UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025093006.upa.cvt Date: 0600Z 30 SEP 25 Searching for KMFR... Searching the city database file for: KMFR ... Date:0600Z 30 SEP 25 Station: KMFR WMO ident: 72597 Latitude: 42.37 Longitude: -122.87 Elevation: 405.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 108 SFC 966 405 13.2 11.4 89 1.8 12.1 340 3 289.2 290.7 286.7 313.9 8.79 2 950 544 13.2 9.2 77 4.0 10.9 347 2 290.6 291.9 286.2 312.5 7.70 3 941 623 12.8 9.2 79 3.6 10.7 339 2 291.0 292.3 286.4 313.1 7.78 4 925 766 11.8 8.7 81 3.1 10.0 220 2 291.4 292.7 286.5 313.2 7.65 5 891 1079 9.8 8.3 90 1.5 8.9 279 6 292.4 293.8 286.9 314.6 7.73 6 885 1135 9.8 7.5 86 2.3 8.5 257 6 293.0 294.3 286.8 314.2 7.36 7 883 1154 10.0 6.7 80 3.3 8.2 250 7 293.4 294.7 286.6 313.5 6.98 8 856 1411 7.6 6.2 91 1.4 6.8 217 7 293.5 294.8 286.6 313.6 6.96 9 852 1450 7.6 5.0 84 2.6 6.2 216 7 293.9 295.1 286.2 312.5 6.43 10 850 1469 7.4 5.0 85 2.4 6.1 215 7 293.9 295.1 286.2 312.5 6.44 11 838 1586 6.6 5.1 90 1.5 5.8 217 8 294.3 295.4 286.5 313.3 6.58 12 800 1966 4.2 1.7 84 2.5 2.9 216 14 295.6 296.6 285.8 311.5 5.41 13 795 2017 3.8 1.3 84 2.5 2.5 214 15 295.7 296.7 285.8 311.3 5.29 14 759 2392 0.6 0.6 100 0.0 0.6 206 21 296.2 297.2 285.9 311.7 5.27 15 734 2660 -1.3 -1.3 100 0.0 -1.3 212 24 297.0 297.8 285.7 311.0 4.74 16 733 2671 -1.1 -1.6 96 0.5 -1.3 212 24 297.3 298.2 285.7 311.1 4.64 17 724 2770 -1.3 -3.8 83 2.5 -2.4 215 25 298.2 298.9 285.4 310.1 3.99 18 713 2892 -2.1 -4.2 86 2.1 -3.0 213 25 298.6 299.3 285.5 310.4 3.93 19 702 3015 -2.9 -6.6 76 3.7 -4.4 210 24 299.0 299.6 284.9 309.1 3.32 20 700 3038 -3.1 -6.5 77 3.4 -4.5 210 24 299.1 299.7 285.0 309.2 3.36 21 694 3106 -3.7 -4.7 93 1.0 -4.1 210 24 299.1 299.8 285.6 310.8 3.89 22 688 3175 -3.7 -7.5 75 3.8 -5.2 211 24 299.9 300.4 285.1 309.5 3.16 23 683 3232 -4.1 -7.5 77 3.4 -5.5 211 24 300.0 300.6 285.2 309.8 3.18 24 681 3256 -3.9 -9.9 63 6.0 -6.2 212 24 300.5 301.0 284.8 308.7 2.64 25 676 3314 -4.5 -10.5 63 6.0 -6.7 212 24 300.5 300.9 284.7 308.3 2.54 26 673 3349 -4.9 -10.9 63 6.0 -7.1 212 24 300.4 300.9 284.6 308.0 2.47 27 670 3384 -4.7 -17.7 35 13.0 -8.7 213 25 301.0 301.3 283.6 305.5 1.42 28 667 3419 -4.9 -11.9 58 7.0 -7.4 213 25 301.2 301.6 284.7 308.3 2.30 29 662 3479 -5.1 -16.1 42 11.0 -8.6 213 25 301.6 301.9 284.1 306.8 1.64 30 653 3586 -5.7 -21.7 27 16.0 -10.1 214 25 302.1 302.3 283.6 305.5 1.03 31 649 3634 -5.9 -22.9 25 17.0 -10.4 215 25 302.4 302.6 283.6 305.5 0.93 32 640 3744 -6.9 -19.9 35 13.0 -10.6 216 26 302.5 302.7 284.0 306.5 1.23 33 632 3842 -7.3 -22.3 29 15.0 -11.3 216 27 303.1 303.3 284.0 306.4 1.01 34 609 