UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025091306.upa.cvt Date: 0600Z 13 SEP 25 Searching for KMFR... Searching the city database file for: KMFR ... Date:0600Z 13 SEP 25 Station: KMFR WMO ident: 72597 Latitude: 42.37 Longitude: -122.87 Elevation: 405.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 112 SFC 968 405 20.6 10.6 53 10.0 14.5 60 4 296.5 298.0 288.9 320.6 8.31 2 964 440 22.0 9.0 43 13.0 14.2 45 4 298.3 299.6 288.8 320.2 7.49 3 953 537 22.2 8.2 41 14.0 13.8 5 4 299.4 300.8 288.9 320.6 7.17 4 929 753 21.0 6.0 38 15.0 12.3 335 6 300.4 301.6 288.5 319.2 6.32 5 925 789 21.0 6.0 38 15.0 12.3 335 6 300.8 301.9 288.6 319.7 6.34 6 923 808 21.2 5.2 35 16.0 12.1 332 6 301.2 302.3 288.5 319.1 6.01 7 885 1170 18.8 4.8 40 14.0 10.9 315 3 302.3 303.5 288.9 320.6 6.10 8 879 1228 18.0 7.0 49 11.0 11.5 314 3 302.1 303.4 289.8 323.5 7.16 9 876 1258 17.6 8.6 56 9.0 12.1 310 3 302.0 303.4 290.5 325.8 8.03 10 865 1366 17.6 5.6 45 12.0 10.7 295 4 303.1 304.3 289.6 322.9 6.60 11 850 1515 16.4 9.4 63 7.0 12.1 275 6 303.3 304.9 291.6 329.4 8.74 12 847 1545 16.2 9.2 63 7.0 11.9 276 6 303.4 305.0 291.5 329.3 8.65 13 825 1768 14.8 6.8 59 8.0 10.1 287 4 304.2 305.6 290.8 326.9 7.53 14 809 1934 13.0 9.3 78 3.7 10.7 311 2 304.0 305.7 292.1 331.3 9.13 15 805 1976 12.8 9.2 79 3.6 10.6 320 2 304.3 305.9 292.1 331.5 9.11 16 803 1996 12.6 8.9 78 3.7 10.3 324 2 304.3 305.9 292.0 331.0 8.95 17 789 2144 11.8 5.8 67 6.0 8.3 356 1 304.9 306.3 290.9 327.1 7.35 18 785 2187 11.8 2.8 54 9.0 6.9 5 2 305.4 306.5 289.8 323.5 5.97 19 777 2272 11.6 -0.4 43 12.0 5.4 23 4 306.1 306.9 289.0 320.7 4.78 20 770 2348 11.2 -0.8 43 12.0 5.0 39 5 306.4 307.3 289.0 320.8 4.69 21 749 2578 9.2 -1.8 46 11.0 3.7 58 4 306.7 307.5 288.9 320.5 4.47 22 744 2634 8.6 1.6 61 7.0 4.8 57 3 306.6 307.7 290.0 324.3 5.78 23 736 2723 8.0 3.0 71 5.0 5.2 55 2 306.9 308.1 290.7 326.6 6.46 24 732 2768 8.2 -0.8 53 9.0 3.6 58 1 307.6 308.5 289.6 322.8 4.93 25 730 2791 7.8 0.8 61 7.0 4.1 61 1 307.4 308.5 290.1 324.5 5.56 26 705 3078 5.6 -0.4 65 6.0 2.5 102 4 308.1 309.0 290.0 324.3 5.27 27 703 3101 5.4 -1.6 61 7.0 1.9 105 4 308.1 309.0 289.7 323.1 4.84 28 700 3136 5.2 0.2 70 5.0 2.6 110 4 308.2 309.3 290.4 325.4 5.55 29 698 3159 5.2 0.8 73 4.4 2.9 105 4 308.5 309.6 290.7 326.4 5.82 30 688 3277 4.4 -0.6 70 5.0 1.8 78 4 308.9 309.9 290.4 325.4 5.33 31 674 3444 3.4 -1.1 72 4.5 1.1 40 4 309.6 310.6 290.5 325.9 5.24 32 673 3456 3.2 -1.7 70 4.9 0.7 38 4 309.5 310.4 290.3 325.1 5.02 33 669 3505 3.4 -3.6 60 7.0 0.0 27 4 310.2 311.1 290.0 324.0 4.38 34 664 3566 3.6 -11.4 32 15.0 -2.5 13 4 311.1 311.6 288.4 318.9 2.41 35 658 3639 3.8 -17.2 20 21.0 -3.7 356 4 312.2 312.5 287.8 317.2 1.51 36 633 3953 2.2 -15.8 25 