UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025092106.upa.cvt Date: 0600Z 21 SEP 25 Searching for KMFR... Searching the city database file for: KMFR ... Date:0600Z 21 SEP 25 Station: KMFR WMO ident: 72597 Latitude: 42.37 Longitude: -122.87 Elevation: 405.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 113 SFC 968 405 23.8 6.8 34 17.0 13.8 300 8 299.7 300.9 288.3 318.7 6.41 2 958 494 24.4 5.4 29 19.0 13.4 300 9 301.2 302.3 288.3 318.8 5.87 3 925 795 22.2 4.2 31 18.0 12.0 295 4 302.0 303.0 288.3 318.8 5.59 4 895 1080 19.6 3.6 35 16.0 10.7 178 1 302.2 303.2 288.3 318.8 5.54 5 850 1521 17.0 -6.0 20 23.0 6.2 275 6 304.0 304.5 286.4 312.9 2.87 6 848 1541 17.0 -7.0 19 24.0 6.0 274 10 304.2 304.7 286.2 312.5 2.66 7 835 1672 16.2 -11.8 13 28.0 4.5 268 9 304.7 305.0 285.5 310.6 1.85 8 797 2067 14.2 -14.8 12 29.0 2.8 256 13 306.6 306.9 285.9 311.5 1.52 9 758 2487 10.2 -4.8 34 15.0 3.1 246 13 306.7 307.4 288.0 317.7 3.53 10 756 2509 10.2 -2.8 40 13.0 3.8 247 13 306.9 307.7 288.6 319.7 4.11 11 731 2787 8.2 -2.8 46 11.0 2.8 255 15 307.7 308.5 289.0 320.9 4.26 12 707 3062 6.0 -3.0 52 9.0 1.6 255 19 308.3 309.1 289.3 321.7 4.34 13 700 3143 5.4 -1.6 61 7.0 1.9 255 19 308.5 309.4 289.8 323.5 4.86 14 691 3249 5.0 0.7 74 4.3 2.7 240 17 309.2 310.3 290.9 327.2 5.83 15 689 3273 5.2 0.2 70 5.0 2.5 237 17 309.6 310.7 290.9 327.1 5.64 16 677 3416 4.6 -1.4 65 6.0 1.5 228 14 310.5 311.5 290.7 326.5 5.10 17 641 3860 2.0 -2.8 70 4.8 -0.4 234 12 312.5 313.4 291.1 327.8 4.86 18 585 4591 -3.9 -7.3 77 3.4 -5.4 218 10 313.9 314.6 290.6 325.9 3.78 19 543 5174 -9.5 -9.5 100 0.0 -9.5 224 12 314.0 314.6 290.3 325.0 3.43 20 526 5419 -10.9 -11.0 99 0.1 -10.9 236 14 315.1 315.7 290.3 325.3 3.14 21 524 5448 -11.3 -12.1 94 0.8 -11.6 238 15 315.0 315.6 290.1 324.4 2.89 22 519 5522 -12.1 -26.1 30 14.0 -15.5 239 15 314.9 315.1 288.1 317.9 0.88 23 515 5582 -9.7 -25.7 26 16.0 -13.9 237 15 318.5 318.7 289.3 321.7 0.92 24 512 5627 -9.3 -26.3 24 17.0 -13.7 236 15 319.5 319.7 289.5 322.6 0.87 25 501 5795 -10.7 -27.7 23 17.0 -14.9 231 16 319.8 320.0 289.5 322.6 0.78 26 500 5810 -10.5 -29.5 19 19.0 -15.0 235 18 320.2 320.4 289.5 322.6 0.66 27 496 5872 -10.3 -33.3 13 23.0 -15.2 237 19 321.2 321.3 289.6 322.9 0.46 28 482 6090 -11.5 -38.5 9 27.0 -16.5 245 22 322.4 322.4 289.8 323.4 0.28 29 480 6122 -11.7 -37.7 10 26.0 -16.6 245 22 322.5 322.6 289.9 323.7 0.31 30 429 6966 -19.5 -39.5 15 20.0 -22.5 244 18 323.1 323.2 290.0 324.2 0.29 31 402 7444 -23.1 -35.1 32 12.0 -25.1 243 9 324.5 324.6 290.6 326.3 0.48 32 400 7480 -23.1 -38.1 24 15.0 -25.4 245 8 325.0 325.0 290.6 326.3 0.36 33 397 7535 -23.3 -42.3 16 19.0 -25.8 243 8 325.4 325.5 290.6 326.3 