4130 -9.1 -19.1 44 10.0 -12.0 219 30 304.3 304.5 284.8 308.8 1.39 35 605 4181 -9.3 -21.3 37 12.0 -12.5 219 31 304.6 304.8 284.7 308.4 1.15 36 604 4194 -9.5 -18.5 48 9.0 -12.1 219 31 304.5 304.8 285.1 309.3 1.47 37 595 4310 -9.7 -22.7 34 13.0 -13.0 220 32 305.6 305.8 284.9 309.0 1.04 38 591 4362 -10.1 -21.1 40 11.0 -13.0 221 31 305.7 306.0 285.2 309.7 1.20 39 589 4388 -10.1 -26.1 26 16.0 -13.9 222 31 306.0 306.2 284.8 308.6 0.77 40 586 4428 -10.3 -27.3 23 17.0 -14.2 222 31 306.3 306.4 284.8 308.6 0.69 41 582 4480 -10.7 -28.7 21 18.0 -14.6 223 31 306.4 306.5 284.7 308.5 0.61 42 581 4494 -10.7 -27.7 23 17.0 -14.5 223 31 306.5 306.7 284.9 308.8 0.68 43 579 4520 -10.9 -22.9 37 12.0 -14.0 224 30 306.6 306.8 285.4 310.1 1.05 44 574 4587 -11.5 -17.5 61 6.0 -13.3 225 30 306.7 307.0 286.1 312.1 1.68 45 571 4627 -11.7 -19.7 51 8.0 -13.9 224 31 306.9 307.2 285.8 311.5 1.40 46 568 4667 -12.1 -18.1 61 6.0 -13.9 224 31 306.9 307.2 286.1 312.1 1.62 47 562 4749 -12.1 -24.1 36 12.0 -15.0 222 32 307.8 308.0 285.7 311.0 0.97 48 560 4776 -12.1 -22.1 43 10.0 -14.7 222 33 308.1 308.4 286.0 312.0 1.16 49 544 4997 -13.1 -30.1 23 17.0 -16.6 216 34 309.5 309.6 285.8 311.5 0.58 50 543 5012 -12.9 -37.9 10 25.0 -17.0 216 34 309.9 310.0 285.7 310.9 0.27 51 535 5125 -12.7 -53.7 2 41.0 -17.4 212 34 311.5 311.5 285.9 311.7 0.05 52 500 5640 -14.5 -55.5 2 41.0 -19.0 235 27 315.4 315.4 287.2 315.5 0.04 53 474 6041 -17.3 -39.3 13 22.0 -20.7 226 34 316.7 316.8 288.0 317.7 0.27 54 400 7280 -28.3 -32.7 66 4.4 -29.0 215 34 318.2 318.3 288.9 320.4 0.61 55 300 9300 -41.1 -62.1 9 21.0 -41.9 220 28 327.4 327.4 291.0 327.6 0.03 56 250 10510 -48.9 -64.9 14 16.0 -49.3 205 34 333.4 333.4 292.6 333.5 0.02 57 216 11462 -52.7 -72.7 7 20.0 -53.0 230 25 341.7 341.7 294.7 341.7 0.01 58 200 11960 -52.3 -76.3 4 24.0 -52.7 225 41 349.9 349.9 296.6 350.0 0.01 59 150 13820 -51.5 -80.5 2 29.0 -52.0 215 32 381.3 381.3 302.5 381.4 0.00 60 100 16410 -57.3 -85.3 2 28.0 -57.7 220 31 417.0 417.0 307.4 417.0 0.00 61 89 17150 -55.5 -84.5 2 29.0 -56.1 220 35 434.7 434.7 309.3 434.8 0.00 62 80 17826 -57.3 -85.3 2 28.0 -57.8 224 21 444.5 444.5 310.3 444.5 0.00 63 77 18068 -56.3 -85.3 1 29.0 -56.9 217 18 451.5 451.5 311.0 451.5 0.00 64 73 18405 -58.5 -86.5 2 28.0 -59.0 195 23 453.8 453.8 311.2 453.8 0.00 65 70 18670 -56.9 -85.9 1 29.0 -57.5 200 19 462.7 462.7 312.0 462.7 0.00 66 68 18854 -56.7 -85.7 1 29.0 -57.3 200 18 466.9 466.9 312.4 467.0 0.00 67 58 19854 -59.9 -86.9 2 27.0 -60.4 191 19 481.4 481.4 313.5 481.5 0.00 68 55 20188 -56.9 -85.9 1 29.0 -57.6 217 22 495.7 495.7 314.7 495.7 0.00 69 50 20790 -57.9 -86.9 1 29.0 -58.6 235 