UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025091806.upa.cvt Date: 0600Z 18 SEP 25 Searching for KMFR... Searching the city database file for: KMFR ... Date:0600Z 18 SEP 25 Station: KMFR WMO ident: 72597 Latitude: 42.37 Longitude: -122.87 Elevation: 405.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 119 SFC 969 405 21.6 2.6 29 19.0 11.4 10 4 297.4 298.3 285.9 311.5 4.76 2 960 484 24.0 3.0 25 21.0 12.4 349 6 300.6 301.5 287.2 315.5 4.94 3 925 799 21.8 1.8 27 20.0 11.0 310 6 301.6 302.5 287.3 315.8 4.71 4 892 1112 19.6 1.6 30 18.0 9.9 351 4 302.5 303.4 287.8 317.0 4.81 5 850 1524 16.8 2.8 39 14.0 9.1 300 7 303.7 304.8 288.9 320.4 5.51 6 843 1594 16.2 3.2 42 13.0 9.0 301 7 303.8 304.9 289.1 321.1 5.72 7 840 1625 16.4 5.4 48 11.0 10.0 302 7 304.4 305.6 290.2 324.6 6.71 8 827 1758 16.0 7.0 55 9.0 10.6 304 6 305.3 306.7 291.2 328.3 7.62 9 792 2125 15.0 5.0 51 10.0 9.2 79 6 308.0 309.3 291.5 329.2 6.92 10 780 2254 14.0 6.0 58 8.0 9.3 98 6 308.3 309.7 292.1 331.3 7.54 11 768 2385 14.0 2.0 44 12.0 7.3 113 5 309.7 310.8 291.0 327.5 5.76 12 759 2484 13.2 3.2 51 10.0 7.5 129 5 309.8 311.0 291.6 329.5 6.36 13 756 2517 13.4 0.4 41 13.0 6.4 136 5 310.4 311.4 290.7 326.7 5.21 14 725 2869 11.4 -4.6 32 16.0 3.5 177 9 312.0 312.7 289.9 323.9 3.75 15 709 3055 9.8 -4.2 37 14.0 2.9 165 12 312.2 312.9 290.2 324.7 3.95 16 700 3161 9.0 -6.0 34 15.0 1.9 170 11 312.5 313.1 289.8 323.6 3.49 17 682 3376 7.6 -11.4 25 19.0 -0.4 184 10 313.2 313.7 289.0 320.9 2.34 18 647 3808 4.0 -16.0 22 20.0 -3.4 175 8 313.9 314.2 288.6 319.5 1.69 19 639 3909 3.0 -16.0 23 19.0 -4.0 175 9 313.9 314.2 288.6 319.6 1.72 20 629 4036 2.6 -24.4 12 27.0 -5.7 178 10 314.8 315.0 288.0 317.7 0.84 21 605 4350 0.8 -20.2 19 21.0 -6.2 194 10 316.3 316.5 288.9 320.6 1.27 22 595 4484 1.2 -25.8 11 27.0 -6.8 203 11 318.3 318.4 289.0 321.0 0.78 23 542 5229 -3.7 -35.7 6 32.0 -10.9 213 19 321.0 321.1 289.5 322.3 0.34 24 500 5860 -8.9 -35.9 9 27.0 -14.5 210 23 322.2 322.3 289.8 323.5 0.36 25 436 6901 -18.3 -37.3 17 19.0 -21.5 209 20 323.1 323.2 290.1 324.5 0.36 26 426 7073 -19.1 -43.1 10 24.0 -22.5 206 18 324.3 324.3 290.3 325.0 0.20 27 410 7358 -19.9 -48.9 6 29.0 -23.4 202 16 326.8 326.8 290.9 327.2 0.11 28 400 7540 -21.7 -37.7 22 16.0 -24.2 200 14 326.8 326.9 291.2 328.2 0.37 29 396 7614 -22.3 -37.3 24 15.0 -24.6 200 14 326.9 327.0 291.3 328.4 0.39 30 388 7762 -23.5 -40.5 19 17.0 -25.9 206 14 327.3 327.3 291.3 328.4 0.29 31 386 7800 -23.7 -38.7 24 15.0 -25.9 208 14 327.5 327.6 291.4 328.8 0.35 32 371 8087 -26.3 -39.3 28 13.0 -28.0 220 14 327.8 327.9 291.5 329.1 0.34 33 363 8244 -27.1 -49.1 11 22.0 -29.2 227 13 328.8 328.8 291.5 329.2 0.12 34 355 8403 -28.3 -41.3 28 13.0 -29.9 234 13 