UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025091706.upa.cvt Date: 0600Z 17 SEP 25 Searching for KMFR... Searching the city database file for: KMFR ... Date:0600Z 17 SEP 25 Station: KMFR WMO ident: 72597 Latitude: 42.37 Longitude: -122.87 Elevation: 405.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 117 SFC 969 405 22.8 8.8 41 14.0 14.4 230 4 298.6 300.0 288.8 320.2 7.35 2 963 458 26.0 9.0 34 17.0 15.6 244 7 302.4 303.8 290.2 324.8 7.49 3 961 476 26.2 9.2 34 17.0 15.7 249 8 302.8 304.2 290.4 325.5 7.61 4 956 521 26.8 8.8 32 18.0 15.7 261 11 303.8 305.2 290.6 326.2 7.45 5 936 703 26.0 8.0 32 18.0 15.0 292 16 304.9 306.2 290.7 326.6 7.20 6 925 805 25.0 8.0 34 17.0 14.7 300 17 304.9 306.2 290.8 326.9 7.29 7 859 1448 20.0 7.0 43 13.0 12.2 350 11 306.2 307.5 291.3 328.4 7.33 8 850 1539 19.4 6.4 43 13.0 11.7 350 12 306.5 307.8 291.2 328.1 7.11 9 763 2459 14.0 -1.0 36 15.0 6.1 117 6 310.2 311.1 290.2 324.8 4.66 10 729 2841 11.0 -2.0 40 13.0 4.3 163 10 311.0 311.9 290.3 325.3 4.53 11 713 3026 10.0 -5.0 34 15.0 2.7 178 14 311.9 312.6 289.9 323.6 3.70 12 700 3179 8.6 -5.4 37 14.0 1.9 160 13 312.0 312.7 289.9 323.6 3.65 13 680 3418 6.4 -2.6 53 9.0 1.8 171 15 312.1 313.0 290.8 326.8 4.65 14 677 3454 6.2 -3.8 49 10.0 1.3 174 15 312.3 313.1 290.5 325.8 4.26 15 676 3466 6.0 -6.0 42 12.0 0.4 175 15 312.2 312.9 289.9 323.7 3.61 16 675 3478 6.4 -9.6 31 16.0 -0.6 177 15 312.8 313.3 289.2 321.6 2.73 17 673 3502 6.6 -16.4 17 23.0 -2.0 179 15 313.3 313.6 288.3 318.5 1.58 18 657 3699 5.0 -16.0 20 21.0 -2.9 197 16 313.7 314.0 288.5 319.2 1.67 19 653 3749 4.8 -17.2 19 22.0 -3.3 202 15 314.0 314.3 288.4 319.0 1.52 20 648 3812 6.0 -27.0 7 33.0 -4.0 207 15 316.0 316.2 288.2 318.3 0.65 21 630 4042 4.8 -29.2 6 34.0 -4.9 219 13 317.2 317.3 288.5 319.1 0.54 22 625 4107 4.6 -20.4 14 25.0 -4.1 218 13 317.7 317.9 289.3 321.8 1.21 23 616 4224 3.4 -12.6 30 16.0 -3.2 216 12 317.7 318.1 290.4 325.4 2.36 24 610 4304 2.6 -13.4 30 16.0 -3.8 214 12 317.6 318.1 290.3 325.0 2.23 25 558 5017 -2.5 -16.5 33 14.0 -7.6 195 13 319.8 320.2 290.6 326.1 1.89 26 555 5060 -2.9 -16.9 33 14.0 -7.9 195 13 319.8 320.2 290.6 326.0 1.83 27 517 5619 -5.9 -31.9 11 26.0 -12.2 213 15 322.7 322.8 290.2 324.6 0.51 28 500 5880 -7.5 -32.5 12 25.0 -13.3 230 14 323.9 324.0 290.5 325.7 0.50 29 482 6165 -8.9 -32.9 12 24.0 -14.4 217 16 325.6 325.7 291.0 327.4 0.50 30 469 6375 -10.7 -29.7 19 19.0 -15.3 207 20 325.9 326.0 291.3 328.4 0.69 31 446 6760 -12.7 -42.7 6 30.0 -17.8 