18.0 -4.4 357 4 313.8 314.2 288.6 319.6 1.76 37 599 4399 1.6 -35.4 4 37.0 -7.4 9 7 318.1 318.2 288.5 319.3 0.31 38 593 4480 1.2 -36.8 4 38.0 -7.7 11 9 318.6 318.6 288.6 319.6 0.27 39 559 4952 -2.3 -18.3 28 16.0 -7.9 5 10 319.9 320.2 290.4 325.4 1.62 40 538 5256 -3.9 -23.9 19 20.0 -9.9 346 13 321.5 321.7 290.3 325.1 1.03 41 500 5830 -8.1 -24.1 26 16.0 -12.7 350 18 323.2 323.4 290.9 327.0 1.09 42 485 6065 -9.7 -23.7 31 14.0 -13.7 346 19 324.0 324.3 291.2 328.1 1.16 43 482 6113 -9.9 -27.9 21 18.0 -14.5 345 19 324.4 324.5 290.9 327.2 0.80 44 474 6241 -10.9 -24.9 31 14.0 -14.7 343 20 324.7 324.9 291.3 328.4 1.07 45 472 6273 -11.1 -28.1 23 17.0 -15.4 342 20 324.8 325.0 291.0 327.7 0.80 46 454 6570 -12.7 -31.7 19 19.0 -17.0 337 21 326.4 326.6 291.3 328.6 0.59 47 453 6587 -12.7 -32.7 17 20.0 -17.1 337 21 326.6 326.8 291.3 328.6 0.54 48 446 6705 -13.7 -20.7 55 7.0 -15.9 335 22 326.8 327.2 292.4 332.6 1.65 49 442 6773 -14.5 -19.2 67 4.7 -16.0 336 22 326.7 327.1 292.6 333.2 1.89 50 426 7051 -16.5 -20.6 71 4.1 -17.7 343 25 327.6 327.9 292.7 333.7 1.74 51 409 7355 -18.3 -25.3 54 7.0 -20.1 352 27 329.1 329.3 292.6 333.4 1.20 52 403 7465 -19.3 -24.3 65 5.0 -20.6 357 26 329.2 329.5 292.7 333.9 1.33 53 401 7501 -19.3 -26.3 54 7.0 -21.0 359 25 329.7 329.9 292.7 333.7 1.11 54 400 7520 -19.5 -26.5 54 7.0 -21.2 360 25 329.6 329.9 292.7 333.6 1.10 55 366 8174 -24.9 -28.9 69 4.0 -25.7 358 27 330.9 331.1 292.9 334.4 0.96 56 300 9590 -35.7 -40.7 60 5.0 -36.2 345 34 335.1 335.1 293.4 336.5 0.36 57 250 10830 -46.5 -51.5 57 5.0 -46.7 345 34 336.9 337.0 293.7 337.5 0.13 58 200 12270 -58.9 -63.1 58 4.2 -59.0 340 37 339.5 339.5 294.2 339.7 0.04 59 191 12561 -60.7 -66.7 45 6.0 -60.8 340 36 341.1 341.1 294.6 341.2 0.03 60 150 14080 -60.5 -81.5 5 21.0 -60.7 350 16 365.9 365.9 299.8 365.9 0.00 61 100 16580 -61.3 -86.3 2 25.0 -61.6 270 11 409.3 409.3 306.4 409.3 0.00 62 93 17032 -59.5 -86.5 2 27.0 -59.9 254 10 421.4 421.4 307.9 421.4 0.00 63 89 17306 -61.3 -87.3 2 26.0 -61.6 238 9 423.2 423.2 308.1 423.2 0.00 64 84 17666 -59.9 -87.9 1 28.0 -60.3 217 7 433.1 433.1 309.1 433.1 0.00 65 81 17892 -61.1 -88.1 2 27.0 -61.4 203 6 435.1 435.1 309.4 435.1 0.00 66 75 18371 -60.1 -88.1 1 28.0 -60.5 187 6 446.9 446.9 310.6 446.9 0.00 67 70 18800 -61.5 -88.5 2 27.0 -61.9 235 6 452.8 452.8 311.1 452.8 0.00 68 66 19164 -61.7 -88.7 2 27.0 -62.1 204 10 460.1 460.1 311.8 460.1 0.00 69 52 20653 -57.7 -87.7 1 30.0 -58.4 143 6 501.8 501.8 315.1 501.9 0.00 70 50 20900 -58.7 -88.7 1 30.0 -59.4 125 5 505.2 505.2 315.3 505.2 0.00 71 49 21027 -59.1 -89.1 1 30.0 -59.7 134 5 507.1 507.1 315.4 507.1 0.00 72 47 21289 -57.7 -88.7 1 31.0 -58.5 152 5 516.6 516.6 316.1 516.6 0.00 73 46 21424 -59.1 -88.1 1 29.0 -59.8 