0.23 34 384 7779 -24.1 -51.1 6 27.0 -26.8 270 6 327.5 327.5 291.1 327.8 0.09 35 383 7798 -24.1 -48.1 9 24.0 -26.7 274 6 327.7 327.7 291.2 328.2 0.13 36 377 7914 -25.1 -43.1 17 18.0 -27.3 296 4 327.9 327.9 291.3 328.7 0.22 37 362 8208 -27.5 -45.5 16 18.0 -29.5 353 0 328.5 328.5 291.5 329.2 0.18 38 323 9022 -32.3 -57.3 7 25.0 -33.9 358 13 332.7 332.8 292.5 333.0 0.05 39 314 9221 -33.9 -61.9 4 28.0 -35.4 4 17 333.2 333.2 292.6 333.3 0.03 40 300 9540 -36.5 -61.5 6 25.0 -37.7 360 25 333.9 333.9 292.8 334.1 0.03 41 283 9939 -39.7 -61.7 8 22.0 -40.6 357 29 335.0 335.0 293.1 335.1 0.03 42 273 10183 -41.9 -57.9 16 16.0 -42.6 354 31 335.2 335.2 293.2 335.5 0.06 43 267 10332 -42.9 -51.9 37 9.0 -43.4 353 33 335.9 335.9 293.4 336.4 0.12 44 260 10510 -44.5 -53.5 36 9.0 -44.9 351 34 336.1 336.1 293.4 336.5 0.10 45 254 10665 -45.7 -57.7 25 12.0 -46.2 350 36 336.6 336.6 293.5 336.8 0.06 46 251 10744 -46.1 -63.1 13 17.0 -46.6 357 31 337.1 337.1 293.6 337.3 0.03 47 250 10770 -46.5 -63.5 13 17.0 -47.0 360 29 336.9 336.9 293.6 337.1 0.03 48 244 10931 -47.7 -61.7 18 14.0 -48.1 359 28 337.5 337.5 293.7 337.6 0.04 49 240 11040 -48.3 -65.3 12 17.0 -48.7 359 28 338.2 338.2 293.9 338.3 0.02 50 239 11067 -47.7 -65.7 11 18.0 -48.2 359 28 339.5 339.5 294.2 339.6 0.02 51 221 11581 -50.5 -63.5 20 13.0 -50.8 356 26 342.9 342.9 295.0 343.0 0.03 52 213 11821 -50.9 -70.9 8 20.0 -51.3 355 25 345.9 345.9 295.7 345.9 0.01 53 200 12230 -52.3 -72.3 7 20.0 -52.7 15 15 349.9 349.9 296.6 350.0 0.01 54 179 12945 -54.9 -76.9 5 22.0 -55.2 306 14 357.0 357.0 298.1 357.0 0.01 55 160 13655 -59.9 -79.9 6 20.0 -60.1 285 13 360.2 360.2 298.7 360.2 0.00 56 150 14060 -58.5 -81.5 4 23.0 -58.7 235 14 369.3 369.3 300.4 369.3 0.00 57 146 14230 -57.9 -82.9 3 25.0 -58.2 235 14 373.2 373.2 301.1 373.2 0.00 58 126 15146 -61.9 -83.9 4 22.0 -62.1 249 26 382.0 382.0 302.6 382.0 0.00 59 120 15448 -60.5 -84.5 3 24.0 -60.7 252 25 390.0 390.0 303.8 390.0 0.00 60 100 16570 -64.5 -86.5 3 22.0 -64.7 240 24 403.1 403.1 305.6 403.1 0.00 61 89 17285 -62.9 -86.9 3 24.0 -63.1 249 20 420.0 420.0 307.7 420.0 0.00 62 75 18336 -64.7 -88.7 2 24.0 -64.9 213 13 437.3 437.3 309.6 437.3 0.00 63 70 18760 -61.9 -87.9 2 26.0 -62.2 305 14 452.0 452.0 311.0 452.0 0.00 64 50 20830 -63.9 -89.9 2 26.0 -64.3 115 9 492.9 492.9 314.4 492.9 0.00 65 39 22374 -58.5 -88.5 1 30.0 -59.3 289 11 542.9 542.9 317.7 542.9 0.00 66 32 23615 -59.9 -88.9 1 29.0 -60.8 38 8 570.7 570.7 319.2 570.7 0.00 67 30 24020 -57.9 -87.9 1 30.0 -59.0 45 7 586.8 586.8 320.0 586.8 0.01 68 29 24234 -57.9 -87.9 1 30.0 -59.1 25 5 592.5 592.5 320.3 592.5 0.01 69 28 24457 -55.1 -87.1 1 32.0 -56.8 20 8 606.3 606.3 320.9 606.3 0.01 70 26 