329.3 329.3 291.8 330.4 0.29 35 353 8443 -28.7 -42.7 25 14.0 -30.3 235 13 329.3 329.3 291.7 330.2 0.25 36 341 8689 -30.9 -39.9 41 9.0 -32.0 235 13 329.5 329.6 291.9 330.8 0.35 37 335 8814 -32.1 -41.1 40 9.0 -33.1 231 13 329.6 329.6 291.9 330.8 0.31 38 327 8983 -33.5 -40.5 49 7.0 -34.3 226 12 329.9 330.0 292.0 331.2 0.34 39 326 9005 -33.7 -40.7 49 7.0 -34.4 225 12 329.9 330.0 292.0 331.2 0.34 40 323 9069 -34.1 -43.1 40 9.0 -35.0 223 12 330.3 330.3 292.0 331.3 0.26 41 319 9156 -34.7 -41.7 49 7.0 -35.4 220 12 330.6 330.7 292.2 331.8 0.31 42 313 9288 -35.9 -45.9 35 10.0 -36.7 227 14 330.7 330.8 292.1 331.5 0.20 43 306 9444 -37.3 -46.3 39 9.0 -38.0 235 16 330.9 331.0 292.2 331.7 0.20 44 302 9534 -38.1 -51.1 24 13.0 -38.9 232 18 331.0 331.1 292.1 331.5 0.12 45 300 9580 -38.3 -52.3 22 14.0 -39.2 230 19 331.4 331.4 292.2 331.8 0.10 46 296 9672 -38.9 -53.9 19 15.0 -39.8 228 19 331.8 331.8 292.3 332.2 0.08 47 276 10149 -42.7 -54.7 26 12.0 -43.3 220 21 333.0 333.0 292.6 333.4 0.08 48 273 10223 -43.5 -56.5 22 13.0 -44.0 218 21 332.9 332.9 292.6 333.2 0.07 49 250 10810 -47.7 -59.7 24 12.0 -48.1 215 26 335.2 335.2 293.2 335.4 0.05 50 246 10916 -48.3 -60.3 24 12.0 -48.7 217 27 335.8 335.8 293.3 336.0 0.05 51 228 11414 -51.3 -63.3 23 12.0 -51.6 221 31 338.6 338.6 294.0 338.7 0.03 52 223 11558 -52.3 -62.3 29 10.0 -52.5 216 33 339.2 339.2 294.1 339.4 0.04 53 215 11794 -53.3 -68.3 14 15.0 -53.6 218 35 341.2 341.2 294.6 341.3 0.02 54 214 11824 -53.3 -69.3 13 16.0 -53.6 219 35 341.7 341.7 294.7 341.8 0.02 55 205 12101 -53.3 -72.3 8 19.0 -53.6 223 38 345.9 345.9 295.7 346.0 0.01 56 200 12260 -54.1 -73.1 8 19.0 -54.4 225 39 347.1 347.1 296.0 347.1 0.01 57 195 12423 -55.1 -70.1 14 15.0 -55.4 225 40 348.0 348.0 296.2 348.1 0.02 58 193 12489 -55.7 -71.7 12 16.0 -55.9 225 40 348.1 348.1 296.2 348.1 0.01 59 150 14090 -58.3 -82.3 3 24.0 -58.5 235 35 369.6 369.6 300.5 369.6 0.00 60 129 15031 -61.9 -84.9 3 23.0 -62.1 230 29 379.5 379.5 302.2 379.5 0.00 61 100 16600 -63.3 -86.3 3 23.0 -63.5 225 12 405.4 405.4 305.9 405.4 0.00 62 79 18046 -64.5 -88.5 2 24.0 -64.7 263 12 431.2 431.2 309.0 431.2 0.00 63 75 18365 -62.5 -88.5 2 26.0 -62.8 272 2 441.9 441.9 310.1 441.9 0.00 64 72 18616 -63.3 -89.3 2 26.0 -63.6 358 1 445.4 445.4 310.4 445.4 0.00 65 70 18790 -62.5 -89.5 1 27.0 -62.8 205 3 450.7 450.7 310.9 450.7 0.00 66 68 18969 -61.7 -88.7 2 27.0 -62.0 219 4 456.2 456.2 311.4 456.2 0.00 67 66 19153 -62.7 -89.7 1 27.0 -63.0 234 5 457.9 457.9 311.6 457.9 0.00 68 50 20870 -60.5 -89.5 1 29.0 -61.0 10 14 500.9 500.9 315.0 500.9 0.00 69 49 20996 -60.3 -89.3 1 29.0 -60.9 338 11 504.3 504.3 315.2 504.3 0.00 70 47 21256 -61.1 -89.1 1 28.0 -61.6 11 12 508.4 508.4 315.5 508.4 0.00 