204 19 328.1 328.1 291.4 328.9 0.20 32 443 6812 -12.9 -43.9 6 31.0 -18.0 210 19 328.5 328.5 291.5 329.2 0.18 33 422 7180 -16.1 -32.1 24 16.0 -19.5 229 20 329.0 329.1 292.0 331.2 0.61 34 405 7488 -18.9 -33.9 25 15.0 -21.8 226 23 329.3 329.4 292.0 331.2 0.54 35 400 7580 -19.7 -35.7 23 16.0 -22.6 225 24 329.4 329.5 292.0 331.1 0.46 36 396 7655 -20.1 -37.1 20 17.0 -23.0 225 25 329.8 329.9 292.1 331.3 0.40 37 338 8804 -30.7 -39.7 41 9.0 -31.8 229 27 330.6 330.7 292.3 332.0 0.36 38 318 9234 -33.9 -47.9 23 14.0 -35.1 231 28 332.0 332.0 292.4 332.6 0.16 39 301 9617 -36.7 -51.7 20 15.0 -37.7 235 29 333.3 333.3 292.7 333.8 0.11 40 300 9640 -36.9 -50.9 22 14.0 -37.9 235 29 333.4 333.4 292.7 333.8 0.12 41 291 9849 -38.7 -54.7 17 16.0 -39.6 233 29 333.7 333.7 292.8 334.0 0.08 42 267 10431 -42.3 -61.3 11 19.0 -43.0 237 26 336.8 336.8 293.6 336.9 0.04 43 258 10661 -44.3 -58.3 20 14.0 -44.9 241 24 337.2 337.2 293.7 337.4 0.06 44 250 10870 -45.7 -59.7 19 14.0 -46.2 245 23 338.1 338.1 293.9 338.3 0.05 45 241 11114 -47.3 -62.3 16 15.0 -47.7 243 23 339.3 339.3 294.2 339.4 0.04 46 231 11393 -49.5 -60.5 26 11.0 -49.8 240 24 340.1 340.1 294.4 340.3 0.05 47 224 11594 -50.7 -64.7 17 14.0 -51.0 238 25 341.2 341.2 294.7 341.4 0.03 48 212 11953 -51.1 -70.1 9 19.0 -51.5 234 26 346.0 346.0 295.8 346.1 0.01 49 200 12330 -53.9 -69.9 12 16.0 -54.2 230 27 347.4 347.4 296.1 347.5 0.02 50 184 12863 -55.9 -72.9 10 17.0 -56.2 229 31 352.6 352.6 297.2 352.6 0.01 51 150 14150 -60.3 -81.3 5 21.0 -60.5 230 20 366.2 366.2 299.9 366.2 0.00 52 137 14711 -62.3 -83.3 4 21.0 -62.4 230 20 372.3 372.3 300.9 372.3 0.00 53 135 14802 -61.7 -82.7 4 21.0 -61.9 224 19 374.9 374.9 301.4 374.9 0.00 54 130 15034 -63.3 -83.3 5 20.0 -63.4 215 22 376.1 376.1 301.6 376.1 0.00 55 125 15275 -64.1 -84.1 5 20.0 -64.3 215 28 378.9 378.9 302.1 378.9 0.00 56 121 15474 -63.5 -83.5 5 20.0 -63.7 213 25 383.5 383.5 302.8 383.6 0.00 57 106 16277 -67.7 -85.7 6 18.0 -67.8 235 26 390.4 390.4 303.8 390.4 0.00 58 102 16510 -64.9 -85.9 4 21.0 -65.1 247 22 400.1 400.1 305.2 400.1 0.00 59 100 16630 -65.5 -86.5 4 21.0 -65.7 265 12 401.2 401.2 305.3 401.2 0.00 60 93 17070 -67.7 -86.7 5 19.0 -67.8 235 10 405.2 405.2 305.9 405.3 0.00 61 89 17337 -63.7 -86.7 3 23.0 -63.9 244 12 418.4 418.4 307.5 418.4 0.00 62 82 17838 -65.3 -88.3 3 23.0 -65.5 168 17 425.0 425.0 308.3 425.0 0.00 63 75 18386 -62.7 -88.7 2 26.0 -63.0 203 13 441.4 441.5 310.0 441.5 0.00 64 71 18723 -63.9 -88.9 2 25.0 -64.1 208 11 445.9 445.9 