UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025122806.upa.cvt Date: 0600Z 28 DEC 25 Searching for KMFR... Searching the city database file for: KMFR ... Date:0600Z 28 DEC 25 Station: KMFR WMO ident: 72597 Latitude: 42.37 Longitude: -122.87 Elevation: 405.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 256 SFC 983 405 1.6 0.0 89 1.6 0.9 0 0 276.1 276.8 274.9 286.7 3.89 2 966 543 2.2 -0.7 81 2.9 1.0 276 1 278.1 278.7 275.9 288.5 3.76 3 946 708 1.2 -0.8 86 2.0 0.4 272 2 278.7 279.4 276.3 289.3 3.81 4 939 767 1.8 -1.5 79 3.3 0.4 295 2 279.9 280.6 276.7 290.1 3.64 5 933 817 1.4 -1.9 79 3.3 0.0 314 3 280.0 280.7 276.6 290.0 3.56 6 925 885 1.0 -1.9 81 2.9 -0.2 340 3 280.3 280.9 276.8 290.4 3.59 7 907 1043 0.0 -1.8 88 1.8 -0.7 16 3 280.9 281.5 277.3 291.2 3.69 8 888 1212 -0.9 -4.2 78 3.3 -2.2 63 4 281.7 282.2 276.9 290.6 3.15 9 869 1385 -2.3 -4.5 85 2.2 -3.1 55 4 281.9 282.5 277.1 290.8 3.15 10 850 1560 -3.1 -7.5 72 4.4 -4.7 45 5 282.9 283.3 276.7 290.2 2.56 11 841 1644 -3.7 -7.6 74 3.9 -5.1 43 8 283.1 283.6 276.9 290.5 2.56 12 814 1903 -1.3 -35.3 5 34.0 -7.7 36 15 288.3 288.4 276.2 289.1 0.23 13 812 1922 -1.3 -33.3 7 32.0 -7.6 35 16 288.5 288.6 276.4 289.5 0.28 14 764 2407 -1.7 -16.7 31 15.0 -6.2 25 18 293.2 293.4 280.1 297.3 1.35 15 752 2533 -1.5 -17.5 28 16.0 -6.3 20 18 294.7 295.0 280.8 298.7 1.29 16 746 2597 -1.7 -15.7 33 14.0 -6.1 17 18 295.2 295.5 281.3 299.8 1.51 17 724 2834 -3.5 -14.5 42 11.0 -7.1 9 17 295.7 296.1 281.8 301.0 1.71 18 700 3100 -4.5 -13.5 49 9.0 -7.5 360 14 297.5 297.9 282.8 303.4 1.93 19 685 3270 -5.3 -14.3 49 9.0 -8.2 353 19 298.5 298.8 283.1 304.2 1.84 20 675 3385 -5.5 -15.5 45 10.0 -8.7 350 21 299.5 299.8 283.3 304.8 1.69 21 661 3549 -6.5 -13.5 58 7.0 -8.8 350 23 300.2 300.5 284.0 306.5 2.04 22 658 3585 -6.5 -14.5 53 8.0 -9.1 350 24 300.6 300.9 284.0 306.5 1.89 23 646 3728 -6.9 -14.9 53 8.0 -9.5 350 26 301.7 302.0 284.4 307.5 1.86 24 623 4010 -8.7 -13.7 67 5.0 -10.4 347 29 302.8 303.2 285.1 309.5 2.13 25 616 4097 -8.9 -15.9 57 7.0 -11.1 347 31 303.5 303.9 285.0 309.2 1.80 26 610 4173 -9.1 -15.1 62 6.0 -11.1 346 32 304.1 304.5 285.4 310.3 1.94 27 607 4211 -9.1 -15.1 62 6.0 -11.1 346 32 304.6 304.9 285.6 310.8 1.95 28 571 4680 -12.9 -16.8 73 3.9 -14.0 342 34 305.5 305.8 285.8 311.2 1.80 29 517 5431 -17.5 -20.5 77 3.0 -18.3 330 34 308.7 309.0 286.5 313.5 1.45 30 500 5680 -19.3 -22.4 76 3.1 -20.0 325 34 309.5 309.7 286.6 313.7 1.27 31 411 7115 -27.9 -32.6 64 4.7 -28.6 333 37 316.3 316.4 288.2 318.4 0.60 32 400 7310 -29.3 -34.0 64 4.7 -30.0 335 37 316.9 317.0 288.3 318.8 0.54 33 340 8451 -38.1 -42.4 64 4.3 -38.4 332 43 320.0 320.1 289.0 321.0 0.27 34 326 8739 -40.5 -44.3 67 3.8 -40.8 331 45 320.6 320.6 289.2 321.4 0.23 35 300 9300 -45.3 -50.0 59 4.7 -45.5 335 48 321.5 321.5 289.3 322.0 0.13 36 286 9617 -47.9 -53.9 50 6.0 -48.1 335 49 322.2 322.2 289.5 322.6 0.09 37 265 10116 -52.5 -56.6 61 4.1 -52.6 335 57 322.6 322.6 289.6 322.9 0.07 38 260 10239 -53.5 -57.6 61 4.1 -53.6 335 58 322.9 322.9 289.7 323.1 0.06 39 250 10490 -56.1 -60.9 55 4.8 -56.2 335 62 322.7 322.7 289.6 322.8 0.04 40 237 10826 -58.9 -64.3 49 5.4 -58.9 335 73 323.5 323.5 289.9 323.6 0.03 41 226 11122 -61.3 -67.3 45 6.0 -61.4 336 71 324.2 324.2 290.0 324.2 0.02 42 219 11316 -62.7 -67.1 55 4.4 -62.7 337 68 324.9 324.9 290.3 325.0 0.02 43 213 11486 -63.3 -67.7 55 4.4 -63.3 338 65 326.6 326.6 290.7 326.7 0.02 44 209 11602 -63.9 -70.9 38 7.0 -64.0 338 63 327.4 327.4 291.0 327.5 0.01 45 208 11632 -64.1 -72.1 33 8.0 -64.1 339 63 327.6 327.6 291.0 327.6 0.01 46 200 11870 -65.9 -71.9 43 6.0 -66.0 340 59 328.4 328.4 291.3 328.4 0.01 47 196 11993 -66.7 -71.7 49 5.0 -66.7 340 60 329.0 329.0 291.5 329.1 0.01 48 186 12312 -64.5 -74.5 24 10.0 -64.6 343 59 337.5 337.6 293.7 337.6 0.01 49 175 12685 -65.9 -76.9 20 11.0 -66.0 342 47 341.2 341.2 294.6 341.2 0.01 50 174 12720 -65.7 -77.7 17 12.0 -65.8 341 45 342.1 342.1 294.8 342.1 0.01 51 170 12863 -61.3 -81.3 5 20.0 -61.4 339 40 351.7 351.7 297.0 351.7 0.00 52 166 13011 -62.5 -82.5 5 20.0 -62.6 336 40 352.1 352.1 297.1 352.1 0.00 53 150 13640 -61.1 -83.1 4 22.0 -61.3 335 40 364.8 364.8 299.6 364.8 0.00 54 142 13982 -59.3 -83.3 3 24.0 -59.5 335 38 373.7 373.7 301.2 373.7 0.00 55 135 14296 -61.5 -84.5 3 23.0 -61.7 335 36 375.3 375.3 301.5 375.3 0.00 56 120 15029 -59.5 -85.5 2 26.0 -59.7 335 32 391.8 391.8 304.0 391.8 0.00 57 111 15514 -61.7 -86.7 2 25.0 -61.9 334 31 396.5 396.5 304.7 396.5 0.00 58 101 16098 -61.7 -86.7 2 25.0 -61.9 330 30 407.4 407.4 306.2 407.4 0.00 59 100 16160 -61.7 -86.7 2 25.0 -61.9 330 30 408.5 408.5 306.3 408.5 0.00 60 97 16348 -62.3 -86.3 3 24.0 -62.5 330 30 410.9 410.9 306.6 410.9 0.00 61 92 16674 -60.7 -85.7 2 25.0 -61.0 332 26 420.4 420.4 307.7 420.4 0.00 62 89 16879 -61.3 -86.3 2 25.0 -61.6 333 22 423.2 423.2 308.1 423.2 0.00 63 87 17021 -59.1 -86.1 2 27.0 -59.5 335 19 430.3 430.3 308.9 430.4 0.00 64 77 17774 -64.3 -87.3 3 23.0 -64.5 301 21 434.8 434.8 309.3 434.8 0.00 65 71 18272 -61.9 -86.9 2 25.0 -62.2 311 30 450.1 450.1 310.8 450.1 0.00 66 70 18360 -58.1 -86.1 2 28.0 -58.6 330 29 460.1 460.1 311.8 460.1 0.00 67 65 18831 -56.1 -85.1 1 29.0 -56.8 334 22 474.3 474.3 313.0 474.3 0.00 68 54 20003 -59.9 -87.9 1 28.0 -60.4 317 14 491.4 491.4 314.3 491.4 0.00 69 50 20490 -55.7 -85.7 1 30.0 -56.6 355 24 512.2 512.2 315.8 512.2 0.01 70 49 20619 -54.3 -85.3 1 31.0 -55.4 344 28 518.5 518.5 316.2 518.5 0.01 71 42 21591 -59.7 -87.7 1 28.0 -60.4 6 16 528.5 528.5 316.8 528.5 0.00 72 38 22215 -59.3 -87.3 1 28.0 -60.1 29 10 544.9 544.9 317.8 544.9 0.01 73 37 22383 -55.7 -86.7 1 31.0 -56.9 9 10 558.3 558.3 318.5 558.3 0.01 74 31 23495 -60.3 -88.3 1 28.0 -61.2 348 9 574.8 574.8 319.4 574.9 0.01 75 30 23700 -57.7 -87.7 1 30.0 -58.9 60 5 587.3 587.3 320.0 587.4 0.01 76 29 23915 -56.9 -86.9 1 30.0 -58.2 49 7 595.3 595.3 320.4 595.3 0.01 77 26 24604 -59.5 -87.5 1 28.0 -60.6 47 17 606.8 606.8 320.9 606.8 0.01 78 25 24851 -58.1 -87.1 1 29.0 -59.5 31 13 617.6 617.6 321.4 617.7 0.01 79 24 25108 -59.1 -88.1 1 29.0 -60.3 14 12 622.0 622.0 321.6 622.0 0.01 80 23 25377 -56.1 -87.1 1 31.0 -57.9 12 15 638.4 638.4 322.2 638.5 0.01 81 20 26260 -59.5 -88.5 1 29.0 -60.9 10 13 654.0 654.0 322.9 654.1 0.01 82 18 26921 -58.7 -87.7 1 29.0 -60.3 12 14 676.6 676.6 323.6 676.6 0.01 83 17 27279 -59.9 -88.9 1 29.0 -61.4 18 12 683.9 683.9 323.9 683.9 0.01 84 16 27660 -56.9 -87.9 1 31.0 -59.1 36 13 705.6 705.6 324.6 705.7 0.01 85 16 27660 -57.5 -87.5 1 30.0 -59.6 36 13 703.7 703.7 324.6 703.8 0.01 86 15 28069 -56.1 -87.1 1 31.0 -58.6 64 16 721.4 721.4 325.1 721.5 0.01 87 14 28507 -56.9 -87.9 1 31.0 -59.3 58 17 733.1 733.1 325.4 733.2 0.01 88 14 28507 -53.9 -85.9 1 32.0 -57.1 58 17 743.3 743.3 325.7 743.4 0.02 89 11 30065 -51.1 -84.1 1 33.0 -55.9 20 23 806.5 806.5 327.4 806.8 0.03 90 11 30065 -51.9 -84.9 1 33.0 -56.3 20 23 803.6 803.6 327.3 803.8 0.03 91 10 30683 -51.9 -84.9 1 33.0 -56.6 30 25 825.8 825.8 327.8 826.1 0.03 92 10 30683 -49.9 -83.9 1 34.0 -55.4 30 25 833.3 833.3 328.0 833.6 0.03 TRP 196 11993 -66.7 -71.7 49 5.0 -66.7 340 60 329.0 329.0 291.5 329.1 0.01 WND 237 10826 -58.9 -64.3 49 5.4 -58.9 335 73 323.5 323.5 289.9 323.6 0.03 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5424.00 m Freezing level: 907.00 mb = 1042.81 m = 3421.24 ft Wetbulb zero: 932.33 mb = 822.81 m = 2699.49 ft Precipitable water: 0.46 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 59.93 % Est. max temperature: 10.10 C = 50.19 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 958.76 mb = 602.13 m = 1975.45 ft T: 1.84 C 700-500 lapse rate: 5.74 C/km ThetaE index: 1.39 C Layer 814.0- 812.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 856.53 mb = 1499.26 m = 4918.76 ft Mean mixing ratio: 3.63 g/kg Conv temperature: 8.04 C = 46.47 F Cap Strength: 16.82 C Lifted Index: 17.13 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 22.56 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 11.30 C Showalter Index: 16.74 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 28.00 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 