170 4 516.4 516.4 316.1 516.4 0.00 74 41 22146 -58.5 -88.5 1 30.0 -59.3 143 6 535.1 535.2 317.2 535.2 0.00 75 40 22302 -56.7 -88.7 1 32.0 -57.8 125 7 543.5 543.5 317.7 543.5 0.00 76 31 23929 -53.5 -87.5 1 34.0 -55.3 113 7 593.2 593.2 320.3 593.2 0.01 77 30 24140 -54.3 -87.3 1 33.0 -56.0 120 5 596.6 596.6 320.5 596.6 0.01 78 29 24357 -54.5 -87.5 1 33.0 -56.2 53 7 601.9 601.9 320.7 601.9 0.01 79 25 25312 -53.1 -87.1 1 34.0 -55.4 8 7 632.0 632.0 322.0 632.0 0.01 80 24 25575 -54.7 -87.7 1 33.0 -56.7 11 9 634.8 634.8 322.1 634.8 0.01 81 22 26135 -52.3 -87.3 1 35.0 -54.9 34 13 657.9 657.9 323.0 658.0 0.01 82 22 26135 -53.3 -86.3 1 33.0 -55.7 34 13 654.9 654.9 322.9 655.0 0.01 83 20 26750 -52.7 -86.7 1 34.0 -55.5 100 22 674.9 674.9 323.6 674.9 0.01 84 18 27432 -53.9 -86.9 1 33.0 -56.6 94 10 691.7 691.7 324.1 691.8 0.01 85 15 28621 -49.3 -86.3 1 37.0 -53.8 104 10 744.0 744.0 325.8 744.2 0.02 86 15 28621 -47.7 -85.7 0 38.0 -52.8 104 10 749.4 749.4 325.9 749.5 0.02 87 14 29078 -48.9 -84.9 1 36.0 -53.8 88 18 760.2 760.2 326.2 760.4 0.02 88 12 30095 -48.7 -84.7 1 36.0 -54.1 70 22 795.2 795.2 327.1 795.4 0.03 89 11 30671 -46.9 -84.9 1 38.0 -53.4 57 21 821.8 821.8 327.8 822.0 0.03 90 10 31310 -42.9 -82.9 0 40.0 -51.7 35 17 859.4 859.4 328.6 859.8 0.04 91 10 31310 -42.9 -82.9 0 40.0 -51.7 35 17 859.4 859.4 328.6 859.8 0.04 92 9.2 31872 -42.5 -82.5 0 40.0 -51.8 42 15 881.7 881.7 329.1 882.2 0.05 93 7.8 32981 -44.7 -84.7 0 40.0 -53.6 56 11 915.5 915.5 329.7 915.9 0.04 94 7.0 33710 -41.3 -82.3 0 41.0 -52.6 65 8 958.3 958.4 330.5 959.0 0.07 95 6.7 34008 -40.7 -81.7 0 41.0 -52.5 972.9 973.0 330.8 973.7 0.08 96 6.6 34110 -41.9 -82.9 0 41.0 -53.1 972.1 972.1 330.7 972.7 0.06 97 6.2 34534 -40.9 -81.9 0 41.0 -53.0 993.9 993.9 331.1 994.8 0.08 TRP 191 12561 -60.7 -66.7 45 6.0 -60.8 340 36 341.1 341.1 294.6 341.2 0.03 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5718.00 m Freezing level: 581.34 mb = 4642.05 m = 15229.64 ft Wetbulb zero: 668.96 mb = 3505.20 m = 11499.87 ft Precipitable water: 0.94 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 39.77 % Est. max temperature: 28.18 C = 82.73 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 834.55 mb = 1670.76 m = 5481.43 ft T: 15.41 C 700-500 lapse rate: 4.94 C/km ThetaE index: 2.95 C Layer 865.0- 850.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 581.91 mb = 4631.13 m = 15193.80 ft Mean mixing ratio: 6.64 g/kg Conv temperature: 42.89 C = 109.20 F Cap Strength: 8.39 C Lifted Index: 7.93 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 10.75 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 4.48 C Showalter Index: 3.42 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 42.00 