310.4 445.9 0.00 65 70 18810 -63.9 -88.9 2 25.0 -64.1 180 11 447.7 447.7 310.6 447.7 0.00 66 57 20071 -61.9 -88.9 2 27.0 -62.3 111 10 479.3 479.3 313.4 479.3 0.00 67 55 20291 -62.9 -88.9 2 26.0 -63.3 106 10 481.9 481.9 313.6 482.0 0.00 68 50 20880 -60.5 -88.5 1 28.0 -61.0 110 8 500.9 500.9 315.0 500.9 0.00 69 48 21136 -59.1 -88.1 1 29.0 -59.7 121 8 510.1 510.1 315.7 510.1 0.00 70 46 21403 -59.3 -88.3 1 29.0 -60.0 126 8 515.9 515.9 316.0 515.9 0.00 71 44 21683 -58.1 -88.1 1 30.0 -58.9 110 6 525.4 525.4 316.6 525.4 0.00 72 41 22127 -59.1 -88.1 1 29.0 -59.9 84 3 533.7 533.7 317.2 533.7 0.00 73 39 22443 -57.5 -87.5 1 30.0 -58.5 66 2 545.4 545.4 317.8 545.4 0.00 74 37 22775 -58.5 -88.5 1 30.0 -59.4 56 4 551.1 551.1 318.2 551.1 0.00 75 32 23697 -54.7 -86.7 1 32.0 -56.2 49 10 584.6 584.6 319.9 584.7 0.01 76 31 23900 -55.7 -86.7 1 31.0 -57.1 64 10 587.3 587.3 320.0 587.3 0.01 77 30 24110 -54.5 -87.5 1 33.0 -56.2 95 11 596.1 596.1 320.5 596.1 0.01 78 28 24552 -52.9 -85.9 1 33.0 -55.0 69 12 612.4 612.4 321.2 612.4 0.01 79 21 26397 -54.5 -86.5 1 32.0 -56.8 98 8 660.1 660.1 323.0 660.2 0.01 80 20 26710 -53.3 -86.3 1 33.0 -55.9 120 10 673.0 673.0 323.5 673.1 0.01 81 19 27042 -51.3 -86.3 1 35.0 -54.5 110 10 689.2 689.2 324.1 689.3 0.01 82 18 27393 -51.1 -85.1 1 34.0 -54.5 100 9 700.6 700.6 324.4 700.7 0.02 TRP 106 16277 -67.7 -85.7 6 18.0 -67.8 235 26 390.4 390.4 303.8 390.4 0.00 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5763.00 m Freezing level: 583.49 mb = 4667.53 m = 15313.24 ft Wetbulb zero: 675.60 mb = 3470.66 m = 11386.54 ft Precipitable water: 0.83 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 30.87 % Est. max temperature: 31.87 C = 89.36 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 787.71 mb = 2187.30 m = 7176.11 ft T: 15.59 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.96 C/km ThetaE index: 3.59 C Layer 850.0- 729.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 602.89 mb = 4397.62 m = 14427.70 ft Mean mixing ratio: 7.33 g/kg Conv temperature: 41.91 C = 107.44 F Cap Strength: 6.51 C Lifted Index: 5.31 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 5.44 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 5.47 C Showalter Index: 4.67 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 40.80 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 26.90 C Cross Totals Index: 13.90 C K Index: 19.30 Risk: < 20 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 114.80 Risk: None