Thunderstorms probable Total Totals Index: 51.80 C Risk: Scattered heavy thunderstorms Vertical Totals Index: 34.90 C Cross Totals Index: 16.90 C K Index: 30.10 Risk: 60-80 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 122.40 Risk: None Energy Index: -1.08 Risk: Scattered severe thunderstorms Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 468.14 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 30.60 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 137.42 J/kg Cap Strength: 2.56 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 690.83 mb = 3286.59 m = 10782.64 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 615.83 mb = 4220.11 m = 13845.33 ft Equ Level (EL): 245.83 mb = 10869.98 m = 35662.22 ft B at Equ Level: 442.08 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 205.83 mb = 12040.26 m = 39501.68 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 244 at 5 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 967 405 270 11 11.0 -0.0 | 286 7 6.9 -2.0 1 945 610 300 9 7.8 -4.5 | 330 7 3.7 -6.5 2 925 792 310 10 7.7 -6.4 | 337 9 3.6 -8.4 3 912 914 310 10 7.7 -6.4 | 337 9 3.6 -8.4 4 881 1219 330 8 4.0 -6.9 | 1 9 -0.1 -8.9 5 850 1534 310 5 3.8 -3.2 | 3 5 -0.3 -5.2 6 821 1829 295 5 4.5 -2.1 | 354 4 0.4 -4.1 7 792 2134 240 3 2.6 1.5 | 72 2 -1.5 -0.5 8 764 2438 305 2 1.6 -1.1 | 38 4 -2.5 -3.1 9 737 2743 5 1 -0.1 -1.0 | 55 5 -4.2 -3.0 10 711 3048 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 64 5 -4.1 -2.0 11 700 3178 210 1 0.5 0.9 | 73 4 -3.6 -1.1 12 659 3658 150 3 -1.5 2.6 | 96 6 -5.6 0.6 13 610 4267 140 6 -3.9 4.6 | 108 8 -8.0 2.6 14 565 4877 180 8 0.0 8.0 | 146 7 -4.1 6.0 15 544 5182 205 10 4.2 9.1 | 181 7 0.1 7.1 16 523 5486 235 11 9.0 6.3 | 229 7 4.9 4.3 17 504 5791 200 10 3.4 9.4 | 175 7 -0.7 7.4 18 500 5850 160 6 -2.1 5.6 | 121 7 -6.2 3.6 19 484 6096 150 9 -4.5 7.8 | 124 10 -8.6 5.8 20 464 6401 130 10 -7.7 6.4 | 111 13 -11.8 4.4 21 446 6706 170 16 -2.8 15.8 | 153 15 -6.9 13.8 22 400 7510 155 18 -7.6 16.3 | 141 19 -11.7 14.3 23 394 7620 155 18 -7.6 16.3 | 141 19 -11.7 14.3 24 317 9144 170 18 -3.1 17.7 | 155 17 -7.2 15.7 25 304 9449 180 23 0.0 23.0 | 169 21 -4.1 21.0 26 300 9540 180 23 0.0 23.0 | 169 21 -4.1 21.0 27 253 10668 160 28 -9.6 26.3 | 151 28 -13.7 24.3 28 250 10760 135 26 -18.4 18.4 | 126 28 -22.5 16.4 29 247 10839 140 23 -14.8 17.6 | 130 25 -18.9 15.6 30 242 10973 135 26 -18.4 18.4 | 126 28 -22.5 16.4 31 231 11278 190 17 3.0 16.7 | 176 15 -1.2 14.8 32 221 11582 225 17 12.0 12.0 | 218 13 7.9 10.0 33 211 11887 160 3 -1.0 2.8 | 99 5 -5.1 0.8 34 200 12230 215 5 2.9 4.1 | 150 2 -1.2 2.1 35 183 12802 190 10 1.7 9.8 | 163 8 -2.4 7.9 36 175 13106 225 14 9.9 9.9 | 216 10 5.8 7.9 37 152 14021 195 15 3.9 14.5 | 179 13 -0.2 12.5 38 150 14110 200 18 6.2 16.9 | 188 15 2.1 14.9 39 138 14630 215 20 11.5 16.4 | 207 16 7.4 14.4 40 132 14935 210 14 7.0 12.1 | 196 11 2.9 10.1 41 126 15240 215 12 6.9 9.8 | 200 8 2.8 7.8 42 120 15545 225 12 8.5 8.5 | 214 8 4.4 6.5 43 114 15850 220 13 8.4 10.0 | 208 9 4.3 8.0 44 109 16154 200 14 4.8 13.2 | 184 11 0.7 11.2 45 104 16459 235 10 8.2 5.7 | 228 6 4.1 3.7 46 100 16690 220 13 8.4 10.0 | 208 9 4.3 8.0 47 99 16764 205 10 4.2 9.1 | 