18 507.0 507.0 315.4 507.1 0.00 70 48 21048 -55.7 -85.7 1 30.0 -56.7 219 20 518.2 518.2 316.2 518.3 0.01 71 45 21456 -57.7 -86.7 1 29.0 -58.5 187 10 523.0 523.0 316.5 523.1 0.00 72 43 21743 -56.7 -85.7 1 29.0 -57.7 186 13 532.3 532.3 317.1 532.4 0.01 73 39 22359 -58.3 -86.3 2 28.0 -59.2 197 14 543.4 543.4 317.7 543.4 0.01 74 39 22359 -58.3 -86.3 2 28.0 -59.2 197 14 543.4 543.4 317.7 543.4 0.01 75 39 22359 -58.3 -87.3 1 29.0 -59.2 197 14 543.4 543.4 317.7 543.4 0.00 76 33 23420 -53.3 -84.3 1 31.0 -55.1 246 11 583.2 583.2 319.8 583.3 0.01 77 30 24030 -55.5 -85.5 1 30.0 -57.0 320 7 593.3 593.3 320.3 593.4 0.01 78 29 24246 -55.7 -85.7 1 30.0 -57.2 306 13 598.6 598.6 320.6 598.6 0.01 79 28 24471 -53.5 -84.5 1 31.0 -55.5 302 7 610.7 610.7 321.1 610.8 0.01 80 24 25464 -52.5 -84.5 1 32.0 -54.9 234 11 641.2 641.2 322.3 641.2 0.01 81 22 26025 -53.9 -84.9 1 31.0 -56.2 216 12 653.1 653.1 322.8 653.2 0.01 82 20 26640 -51.5 -84.5 1 33.0 -54.5 280 17 678.5 678.5 323.7 678.7 0.02 83 19 26974 -50.3 -83.3 1 33.0 -53.8 271 23 692.3 692.3 324.2 692.4 0.02 84 18 27327 -50.7 -83.7 1 33.0 -54.2 286 19 701.8 701.8 324.5 702.0 0.02 TRP 216 11462 -52.7 -72.7 7 20.0 -53.0 230 25 341.7 341.7 294.7 341.7 0.01 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5532.00 m Freezing level: 751.11 mb = 2476.49 m = 8124.86 ft Wetbulb zero: 751.17 mb = 2474.84 m = 8119.47 ft Precipitable water: 0.78 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 59.70 % Est. max temperature: 18.99 C = 66.18 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 940.27 mb = 629.92 m = 2066.66 ft T: 12.75 C 700-500 lapse rate: 4.38 C/km ThetaE index: 2.06 C Layer 800.0- 759.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 850.38 mb = 1465.36 m = 4807.56 ft Mean mixing ratio: 7.64 g/kg Conv temperature: 17.86 C = 64.14 F Cap Strength: 3.63 C Lifted Index: 5.64 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 10.15 C Lifted Index @700 mb: -0.66 C Showalter Index: 6.22 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 41.40 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 21.90 C Cross Totals Index: 19.50 C K Index: 23.50 Risk: 20-40 % chance of thunderstorms Sweat Index: 101.00 Risk: None Energy Index: 0.64 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 41.62 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 9.12 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 29.62 J/kg Cap Strength: 5.17 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 877.74 mb = 1203.14 m = 3947.27 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 782.74 mb = 2142.62 m = 7029.52 ft Equ Level (EL): 652.74 mb = 3589.21 m = 11775.46 ft B at Equ Level: 40.93 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 542.74 mb = 5015.22 m = 16453.92 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 250 at 17 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 966 405 340 3 1.0 -2.8 | 60 17 -14.8 -8.7 1 943 610 350 2 0.3 -2.0 | 63 17 -15.5 -7.9 2 925 766 220 2 1.3 1.5 | 73 15 -14.5 -4.3 3 909 914 340 5 1.7 -4.7 | 53 18 -14.1 -10.6 4 876 1219 225 7 4.9 4.9 | 85 11 -10.9 -0.9 5 850 1469 215 7 4.0 5.7 | 89 12 -11.8 -0.1 6 813 1829 220 11 7.1 8.4 | 106 9 -8.8 2.5 7 783 2134 210 18 9.0 15.6 | 145 12 -6.8 9.7 8 754 2438 205 22 9.3 19.9 | 155 16 -6.5 14.1 9 726 2743 215 25 14.3 20.5 | 174 15 -1.5 14.6 10 700 3038 210 24 12.0 20.8 | 166 15 -3.8 14.9 11 699 3048 210 24 12.0 20.8 | 166 15 -3.8 14.9 12 646 3658 215 25 14.3 20.5 | 174 15 -1.5 14.6 13 597 4267 220 32 20.6 24.5 | 194 19 4.7 18.6 14 574 4572 225 30 21.2 21.2 | 199 16 5.4 15.3 15 552 4877 220 34 21.9 26.0 | 197 21 6.0 20.2 16 531 5182 210 34 17.0 29.4 | 183 24 1.2 23.6 17 510 5486 235 26 21.3 14.9 | 211 11 5.5 9.0 18 500 5640 235 27 22.1 15.5 | 213 11 6.3 9.6 19 470 6096 225 35 24.7 24.7 | 205 21 8.9 18.9 20 400 7280 215 34 19.5 27.9 | 189 22 3.7 22.0 21 381 7620 210 35 17.5 30.3 | 184 24 1.7 24.4 22 335 8534 225 29 20.5 20.5 | 198 15 4.7 14.6 23 307 9144 225 29 20.5 20.5 | 198 15 4.7 14.6 24 300 9300 220 28 18.0 21.4 | 188 16 2.2 15.6 25 250 10510 205 34 14.4 30.8 | 177 25 -1.5 24.9 26 244 10668 205 34 14.4 30.8 | 177 25 -1.5 24.9 27 216 11462 230 25 19.2 16.1 | 198 11 3.3 10.2 28 212 11582 230 24 18.4 15.4 | 195 10 2.6 9.5 29 200 11960 225 41 29.0 29.0 | 210 27 13.2 23.1 30 193 12192 225 42 29.7 29.7 | 210 28 13.9 23.8 31 176 12802 255 31 29.9 8.0 | 261 14 14.1 2.1 32 168 13106 240 22 19.1 11.0 | 212 6 3.2 5.1 33 160 13411 215 18 10.3 14.7 | 148 10 -5.5 8.9 34 150 13820 215 32 18.4 26.2 | 187 20 2.5 20.3 35 145 14021 215 32 18.4 26.2 | 187 20 2.5 20.3 36 132 14630 230 34 26.0 21.9 | 213 19 10.2 16.0 37 126 14935 240 26 22.5 13.0 | 223 10 6.7 7.1 38 120 15240 230 30 23.0 19.3 | 208 15 7.1 13.4 39 115 15545 240 24 20.8 12.0 | 219 8 5.0 6.1 40 104 16154 235 34 27.9 19.5 | 221 18 12.0 13.6 41 100 16410 220 31 19.9 23.7 | 193 18 4.1 17.9 42 95 16764 220 31 19.9 23.7 | 193 18 4.1 17.9 43 90 17069 220 37 23.8 28.3 | 199 24 8.0 22.5 44 78 17983 225 18 12.7 12.7 | 156 8 -3.1 6.8 45 74 18288 195 18 4.7 17.4 | 136 16 -11.2 11.5 46 71 18593 195 31 8.0 29.9 | 162 25 -7.8 24.1 47 70 18670 200 19 6.5 17.9 | 142 15 -9.3 12.0 48 64 19202 200 16 5.5 15.0 | 131 14 -10.4 9.2 49 61 19507 160 13 -4.4 12.2 | 107 21 -20.3 