Energy Index: -0.29 Risk: Scattered severe thunderstorms Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 12.77 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 5.05 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 37967.52 J/kg Cap Strength: 6.38 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 722.24 mb = 2919.05 m = 9576.83 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 245 at 9 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 969 405 230 4 3.1 2.6 | 76 5 -5.2 -1.3 1 946 610 285 16 15.5 -4.1 | 318 11 7.2 -8.0 2 925 805 300 17 14.7 -8.5 | 333 14 6.4 -12.4 3 913 914 310 15 11.5 -9.6 | 347 14 3.2 -13.5 4 882 1219 335 13 5.5 -11.8 | 10 16 -2.8 -15.7 5 851 1524 355 10 0.9 -10.0 | 28 16 -7.4 -13.8 6 850 1539 350 12 2.1 -11.8 | 22 17 -6.2 -15.7 7 821 1829 355 6 0.5 -6.0 | 38 13 -7.8 -9.9 8 792 2134 170 1 -0.2 1.0 | 71 9 -8.5 -2.9 9 764 2438 115 6 -5.4 2.5 | 84 14 -13.7 -1.3 10 737 2743 155 8 -3.4 7.3 | 106 12 -11.7 3.4 11 711 3048 180 14 0.0 14.0 | 141 13 -8.3 10.1 12 700 3179 160 13 -4.4 12.2 | 123 15 -12.7 8.3 13 685 3353 165 15 -3.9 14.5 | 131 16 -12.2 10.6 14 659 3658 195 16 4.1 15.5 | 160 12 -4.2 11.6 15 635 3962 220 13 8.4 10.0 | 181 6 0.1 6.1 16 611 4267 215 12 6.9 9.8 | 167 6 -1.4 5.9 17 567 4877 195 12 3.1 11.6 | 146 9 -5.2 7.7 18 545 5182 195 14 3.6 13.5 | 154 11 -4.7 9.6 19 525 5486 205 16 6.8 14.5 | 172 11 -1.5 10.6 20 500 5880 230 14 10.7 9.0 | 205 6 2.4 5.1 21 486 6096 220 15 9.6 11.5 | 190 8 1.4 7.6 22 467 6401 205 21 8.9 19.0 | 182 15 0.6 15.2 23 449 6706 200 19 6.5 17.9 | 173 14 -1.8 14.0 24 431 7010 230 18 13.8 11.6 | 216 9 5.5 7.7 25 400 7580 225 24 17.0 17.0 | 214 16 8.7 13.1 26 398 7620 225 25 17.7 17.7 | 214 17 9.4 13.8 27 322 9144 230 28 21.4 18.0 | 223 19 13.2 14.1 28 300 9640 235 29 23.8 16.6 | 230 20 15.5 12.8 29 282 10058 230 28 21.4 18.0 | 223 19 13.2 14.1 30 250 10870 245 23 20.8 9.7 | 245 14 12.6 5.8 31 246 10973 245 23 20.8 9.7 | 245 14 12.6 5.8 32 200 12330 230 27 20.7 17.4 | 223 18 12.4 13.5 33 195 12497 225 28 19.8 19.8 | 216 20 11.5 15.9 34 169 13411 235 35 28.7 20.1 | 232 26 20.4 16.2 35 150 14150 230 20 15.3 12.9 | 218 11 7.0 9.0 36 139 14630 235 20 16.4 11.5 | 227 11 8.1 7.6 37 132 14935 215 19 10.9 15.6 | 193 12 2.6 11.7 38 126 15240 215 28 16.1 22.9 | 202 21 7.8 19.1 39 114 15850 210 20 10.0 17.3 | 187 14 1.7 13.4 40 106 16277 235 26 21.3 14.9 | 230 17 13.0 11.0 41 103 16459 240 26 22.5 13.0 | 237 17 14.2 9.1 42 100 16630 265 12 12.0 1.0 | 308 5 3.7 -2.8 