71 45 21528 -59.5 -88.5 1 29.0 -60.2 41 14 518.7 518.7 316.2 518.7 0.00 72 43 21812 -60.5 -89.5 1 29.0 -61.1 35 9 523.0 523.0 316.5 523.0 0.00 73 38 22588 -58.5 -88.5 1 30.0 -59.4 99 23 546.9 546.9 317.9 546.9 0.00 74 37 22756 -56.7 -87.7 1 31.0 -57.8 115 17 555.7 555.7 318.4 555.7 0.00 75 32 23673 -59.3 -89.3 1 30.0 -60.2 130 14 572.3 572.3 319.3 572.3 0.00 76 30 24080 -56.9 -87.9 1 31.0 -58.2 355 7 589.5 589.5 320.1 589.6 0.01 77 28 24517 -54.7 -87.7 1 33.0 -56.5 36 8 607.4 607.4 320.9 607.4 0.01 78 26 24989 -54.3 -87.3 1 33.0 -56.2 55 18 621.5 621.5 321.6 621.6 0.01 79 24 25500 -54.7 -86.7 1 32.0 -56.6 99 12 634.8 634.8 322.1 634.8 0.01 80 20 26670 -51.7 -85.7 1 34.0 -54.7 5 4 677.9 677.9 323.7 678.0 0.01 81 17 27729 -50.5 -85.5 1 35.0 -54.2 355 10 714.0 714.0 324.8 714.1 0.02 82 16 28125 -50.9 -85.9 1 35.0 -54.7 4 13 725.2 725.2 325.2 725.3 0.02 83 15 28548 -48.7 -84.7 1 36.0 -53.4 336 10 746.0 746.0 325.8 746.2 0.02 84 14 29000 -50.3 -85.3 1 35.0 -54.6 6 14 755.5 755.5 326.1 755.6 0.02 85 13 29488 -47.3 -84.3 1 37.0 -53.0 12 10 782.0 782.1 326.8 782.3 0.02 86 12 30016 -48.9 -84.9 1 36.0 -54.2 16 10 794.5 794.5 327.1 794.7 0.02 87 11 30588 -48.9 -84.9 1 36.0 -54.5 20 11 814.5 814.5 327.6 814.7 0.03 88 11 30588 -46.7 -84.7 1 38.0 -53.2 20 11 822.5 822.5 327.8 822.7 0.03 89 10 31220 -47.5 -84.5 1 37.0 -54.1 25 11 842.2 842.3 328.2 842.5 0.03 90 8.6 32223 -44.7 -83.7 1 39.0 -53.2 80 9 890.3 890.3 329.2 890.7 0.04 91 8.3 32462 -41.9 -82.9 0 41.0 -52.0 93 9 910.4 910.4 329.6 910.9 0.05 92 7.3 33340 -37.3 -79.3 0 42.0 -50.7 140 7 963.2 963.3 330.6 964.4 0.10 93 7.0 33630 -37.9 -79.9 0 42.0 -51.2 155 7 972.4 972.4 330.7 973.5 0.10 94 6.8 33830 -37.5 -79.5 0 42.0 -51.2 982.1 982.2 330.9 983.4 0.11 TRP 129 15031 -61.9 -84.9 3 23.0 -62.1 230 29 379.5 379.5 302.2 379.5 0.00 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5741.00 m Freezing level: 582.02 mb = 4666.46 m = 15309.72 ft Wetbulb zero: 685.08 mb = 3339.04 m = 10954.72 ft Precipitable water: 0.70 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 26.40 % Est. max temperature: 30.01 C = 86.02 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 730.03 mb = 2810.70 m = 9221.34 ft T: 11.73 C 700-500 lapse rate: 6.63 C/km ThetaE index: 5.63 C Layer 756.0- 709.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 527.56 mb = 5439.89 m = 17847.20 ft Mean mixing ratio: 4.85 g/kg Conv temperature: 45.41 C = 113.74 F Cap Strength: 10.40 C Lifted Index: 9.60 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 11.07 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 9.75 C Showalter Index: 7.25 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 37.40 