24931 -54.9 -86.9 1 32.0 -56.7 260 11 619.8 619.8 321.5 619.9 0.01 71 23 25713 -56.3 -87.3 1 31.0 -58.0 309 11 637.8 637.8 322.2 637.9 0.01 72 20 26610 -51.9 -84.9 1 33.0 -54.8 310 10 677.3 677.3 323.7 677.4 0.01 73 19 26943 -52.1 -85.1 1 33.0 -55.1 307 10 686.7 686.7 324.0 686.8 0.01 74 17 27670 -49.1 -84.1 1 35.0 -53.3 305 15 718.5 718.5 325.0 718.7 0.02 75 14 28938 -52.1 -85.1 1 33.0 -55.8 296 10 749.4 749.4 325.9 749.5 0.02 76 12 29941 -50.3 -85.3 1 35.0 -55.1 254 13 789.5 789.5 327.0 789.7 0.02 77 10 31140 -47.7 -83.7 1 36.0 -54.2 290 16 841.5 841.5 328.2 841.8 0.04 78 9.3 31622 -44.5 -82.5 1 38.0 -52.8 290 15 871.3 871.4 328.8 871.8 0.05 79 8.6 32145 -45.9 -83.9 1 38.0 -53.8 290 15 885.6 885.6 329.1 886.0 0.04 80 7.7 32886 -42.1 -83.1 0 41.0 -52.5 290 14 929.3 929.4 329.9 929.9 0.05 81 7.3 33251 -37.9 -79.9 0 42.0 -51.0 290 13 960.8 960.8 330.5 961.8 0.09 82 7.0 33540 -37.3 -79.3 0 42.0 -51.0 290 13 974.9 974.9 330.8 976.1 0.11 83 6.9 33639 -36.9 -78.9 0 42.0 -50.8 980.5 980.6 330.9 981.9 0.12 84 6.5 34051 -38.5 -80.5 0 42.0 -51.8 990.7 990.7 331.1 991.7 0.09 85 6.3 34267 -37.3 -79.3 0 42.0 -51.5 1004.7 1004.7 331.2 1006.1 0.12 TRP 160 13655 -59.9 -79.9 6 20.0 -60.1 285 13 360.2 360.2 298.7 360.2 0.00 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5697.00 m Freezing level: 622.02 mb = 4107.49 m = 13475.87 ft Wetbulb zero: 648.27 mb = 3768.19 m = 12362.68 ft Precipitable water: 0.75 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 51.51 % Est. max temperature: 29.55 C = 85.19 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 752.70 mb = 2544.83 m = 8349.07 ft T: 9.94 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.96 C/km ThetaE index: 8.29 C Layer 850.0- 797.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 600.20 mb = 4385.48 m = 14387.88 ft Mean mixing ratio: 5.42 g/kg Conv temperature: 37.44 C = 99.38 F Cap Strength: 6.79 C Lifted Index: 6.88 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 11.53 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 5.73 C Showalter Index: 10.05 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 32.00 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 27.50 C Cross Totals Index: 4.50 C K Index: 14.50 Risk: None Sweat Index: 30.00 Risk: None Energy Index: 2.08 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 7.72 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 3.93 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 53415.53 J/kg Cap Strength: 6.59 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 703.47 mb = 3102.58 m = 10178.96 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 272 at 9 