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 24.50 C Cross Totals Index: 17.50 C K Index: 28.90 Risk: 40-60 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 142.80 Risk: None Energy Index: -0.40 Risk: Scattered severe thunderstorms Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 17.57 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 5.93 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 75307.10 J/kg Cap Strength: 8.31 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 746.21 mb = 2609.35 m = 8560.75 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 23 at 6 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 968 405 60 4 -3.5 -2.0 | 159 3 -1.2 3.2 1 945 610 335 4 1.7 -3.6 | 248 4 3.9 1.6 2 925 789 335 6 2.5 -5.4 | 273 5 4.8 -0.2 3 912 914 315 5 3.5 -3.5 | 254 6 5.8 1.7 4 880 1219 315 3 2.1 -2.1 | 235 5 4.4 3.1 5 850 1515 275 6 6.0 -0.5 | 240 9 8.2 4.7 6 819 1829 290 3 2.8 -1.0 | 230 7 5.1 4.2 7 789 2134 355 1 0.1 -1.0 | 209 5 2.3 4.2 8 761 2438 60 7 -6.1 -3.5 | 114 4 -3.8 1.7 9 734 2743 55 1 -0.8 -0.6 | 197 5 1.4 4.6 10 700 3136 110 4 -3.8 1.4 | 167 7 -1.5 6.6 11 656 3658 350 4 0.7 -3.9 | 246 3 2.9 1.3 12 608 4267 5 5 -0.4 -5.0 | 263 2 1.8 0.2 13 585 4572 15 11 -2.8 -10.6 | 6 5 -0.6 -5.4 14 563 4877 10 9 -1.6 -8.9 | 350 4 0.7 -3.6 15 542 5182 345 13 3.4 -12.6 | 323 9 5.6 -7.3 16 502 5791 355 16 1.4 -15.9 | 341 11 3.6 -10.7 17 500 5830 350 18 3.1 -17.7 | 337 14 5.4 -12.5 18 483 6096 345 19 4.9 -18.4 | 331 15 7.2 -13.1 19 445 6706 335 22 9.3 -19.9 | 322 19 11.5 -14.7 20 411 7315 350 27 4.7 -26.6 | 342 22 6.9 -21.4 21 400 7520 360 25 -0.0 -25.0 | 354 20 2.2 -19.8 22 394 7620 360 25 -0.0 -25.0 | 354 20 2.2 -19.8 23 319 9144 355 30 2.6 -29.9 | 349 25 4.8 -24.7 24 300 9590 345 34 8.8 -32.8 | 338 30 11.0 -27.6 25 280 10058 340 33 11.3 -31.0 | 332 29 13.5 -25.8 26 250 10830 345 34 8.8 -32.8 | 338 30 11.0 -27.6 27 200 12270 340 37 12.7 -34.8 | 333 33 14.9 -29.6 28 191 12561 340 36 12.3 -33.8 | 333 32 14.5 -28.6 29 184 12802 320 41 26.4 -31.4 | 312 39 28.6 -26.2 30 167 13411 345 27 7.0 -26.1 | 336 23 9.2 -20.9 31 159 13716 320 29 18.6 -22.2 | 309 27 20.9 -17.0 32 151 14021 350 22 3.8 -21.7 | 340 18 6.1 -16.5 33 150 14080 350 16 2.8 -15.8 | 335 12 5.0 -10.5 34 144 14326 350 15 2.6 -14.8 | 333 11 4.8 -9.6 35 137 14630 315 20 14.1 -14.1 | 299 19 16.4 -8.9 36 131 14935 300 15 13.0 -7.5 | 279 15 15.2 -2.3 37 124 15240 300 20 17.3 -10.0 | 284 20 19.6 -4.8 38 118 15545 305 13 10.6 -7.5 | 280 13 12.9 -2.2 39 113 15850 275 12 12.0 -1.0 | 254 15 14.2 4.2 40 107 16154 285 12 11.6 -3.1 | 261 14 13.8 2.1 41 100 16580 270 11 11.0 -0.0 | 248 14 13.2 5.2 42 97 16764 270 11 11.0 -0.0 | 248 14 13.2 5.2 43 76 18288 180 4 0.0 4.0 | 194 9 2.2 9.2 44 