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 25.70 C Cross Totals Index: 11.70 C K Index: 13.50 Risk: None Sweat Index: 70.60 Risk: None Energy Index: 0.86 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 12.33 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 4.97 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 62735.40 J/kg Cap Strength: 10.37 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 690.10 mb = 3278.68 m = 10756.71 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 237 at 9 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 969 405 10 4 -0.7 -3.9 | 42 12 -7.8 -8.6 1 946 610 315 8 5.7 -5.7 | 8 10 -1.5 -10.3 2 925 799 310 6 4.6 -3.9 | 17 9 -2.5 -8.5 3 913 914 300 5 4.3 -2.5 | 21 8 -2.8 -7.2 4 881 1219 20 4 -1.4 -3.8 | 45 12 -8.5 -8.4 5 850 1524 300 7 6.1 -3.5 | 7 8 -1.1 -8.2 6 820 1829 305 6 4.9 -3.4 | 15 8 -2.2 -8.1 7 791 2134 85 6 -6.0 -0.5 | 68 14 -13.1 -5.2 8 763 2438 120 5 -4.3 2.5 | 79 12 -11.5 -2.2 9 736 2743 185 7 0.6 7.0 | 109 7 -6.5 2.3 10 709 3048 165 12 -3.1 11.6 | 124 12 -10.2 6.9 11 700 3161 170 11 -1.9 10.8 | 124 11 -9.0 6.1 12 683 3353 185 10 0.9 10.0 | 130 8 -6.3 5.3 13 658 3658 175 7 -0.6 7.0 | 106 8 -7.7 2.3 14 633 3962 175 10 -0.9 10.0 | 123 10 -8.0 5.3 15 610 4267 190 9 1.6 8.9 | 127 7 -5.6 4.2 16 587 4572 210 12 6.0 10.4 | 169 6 -1.1 5.7 17 565 4877 205 18 7.6 16.3 | 182 12 0.5 11.6 18 524 5486 220 19 12.2 14.6 | 207 11 5.1 9.9 19 500 5860 210 23 11.5 19.9 | 196 16 4.4 15.2 20 485 6096 210 22 11.0 19.1 | 195 15 3.9 14.4 21 465 6401 215 24 13.8 19.7 | 204 16 6.6 15.0 22 400 7540 200 14 4.8 13.2 | 165 9 -2.3 8.5 23 396 7620 200 14 4.8 13.2 | 165 9 -2.3 8.5 24 348 8534 240 13 11.3 6.5 | 246 5 4.1 1.8 25 319 9144 220 12 7.7 9.2 | 187 5 0.6 4.5 26 306 9449 235 16 13.1 9.2 | 233 7 6.0 4.5 27 300 9580 230 19 14.6 12.2 | 225 11 7.4 7.5 28 255 10668 210 22 11.0 19.1 | 195 15 3.9 14.4 29 250 10810 215 26 14.9 21.3 | 205 18 7.8 16.6 30 233 11278 225 29 20.5 20.5 | 220 21 13.4 15.8 31 222 11582 215 33 18.9 27.0 | 208 25 11.8 22.3 32 200 12260 225 39 27.6 27.6 | 222 31 20.4 22.9 33 175 13106 225 42 29.7 29.7 | 222 34 22.6 25.0 34 150 14090 235 35 28.7 20.1 | 234 26 21.5 15.4 35 138 14630 240 35 30.3 17.5 | 241 26 23.2 12.8 36 129 15031 230 29 22.2 18.6 | 227 21 15.1 14.0 37 125 15240 230 29 22.2 18.6 | 227 21 15.1 14.0 38 113 15850 235 29 23.8 16.6 | 234 20 16.6 11.9 39 107 16154 220 27 17.4 20.7 | 213 19 10.2 16.0 40 102 16459 255 23 22.2 6.0 | 265 15 15.1 1.3 41 100 16600 225 12 8.5 8.5 | 200 4 1.3 3.8 42 97 16764 225 12 8.5 8.5 | 200 4 1.3 3.8 43 93 17069 265 13 13.0 1.1 | 301 7 5.8 -3.6 44 84 17678 245 11 10.0 4.6 | 271 3 2.8 -0.0 45 80 17983 270 15 15.0 -0.0 | 301 9 7.9 -4.7 46 76 18288 235 2 1.6 1.1 | 57 7 -5.5 -3.5 47 72 18593 20 1 -0.3 -0.9 | 53 9 -7.5 -5.6 48 70 18790 205 3 1.3 2.7 | 71 6 -5.9 -2.0 49 50 20870 10 14 -2.4 -13.8 | 27 21 -9.6 -18.5 50 49 21031 330 10 5.0 -8.7 | 9 14 -2.1 -13.3 51 46 21336 25 13 -5.5 -11.8 | 37 21 -12.6 -16.5 52 44 21641 50 15 -11.5 -9.6 | 52 24 -18.6 -14.3 53 42 21946 25 4 -1.7 -3.6 | 47 12 -8.8 -8.3 54 40 22250 65 10 -9.1 -4.2 | 61 18 -16.2 -8.9 55 38 22555 95 24 -23.9 2.1 | 85 31 -31.0 -2.6 56 36 22860 125 13 -10.6 7.5 | 99 18 -17.8 2.8 57 35 23165 85 17 -16.9 -1.5 | 76 25 -24.1 -6.2 58 33 23470 110 21 -19.7 7.2 | 95 27 -26.9 2.5 59 31 23774 140 11 -7.1 8.4 | 105 15 -14.2 3.7 60 30 24079 245 1 0.9 0.4 | 56 8 -6.2 -4.3 61 30 24080 355 7 0.6 -7.0 | 29 13 -6.5 -11.7 62 29 24384 25 4 -1.7 -3.6 | 47 12 -8.8 -8.3 63 27 24689 50 14 -10.7 -9.0 | 53 23 -17.9 -13.7 64 26 24994 55 18 -14.7 -10.3 | 56 27 -21.9 -15.0 65 25 25298 75 16 -15.5 -4.1 | 69 24 -22.6 -8.8 66 24 25603 110 10 -9.4 3.4 | 86 17 -16.5 -1.3 67 20 26670 5 4 -0.3 -4.0 | 41 11 -7.5 -8.7 68 18 27432 135 8 -5.7 5.7 | 94 13 -12.8 1.0 69 17 27737 355 10 0.9 -10.0 | 23 16 -6.3 -14.6 70 16 28042 10 13 -2.3 -12.8 | 28 20 -9.4 -17.5 71 15 28651 330 10 5.0 -8.7 | 9 14 -2.1 -13.3 72 14 28956 5 15 -1.3 -14.9 | 23 21 -8.4 -19.6 73 13 29261 10 10 -1.7 -9.8 | 31 17 -8.9 -14.5 74 10 31220 25 11 -4.6 -10.0 | 39 19 -11.8 -14.7 75 7 33630 155 7 -3.0 6.3 | 99 10 -10.1 1.7 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 206.7 at 11.4 knts Storm direction: 236.7 at 8.5 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 2.2 neg: 0.9 tot: 3.1 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 83.7 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 87.0 neg: -38.6 tot: 48.3 m^2/s^2 ave: 16.1 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.28 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 9.9 stream: 2.7 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.01 Bulk Rich Number: 0.42 Bulk Shear: 29.47 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 319 6 18 10| 0.0 5.4 5.4| 4.5 -19.5 -15.0 -30.0 -0.47| 10.4 -4.8 1000 327 5 24 10| 1.5 2.7 4.2| 15.9 -31.7 -15.8 -15.8 -0.23| 10.5 -2.4 1500 318 6 20 10| 1.3 1.8 3.1| 22.6 -37.7 -15.1 -10.1 -0.15| 9.7 -1.5 2000 331 6 24 11| 2.6 1.3 4.0| 65.9 -37.7 28.2 14.1 0.19| 10.8 2.1 2500 319 6 19 10| 2.7 1.1 3.8| 83.4 -37.7 45.7 18.3 0.29| 10.7 3.1 3000 215 7 105 3| 2.2 0.9 3.1| 87.0 -38.6 48.3 16.1 0.28| 9.9 2.7 4000 190 7 113 6| 1.6 0.5 2.1| 96.6 -43.6 53.0 13.2 0.27| 8.6 2.3 5000 201 9 135 5| 2.0 0.4 2.4|117.5 -43.6 73.9 14.8 0.34| 8.2 2.8 6000 207 11 160 6| 1.8 0.6 2.4|128.7 -53.4 75.3 12.6 0.31| 7.6 2.3 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KMFR/skewt/KMFR.skewt.20250918.06.gif