16.20 C Cross Totals Index: 11.80 C K Index: -0.30 Risk: None Sweat Index: 44.00 Risk: None Energy Index: 4.95 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 20.15 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 6.35 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 59804.03 J/kg Cap Strength: 17.03 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 895.11 mb = 1148.44 m = 3767.79 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 16 at 16 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 983 405 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 196 16 4.5 15.8 1 958 610 235 1 0.8 0.6 | 198 17 5.3 16.4 2 925 885 340 3 1.0 -2.8 | 203 14 5.5 13.0 3 922 914 340 3 1.0 -2.8 | 203 14 5.5 13.0 4 887 1219 65 4 -3.6 -1.7 | 184 14 0.9 14.1 5 850 1560 45 5 -3.5 -3.5 | 184 12 1.0 12.3 6 822 1829 40 14 -9.0 -10.7 | 138 7 -4.5 5.1 7 791 2134 25 19 -8.0 -17.2 | 68 4 -3.5 -1.4 8 761 2438 25 18 -7.6 -16.3 | 81 3 -3.1 -0.5 9 732 2743 10 18 -3.1 -17.7 | 324 2 1.4 -1.9 10 705 3048 5 13 -1.1 -13.0 | 230 4 3.4 2.9 11 700 3100 360 14 -0.0 -14.0 | 248 5 4.5 1.8 12 677 3353 350 21 3.6 -20.7 | 301 9 8.1 -4.9 13 651 3658 350 25 4.3 -24.6 | 315 12 8.8 -8.8 14 601 4267 345 33 8.5 -31.9 | 321 21 13.0 -16.1 15 555 4877 340 34 11.6 -31.9 | 315 23 16.1 -16.1 16 500 5680 325 34 19.5 -27.9 | 297 27 24.0 -12.1 17 492 5791 325 35 20.1 -28.7 | 298 28 24.6 -12.9 18 472 6096 325 36 20.6 -29.5 | 299 29 25.1 -13.7 19 400 7310 335 37 15.6 -33.5 | 311 27 20.1 -17.7 20 382 7620 335 38 16.1 -34.4 | 312 28 20.6 -18.6 21 307 9144 330 47 23.5 -40.7 | 312 37 28.0 -24.9 22 300 9300 335 48 20.3 -43.5 | 318 37 24.8 -27.7 23 293 9449 335 47 19.9 -42.6 | 318 36 24.4 -26.8 24 250 10490 335 62 26.2 -56.2 | 323 51 30.7 -40.4 25 237 10826 335 73 30.9 -66.2 | 325 62 35.4 -50.4 26 231 10973 335 73 30.9 -66.2 | 325 62 35.4 -50.4 27 200 11870 340 59 20.2 -55.4 | 328 47 24.7 -39.6 28 196 11993 340 60 20.5 -56.4 | 328 48 25.0 -40.6 29 181 12497 345 59 15.3 -57.0 | 334 46 19.8 -41.2 30 172 12802 340 40 13.7 -37.6 | 320 28 18.2 -21.8 31 156 13411 330 39 19.5 -33.8 | 307 30 24.0 -18.0 32 150 13640 335 40 16.9 -36.3 | 314 30 21.4 -20.5 33 116 15240 335 31 13.1 -28.1 | 305 21 17.6 -12.3 34 100 16160 330 30 15.0 -26.0 | 298 22 19.5 -10.2 35 95 16459 330 30 15.0 -26.0 | 298 22 19.5 -10.2 36 86 17069 335 18 7.6 -16.3 | 272 12 12.1 -0.5 37 82 17374 305 15 12.3 -8.6 | 247 18 16.8 7.2 38 78 17678 290 20 18.8 -6.8 | 249 25 23.3 9.0 39 74 17983 325 24 13.8 -19.7 | 282 19 18.3 -3.9 40 71 18288 310 30 23.0 -19.3 | 277 28 27.5 -3.5 41 70 18360 330 29 14.5 -25.1 | 296 21 19.0 -9.3 42 64 18898 335 21 8.9 -19.0 | 284 14 13.4 -3.2 43 61 19202 