6.3 50 56 20117 215 24 13.8 19.7 | 171 14 -2.1 13.8 51 53 20422 225 17 12.0 12.0 | 148 7 -3.8 6.1 52 51 20726 185 10 0.9 10.0 | 105 16 -15.0 4.1 53 50 20790 235 18 14.7 10.3 | 166 5 -1.1 4.4 54 48 21031 220 21 13.5 16.1 | 167 10 -2.3 10.2 55 46 21336 205 8 3.4 7.3 | 96 13 -12.5 1.4 56 44 21641 160 14 -4.8 13.2 | 109 22 -20.6 7.3 57 42 21946 235 10 8.2 5.7 | 89 8 -7.6 -0.1 58 40 22250 195 12 3.1 11.6 | 114 14 -12.7 5.7 59 38 22555 200 18 6.2 16.9 | 139 15 -9.7 11.0 60 36 22860 250 13 12.2 4.4 | 68 4 -3.6 -1.4 61 34 23165 220 11 7.1 8.4 | 106 9 -8.8 2.5 62 33 23470 250 11 10.3 3.8 | 69 6 -5.5 -2.1 63 31 23774 245 13 11.8 5.5 | 85 4 -4.1 -0.4 64 30 24030 320 7 4.5 -5.4 | 45 16 -11.3 -11.2 65 30 24079 295 17 15.4 -7.2 | 2 13 -0.4 -13.1 66 28 24384 315 9 6.4 -6.4 | 38 15 -9.5 -12.2 67 27 24689 270 1 1.0 -0.0 | 68 16 -14.8 -5.9 68 26 24994 225 10 7.1 7.1 | 98 9 -8.8 1.2 69 25 25298 220 12 7.7 9.2 | 112 9 -8.1 3.3 70 23 25603 245 10 9.1 4.2 | 76 7 -6.8 -1.7 71 22 25908 210 10 5.0 8.7 | 104 11 -10.8 2.8 72 21 26213 225 15 10.6 10.6 | 132 7 -5.2 4.7 73 20 26640 280 17 16.7 -3.0 | 354 9 0.9 -8.8 74 19 26822 270 24 24.0 -0.0 | 306 10 8.2 -5.9 75 17 27127 300 14 12.1 -7.0 | 16 13 -3.7 -12.9 76 16 27432 300 15 13.0 -7.5 | 12 14 -2.8 -13.4 77 14 27737 305 15 12.3 -8.6 | 14 15 -3.5 -14.5 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 219.6 at 22.5 knts Storm direction: 249.6 at 16.9 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 0.7 neg: 4.1 tot: 4.8 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 110.9 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 90.7 neg: -26.3 tot: 64.4 m^2/s^2 ave: 21.5 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.48 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 7.8 stream: 3.7 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.02 Bulk Rich Number: 0.58 Bulk Shear: 71.91 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 324 3 61 16| 0.0 1.9 1.9| 11.7 -17.4 -5.7 -11.3 -0.16| 10.2 -1.6 1000 264 4 65 13| 0.0 4.6 4.6| 33.6 -20.0 13.6 13.6 0.23| 11.4 2.7 1500 233 6 79 11| 0.0 5.0 5.0| 47.0 -20.0 27.0 18.0 0.36| 9.7 3.5 2000 219 9 96 10| 0.0 6.1 6.1| 67.5 -20.0 47.4 23.7 0.46| 9.7 4.4 2500 216 12 114 10| 0.8 4.9 5.7| 86.3 -23.1 63.2 25.3 0.49| 8.9 4.4 3000 214 14 126 10| 0.7 4.1 4.8| 90.7 -26.3 64.4 21.5 0.48| 7.8 3.7 4000 216 18 147 10| 1.6 3.1 4.6|123.9 -26.3 97.7 24.4 0.53| 7.0 3.7 5000 217 21 162 11| 1.2 2.8 4.0|153.3 -57.2 96.1 19.2 0.39| 7.8 3.1 6000 220 23 173 12| 1.2 2.7 3.9|160.4 -75.5 85.0 14.2 0.31| 7.9 2.4 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KMFR/skewt/KMFR.skewt.20250930.06.gif