181 7 0.1 7.1 48 94 17069 245 10 9.1 4.2 | 246 5 5.0 2.2 49 90 17374 205 2 0.8 1.8 | 87 3 -3.3 -0.2 50 85 17678 185 13 1.1 13.0 | 165 11 -3.0 11.0 51 81 17983 200 18 6.2 16.9 | 188 15 2.1 14.9 52 78 18288 270 13 13.0 -0.0 | 283 9 8.9 -2.0 53 70 18930 95 5 -5.0 0.4 | 80 9 -9.1 -1.6 54 67 19202 140 2 -1.3 1.5 | 85 5 -5.4 -0.5 55 58 20117 95 10 -10.0 0.9 | 85 14 -14.1 -1.1 56 55 20422 90 17 -17.0 0.0 | 85 21 -21.1 -2.0 57 53 20726 95 12 -12.0 1.0 | 87 16 -16.1 -0.9 58 50 21031 105 14 -13.5 3.6 | 95 18 -17.6 1.6 59 50 21050 155 7 -3.0 6.3 | 122 8 -7.1 4.4 60 48 21336 155 9 -3.8 8.2 | 128 10 -7.9 6.2 61 46 21641 10 10 -1.7 -9.8 | 26 13 -5.8 -11.8 62 41 22250 105 10 -9.7 2.6 | 92 14 -13.8 0.6 63 38 22860 70 21 -19.7 -7.2 | 69 26 -23.8 -9.2 64 36 23165 110 20 -18.8 6.8 | 102 23 -22.9 4.9 65 34 23470 65 10 -9.1 -4.2 | 65 15 -13.2 -6.2 66 33 23774 90 13 -13.0 0.0 | 83 17 -17.1 -2.0 67 31 24079 75 13 -12.6 -3.4 | 72 17 -16.7 -5.4 68 30 24320 75 18 -17.4 -4.7 | 73 22 -21.5 -6.6 69 30 24384 85 22 -21.9 -1.9 | 81 26 -26.0 -3.9 70 28 24689 75 19 -18.4 -4.9 | 73 23 -22.5 -6.9 71 27 24994 90 29 -29.0 0.0 | 87 33 -33.1 -2.0 72 25 25603 75 24 -23.2 -6.2 | 73 28 -27.3 -8.2 73 23 25908 95 29 -28.9 2.5 | 91 33 -33.0 0.5 74 22 26213 75 25 -24.1 -6.5 | 73 29 -28.3 -8.5 75 21 26518 105 18 -17.4 4.7 | 97 22 -21.5 2.7 76 20 26950 70 25 -23.5 -8.6 | 69 30 -27.6 -10.5 77 19 27127 75 20 -19.3 -5.2 | 73 24 -23.4 -7.2 78 19 27432 70 26 -24.4 -8.9 | 69 31 -28.5 -10.9 79 18 27737 70 28 -26.3 -9.6 | 69 33 -30.4 -11.6 80 16 28346 90 40 -40.0 0.0 | 87 44 -44.1 -2.0 81 16 28651 95 32 -31.9 2.8 | 91 36 -36.0 0.8 82 15 28956 65 34 -30.8 -14.4 | 65 39 -34.9 -16.4 83 14 29261 85 41 -40.8 -3.6 | 83 45 -44.9 -5.6 84 14 29566 95 40 -39.8 3.5 | 92 44 -44.0 1.5 85 10 31600 95 40 -39.8 3.5 | 92 44 -44.0 1.5 86 7 34070 100 33 -32.5 5.7 | 96 37 -36.6 3.7 87 5 36430 65 44 -39.9 -18.6 | 65 49 -44.0 -20.6 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 214.1 at 6.1 knts Storm direction: 244.1 at 4.6 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 1.9 neg: 0.6 tot: 2.6 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 163.3 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 27.1 neg: -1.5 tot: 25.6 m^2/s^2 ave: 8.5 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.52 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 4.9 stream: 2.5 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.07 Bulk Rich Number: 29.62 Bulk Shear: 15.81 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 297 10 325 8| 7.5 0.0 7.5| 12.7 0.0 12.7 25.4 0.88| 7.7 6.8 1000 308 9 338 8| 4.3 0.0 4.3| 21.2 -0.0 21.1 21.1 0.76| 6.9 5.2 1500 307 8 343 7| 2.8 1.3 4.1| 21.5 -0.8 20.8 13.8 0.56| 5.9 3.3 2000 303 7 346 6| 2.7 1.0 3.7| 22.4 -1.2 21.1 10.6 0.48| 5.8 2.8 2500 304 5 355 5| 2.5 0.8 3.3| 24.7 -1.2 23.4 9.4 0.50| 5.2 2.6 3000 303 5 2 5| 1.9 0.6 2.6| 27.1 -1.5 25.6 8.5 0.52| 4.9 2.5 4000 291 5 358 4| 1.6 0.7 2.3| 32.5 -1.5 31.0 7.7 0.52| 4.4 2.3 5000 241 5 223 1| 0.2 0.6 0.8| 56.2 -1.5 54.7 10.9 0.65| 4.8 3.1 6000 214 6 167 3| 0.2 1.6 1.8| 58.6 -32.4 26.2 4.4 0.24| 5.7 1.4 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KMFR/skewt/KMFR.skewt.20250731.00.gif