15 14 -3.6 -13.5 | 201 2 0.9 2.3 44 58 19507 10 16 -2.8 -15.8 | 269 2 1.7 0.0 45 53 20117 305 14 11.5 -8.0 | 244 18 16.0 7.8 46 50 20490 355 24 2.1 -23.9 | 321 10 6.6 -8.1 47 48 20726 335 31 13.1 -28.1 | 305 21 17.6 -12.3 48 46 21031 15 19 -4.9 -18.4 | 9 3 -0.4 -2.6 49 44 21336 20 17 -5.8 -16.0 | 82 1 -1.3 -0.2 50 40 21946 345 14 3.6 -13.5 | 254 8 8.1 2.3 51 38 22250 35 10 -5.7 -8.2 | 171 8 -1.2 7.6 52 36 22555 335 11 4.6 -10.0 | 237 11 9.1 5.8 53 34 22860 20 15 -5.1 -14.1 | 160 2 -0.6 1.7 54 33 23165 20 17 -5.8 -16.0 | 82 1 -1.3 -0.2 55 31 23470 340 10 3.4 -9.4 | 231 10 7.9 6.4 56 30 23700 60 5 -4.3 -2.5 | 181 13 0.2 13.3 57 30 23774 60 4 -3.5 -2.0 | 184 14 1.0 13.8 58 28 24079 35 10 -5.7 -8.2 | 171 8 -1.2 7.6 59 27 24384 40 18 -11.6 -13.8 | 106 7 -7.1 2.0 60 26 24689 50 16 -12.3 -10.3 | 125 10 -7.8 5.5 61 24 24994 15 11 -2.8 -10.6 | 198 5 1.7 5.2 62 22 25603 10 18 -3.1 -17.7 | 324 2 1.4 -1.9 63 21 25908 35 20 -11.5 -16.4 | 85 7 -7.0 -0.6 64 20 26260 10 13 -2.3 -12.8 | 217 4 2.2 3.0 65 18 26518 10 14 -2.4 -13.8 | 226 3 2.1 2.0 66 17 26822 20 12 -4.1 -11.3 | 185 5 0.4 4.5 67 15 27127 65 16 -14.5 -6.8 | 132 13 -10.0 9.0 68 14 27432 55 17 -13.9 -9.8 | 123 11 -9.4 6.0 69 12 27737 10 22 -3.8 -21.7 | 353 6 0.7 -5.9 70 9 28651 40 26 -16.7 -19.9 | 71 13 -12.2 -4.1 71 5 30175 50 25 -19.2 -16.1 | 89 15 -14.7 -0.3 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 345.9 at 21.9 knts Storm direction: 15.9 at 16.4 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 0.8 neg: 4.0 tot: 4.8 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 108.0 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 22.6 neg: -44.5 tot: -22.0 m^2/s^2 ave: -7.3 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: -0.32 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 8.1 stream: -2.6 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.00 Bulk Rich Number: 0.35 Bulk Shear: 57.02 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 311 1 201 16| 0.0 3.1 3.1| 10.4 -1.0 9.4 18.8 0.39| 5.6 2.2 1000 26 3 194 14| 2.4 1.5 4.0| 10.6 -17.2 -6.7 -6.7 -0.22| 5.8 -1.3 1500 38 5 188 12| 1.6 4.5 6.1| 10.9 -35.2 -24.3 -16.2 -0.46| 7.7 -3.6 2000 31 8 182 9| 1.2 4.3 5.5| 11.4 -40.3 -28.9 -14.4 -0.51| 7.2 -3.7 2500 25 10 182 7| 1.0 3.2 4.2| 11.4 -43.6 -32.2 -12.9 -0.59| 7.3 -4.3 3000 18 11 192 5| 0.8 4.0 4.8| 22.6 -44.5 -22.0 -7.3 -0.32| 8.1 -2.6 4000 3 15 263 4| 0.6 4.5 5.1| 35.2 -46.9 -11.7 -2.9 -0.20| 7.6 -1.5 5000 354 19 296 7| 0.5 3.8 4.3| 35.2 -90.5 -55.3 -11.1 -0.28| 6.9 -1.9 6000 346 22 299 11| 0.5 3.3 3.8| 52.8-108.4 -55.5 -9.3 -0.26| 6.3 -1.6 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KMFR/skewt/KMFR.skewt.20251228.06.gif