43 98 16764 265 12 12.0 1.0 | 308 5 3.7 -2.8 44 93 17069 235 10 8.2 5.7 | 177 2 -0.1 1.9 45 89 17374 245 12 10.9 5.1 | 245 3 2.6 1.2 46 84 17678 160 10 -3.4 9.4 | 115 13 -11.7 5.5 47 80 17983 175 23 -2.0 22.9 | 152 22 -10.3 19.0 48 76 18288 180 14 0.0 14.0 | 141 13 -8.3 10.1 49 73 18593 250 10 9.4 3.4 | 293 1 1.1 -0.5 50 70 18810 180 11 0.0 11.0 | 131 11 -8.3 7.1 51 66 19202 190 10 1.7 9.8 | 132 9 -6.6 6.0 52 59 19812 90 10 -10.0 0.0 | 78 19 -18.3 -3.9 53 57 20117 115 10 -9.1 4.2 | 91 17 -17.4 0.3 54 54 20422 100 10 -9.8 1.7 | 83 18 -18.1 -2.1 55 51 20726 105 18 -17.4 4.7 | 92 26 -25.7 0.8 56 50 20880 110 8 -7.5 2.7 | 86 16 -15.8 -1.1 57 47 21336 130 8 -6.1 5.1 | 95 14 -14.4 1.3 58 38 22555 60 1 -0.9 -0.5 | 64 10 -9.2 -4.4 59 35 23165 50 10 -7.7 -6.4 | 57 19 -16.0 -10.3 60 33 23470 60 11 -9.5 -5.5 | 62 20 -17.8 -9.4 61 32 23774 45 10 -7.1 -7.1 | 55 19 -15.4 -11.0 62 30 24110 95 11 -11.0 1.0 | 81 19 -19.2 -2.9 63 29 24384 95 16 -15.9 1.4 | 84 24 -24.2 -2.5 64 26 24994 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 65 9 -8.3 -3.9 65 20 26710 120 10 -8.7 5.0 | 94 17 -17.0 1.1 66 16 27432 80 8 -7.9 -1.4 | 72 17 -16.2 -5.3 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 214.9 at 12.2 knts Storm direction: 244.9 at 9.2 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 2.3 neg: 0.0 tot: 2.3 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 59.5 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 161.6 neg: -16.4 tot: 145.3 m^2/s^2 ave: 48.4 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.45 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 12.9 stream: 5.8 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.01 Bulk Rich Number: 0.38 Bulk Shear: 33.62 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 290 14 332 10| 15.4 0.0 15.4| 21.8 -3.1 18.7 37.3 -0.06| 25.1 -1.6 1000 309 14 350 13| 6.9 0.0 6.9| 60.1 -3.1 57.0 57.0 0.23| 17.6 4.1 1500 320 12 3 13| 3.0 0.0 3.0| 93.2 -5.8 87.4 58.2 0.36| 15.5 5.6 2000 321 10 11 12| 2.0 0.0 2.0|111.2 -5.8 105.4 52.7 0.39| 14.6 5.7 2500 320 9 12 11| 2.0 0.0 2.0|140.3 -5.8 134.5 53.8 0.47| 13.5 6.3 3000 288 10 350 7| 2.3 0.0 2.3|161.6 -16.4 145.3 48.4 0.45| 12.9 5.8 4000 228 11 178 4| 1.3 0.2 1.5|190.8 -19.5 171.3 42.8 0.45| 11.7 5.2 5000 215 11 162 6| 1.4 0.5 1.9|200.9 -23.7 177.3 35.5 0.43| 10.1 4.4 6000 215 12 168 6| 1.2 1.1 2.2|212.9 -31.8 181.1 30.2 0.38| 9.9 3.8 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KMFR/skewt/KMFR.skewt.20250917.06.gif