72 18593 205 10 4.2 9.1 | 204 16 6.5 14.3 45 70 18800 235 6 4.9 3.4 | 220 11 7.1 8.7 46 69 18898 235 10 8.2 5.7 | 224 15 10.4 11.0 47 66 19202 200 10 3.4 9.4 | 201 16 5.7 14.6 48 63 19507 230 11 8.4 7.1 | 221 16 10.7 12.3 49 50 20900 125 5 -4.1 2.9 | 167 8 -1.9 8.1 50 47 21336 155 5 -2.1 4.5 | 181 10 0.1 9.7 51 44 21641 205 1 0.4 0.9 | 203 7 2.7 6.1 52 37 22860 60 12 -10.4 -6.0 | 85 8 -8.2 -0.8 53 35 23165 85 14 -13.9 -1.2 | 109 12 -11.7 4.0 54 30 24140 120 5 -4.3 2.5 | 165 8 -2.1 7.7 55 29 24384 45 7 -4.9 -4.9 | 96 3 -2.7 0.3 56 28 24689 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 203 6 2.2 5.2 57 23 25908 15 13 -3.4 -12.6 | 9 7 -1.1 -7.3 58 21 26518 65 12 -10.9 -5.1 | 91 9 -8.6 0.1 59 20 26750 100 22 -21.7 3.8 | 115 21 -19.4 9.0 60 20 26822 85 13 -13.0 -1.1 | 111 11 -10.7 4.1 61 19 27127 95 22 -21.9 1.9 | 110 21 -19.7 7.1 62 18 27432 95 10 -10.0 0.9 | 128 10 -7.7 6.1 63 17 27737 65 12 -10.9 -5.1 | 91 9 -8.6 0.1 64 16 28042 110 14 -13.2 4.8 | 132 15 -10.9 10.0 65 16 28346 75 13 -12.6 -3.4 | 100 10 -10.3 1.9 66 15 28651 105 10 -9.7 2.6 | 136 11 -7.4 7.8 67 14 28956 95 14 -13.9 1.2 | 119 13 -11.7 6.4 68 14 29261 80 22 -21.7 -3.8 | 94 19 -19.4 1.4 69 13 29566 80 10 -9.8 -1.7 | 115 8 -7.6 3.5 70 12 29870 50 13 -10.0 -8.4 | 68 8 -7.7 -3.1 71 12 30175 75 24 -23.2 -6.2 | 87 21 -20.9 -1.0 72 10 31310 35 17 -9.8 -13.9 | 41 12 -7.5 -8.7 73 7 33710 65 8 -7.3 -3.4 | 110 5 -5.0 1.8 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 353.2 at 7.6 knts Storm direction: 23.2 at 5.7 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 1.2 neg: 1.3 tot: 2.5 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 4.6 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 10.0 neg: -16.4 tot: -6.4 m^2/s^2 ave: -2.1 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: -0.05 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 7.0 stream: -0.3 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.00 Bulk Rich Number: 14.73 Bulk Shear: 1.19 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 344 5 259 4| 0.0 7.4 7.4| 4.3 -2.0 2.3 4.6 0.47| 9.9 4.6 1000 327 4 251 5| 0.0 4.1 4.1| 5.5 -4.8 0.6 0.6 0.23| 7.2 1.7 1500 310 4 247 6| 0.9 2.8 3.7| 5.5 -8.5 -3.0 -2.0 0.08| 6.7 0.5 2000 319 4 246 5| 2.5 2.1 4.6| 5.6 -12.3 -6.7 -3.4 -0.14| 7.3 -1.0 2500 337 4 246 4| 1.4 1.7 3.1| 9.7 -13.4 -3.7 -1.5 -0.00| 7.1 -0.0 3000 353 4 242 3| 1.2 1.3 2.5| 10.0 -16.4 -6.4 -2.1 -0.05| 7.0 -0.3 4000 356 4 245 3| 1.1 1.4 2.5| 13.3 -16.4 -3.1 -0.8 0.09| 6.3 0.6 5000 358 5 276 2| 0.9 1.8 2.7| 17.7 -22.7 -5.0 -1.0 0.05| 6.3 0.3 6000 353 8 306 4| 0.7 2.1 2.8| 22.8 -35.5 -12.7 -2.1 0.03| 6.0 0.2 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KMFR/skewt/KMFR.skewt.20250913.06.gif