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 968 405 300 8 6.9 -4.0 | 31 4 -2.1 -3.6 1 945 610 300 10 8.7 -5.0 | 5 5 -0.4 -4.6 2 925 795 295 4 3.6 -1.7 | 76 6 -5.5 -1.3 3 912 914 210 2 1.0 1.7 | 105 8 -8.1 2.1 4 880 1219 150 1 -0.5 0.9 | 97 10 -9.6 1.2 5 850 1521 275 6 6.0 -0.5 | 87 3 -3.1 -0.1 6 850 1524 275 10 10.0 -0.9 | 299 1 0.9 -0.5 7 819 1829 260 8 7.9 1.4 | 146 2 -1.2 1.8 8 790 2134 255 14 13.5 3.6 | 228 6 4.4 4.0 9 762 2438 245 13 11.8 5.5 | 205 6 2.7 5.9 10 734 2743 255 14 13.5 3.6 | 228 6 4.4 4.0 11 708 3048 255 19 18.4 4.9 | 240 11 9.3 5.3 12 700 3143 255 19 18.4 4.9 | 240 11 9.3 5.3 13 682 3353 225 15 10.6 10.6 | 188 11 1.5 11.0 14 656 3658 240 12 10.4 6.0 | 192 7 1.3 6.4 15 607 4267 220 11 7.1 8.4 | 167 9 -2.0 8.8 16 562 4877 215 9 5.2 7.4 | 153 9 -3.9 7.8 17 541 5182 225 12 8.5 8.5 | 176 9 -0.6 8.9 18 521 5486 240 15 13.0 7.5 | 206 9 3.9 7.9 19 501 5791 230 16 12.3 10.3 | 197 11 3.2 10.7 20 500 5810 235 18 14.7 10.3 | 208 12 5.7 10.7 21 481 6096 245 22 19.9 9.3 | 228 15 10.9 9.7 22 444 6706 250 22 20.7 7.5 | 236 14 11.6 7.9 23 409 7315 235 12 9.8 6.9 | 186 7 0.8 7.3 24 400 7480 245 8 7.3 3.4 | 154 4 -1.8 3.8 25 392 7620 240 8 6.9 4.0 | 154 5 -2.1 4.4 26 360 8230 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 92 9 -9.1 0.4 27 331 8839 350 10 1.7 -9.8 | 38 12 -7.3 -9.5 28 317 9144 5 15 -1.3 -14.9 | 35 18 -10.4 -14.6 29 300 9540 360 25 -0.0 -25.0 | 20 26 -9.1 -24.6 30 254 10668 350 36 6.3 -35.5 | 5 35 -2.8 -35.1 31 250 10770 360 29 -0.0 -29.0 | 18 30 -9.1 -28.6 32 211 11887 355 25 2.2 -24.9 | 16 25 -6.9 -24.5 33 200 12230 15 15 -3.9 -14.5 | 43 19 -13.0 -14.1 34 192 12497 20 15 -5.1 -14.1 | 46 20 -14.2 -13.7 35 183 12802 310 14 10.7 -9.0 | 349 9 1.6 -8.6 36 160 13655 285 13 12.6 -3.4 | 311 5 3.5 -3.0 37 158 13716 285 14 13.5 -3.6 | 306 6 4.4 -3.2 38 151 14021 270 12 12.0 -0.0 | 263 3 2.9 0.4 39 150 14060 235 14 11.5 8.0 | 196 9 2.4 8.4 40 144 14326 235 14 11.5 8.0 | 196 9 2.4 8.4 41 137 14630 245 28 25.4 11.8 | 233 20 16.3 12.2 42 124 15240 250 26 24.4 8.9 | 239 18 15.4 9.3 43 107 16154 260 21 20.7 3.6 | 251 12 11.6 4.0 44 102 16459 275 24 23.9 -2.1 | 277 15 14.8 -1.7 45 100 16570 240 24 20.8 12.0 | 223 17 11.7 12.4 46 97 16764 240 24 20.8 12.0 | 223 17 11.7 12.4 47 92 17069 260 19 18.7 3.3 | 249 10 9.6 3.7 48 88 17374 245 21 19.0 8.9 | 227 14 10.0 9.3 49 83 17678 250 17 16.0 5.8 | 228 9 6.9 6.2 50 79 17983 240 14 12.1 7.0 | 202 8 3.0 7.4 51 76 18288 210 12 6.0 10.4 | 164 11 -3.1 10.8 52 72 18593 230 18 13.8 11.6 | 202 13 4.7 11.9 53 70 18760 305 14 11.5 -8.0 | 343 8 2.4 -7.7 54 68 18898 300 15 13.0 -7.5 | 331 8 3.9 -7.1 55 65 19202 280 10 9.8 -1.7 | 330 2 0.8 -1.4 56 62 19507 310 17 13.0 -10.9 | 339 11 3.9 -10.5 57 59 19812 270 1 1.0 -0.0 | 93 8 -8.1 0.4 58 56 20117 245 10 9.1 4.2 | 180 5 -0.0 4.6 59 50 20830 115 9 -8.2 3.8 | 104 18 -17.2 4.2 60 48 21031 60 10 -8.7 -5.0 | 75 18 -17.7 -4.6 61 46 21336 185 6 0.5 6.0 | 127 11 -8.6 6.4 62 40 22250 270 10 10.0 -0.0 | 248 1 0.9 0.4 63 38 22555 315 12 8.5 -8.5 | 4 8 -0.6 -8.1 64 36 22860 10 14 -2.4 -13.8 | 41 18 -11.5 -13.4 65 34 23165 30 10 -5.0 -8.7 | 60 16 -14.1 -8.3 66 30 24020 45 7 -4.9 -4.9 | 72 15 -14.0 -4.6 67 30 24079 10 1 -0.2 -1.0 | 86 9 -9.3 -0.6 68 28 24384 40 8 -5.1 -6.1 | 68 15 -14.2 -5.8 69 26 24994 245 11 10.0 4.6 | 190 5 0.9 5.0 70 25 25298 285 11 10.6 -2.8 | 328 3 1.5 -2.5 71 23 25603 325 10 5.7 -8.2 | 23 8 -3.3 -7.8 72 21 26213 240 14 12.1 7.0 | 202 8 3.0 7.4 73 20 26518 240 10 8.7 5.0 | 176 5 -0.4 5.4 74 20 26610 310 10 7.7 -6.4 | 13 6 -1.4 -6.0 75 18 27127 305 10 8.2 -5.7 | 9 5 -0.9 -5.4 76 18 27432 250 10 9.4 3.4 | 185 4 0.3 3.8 77 17 27737 320 16 10.3 -12.3 | 354 12 1.2 -11.9 78 16 28042 330 17 8.5 -14.7 | 2 14 -0.6 -14.3 79 15 28346 340 10 3.4 -9.4 | 32 11 -5.7 -9.0 80 14 28956 295 10 9.1 -4.2 | 0 4 -0.0 -3.8 81 13 29261 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 92 9 -9.1 0.4 82 12 29870 255 12 11.6 3.1 | 216 4 2.5 3.5 83 12 30175 250 14 13.2 4.8 | 218 7 4.1 5.2 84 10 31140 290 16 15.0 -5.5 | 311 8 6.0 -5.1 85 7 33540 290 13 12.2 -4.4 | 322 5 3.1 -4.1 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 242.4 at 12.1 knts Storm direction: 272.4 at 9.1 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 2.1 neg: 2.9 tot: 5.0 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 158.4 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 28.5 neg: -36.5 tot: -8.0 m^2/s^2 ave: -2.7 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.12 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 9.4 stream: 1.1 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.00 Bulk Rich Number: 0.60 Bulk Shear: 12.95 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 297 7 46 4| 0.0 8.3 8.3| 11.3 -2.2 9.1 18.3 0.57| 12.5 7.1 1000 284 4 82 5| 1.0 4.1 5.2| 18.2 -5.0 13.2 13.2 0.47| 9.6 4.5 1500 277 6 85 3| 2.8 2.8 5.5| 19.2 -7.2 12.0 8.0 0.37| 10.9 4.1 2000 266 7 119 2| 2.1 2.5 4.5| 21.2 -10.5 10.7 5.3 0.32| 9.8 3.1 2500 261 9 167 2| 2.5 2.0 4.5| 26.8 -10.5 16.3 6.5 0.36| 8.8 3.2 3000 257 10 198 3| 2.1 2.9 5.0| 28.5 -36.5 -8.0 -2.7 0.12| 9.4 1.1 4000 249 11 192 4| 1.4 2.5 3.9| 29.5 -44.4 -14.9 -3.7 0.05| 8.1 0.4 5000 243 11 185 5| 1.8 2.0 3.7| 44.7 -47.7 -3.0 -0.6 0.12| 7.3 0.9 6000 242 12 195 6| 2.2 1.6 3.8| 72.8 -50.5 22.3 3.7 0.19| 7.1 1.4 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KMFR/skewt/KMFR.skewt.20250921.06.gif