UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025040212.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 2 APR 25 Searching for KMFR... Searching the city database file for: KMFR ... Date:1200Z 2 APR 25 Station: KMFR WMO ident: 72597 Latitude: 42.37 Longitude: -122.87 Elevation: 405.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 137 SFC 969 405 5.6 1.2 73 4.4 3.6 290 3 281.3 282.0 278.3 293.3 4.30 2 925 773 2.4 -0.3 82 2.7 1.2 290 5 281.8 282.5 278.2 293.1 4.04 3 850 1451 -2.7 -3.2 96 0.5 -2.9 320 7 283.3 283.9 278.3 293.4 3.55 4 840 1545 -2.9 -4.9 86 2.0 -3.7 320 10 284.1 284.6 278.2 293.1 3.16 5 799 1938 -6.3 -6.8 96 0.5 -6.5 322 16 284.5 285.0 278.0 292.8 2.87 6 790 2027 -6.7 -8.2 89 1.5 -7.2 328 18 285.0 285.5 277.9 292.6 2.60 7 783 2096 -7.5 -7.9 97 0.4 -7.7 332 18 284.9 285.4 278.0 292.7 2.69 8 780 2126 -7.7 -8.3 95 0.6 -7.9 334 19 285.0 285.5 277.9 292.6 2.62 9 778 2146 -7.3 -9.3 86 2.0 -7.9 335 19 285.6 286.1 278.0 292.7 2.43 10 769 2237 -7.5 -13.5 62 6.0 -9.3 340 18 286.4 286.7 277.4 291.6 1.75 11 743 2504 -8.5 -20.5 37 12.0 -11.4 350 16 288.1 288.3 277.3 291.2 1.01 12 737 2567 -8.7 -19.7 41 11.0 -11.5 350 16 288.6 288.8 277.6 291.9 1.09 13 735 2588 -8.7 -22.7 31 14.0 -11.9 350 16 288.8 288.9 277.3 291.4 0.84 14 704 2921 -9.7 -31.7 15 22.0 -13.6 342 16 291.3 291.3 277.9 292.5 0.38 15 700 2965 -10.1 -32.1 15 22.0 -14.0 340 16 291.3 291.4 277.9 292.5 0.37 16 669 3313 -12.3 -38.3 9 26.0 -16.0 337 18 292.6 292.7 278.3 293.3 0.21 17 666 3347 -12.7 -38.7 9 26.0 -16.4 336 18 292.6 292.6 278.3 293.2 0.20 18 619 3901 -16.7 -44.7 7 28.0 -19.8 331 17 294.2 294.2 278.9 294.6 0.12 19 609 4023 -17.3 -37.3 16 20.0 -20.0 331 18 294.8 294.9 279.4 295.7 0.25 20 593 4222 -18.5 -46.5 7 28.0 -21.3 334 21 295.7 295.7 279.6 296.0 0.10 21 574 4464 -20.3 -47.3 7 27.0 -22.8 338 23 296.4 296.4 279.8 296.7 0.09 22 572 4490 -20.3 -46.3 8 26.0 -22.8 338 23 296.7 296.7 280.0 297.0 0.10 23 559 4660 -21.9 -43.9 12 22.0 -24.1 341 23 296.7 296.7 280.1 297.2 0.14 24 548 4806 -23.3 -38.3 24 15.0 -25.0 344 24 296.7 296.8 280.3 297.6 0.26 25 536 4967 -24.5 -44.5 14 20.0 -26.3 344 25 297.2 297.2 280.3 297.7 0.14 26 532 5022 -25.1 -43.1 17 18.0 -26.8 343 26 297.1 297.1 280.3 297.7 0.16 27 529 5063 -25.3 -33.3 47 8.0 -26.3 342 26 297.4 297.4 280.8 298.8 0.44 28 527 5090 -25.5 -41.5 21 16.0 -27.1 342 27 297.4 297.5 280.5 298.1 0.19 29 525 5118 -25.7 -33.7 47 8.0 -26.7 341 27 297.5 297.6 280.8 298.9 0.42 30 510 5328 -26.9 -39.9 28 13.0 -28.2 347 27 298.5 298.6 281.0 299.3 0.23 31 500 5470 -28.1 -38.1 38 10.0 -29.1 355 25 298.8 298.8 281.2 299.8 0.29 32 494 5556 -28.9 -37.9 42 9.0 -29.8 356 25 298.8 298.9 281.3 299.8 0.30 33 457 6108 -32.9 -49.9 17 17.0 -33.9 355 23 300.6 300.6 281.7 300.9 0.09 34 447 6263 -33.9 -51.9 15 18.0 -34.9 359 24 301.2 301.2 282.0 301.5 0.07 35 410 6861 -38.9 -55.9 15 17.0 -39.6 5 25 302.3 302.3 282.4 302.5 0.05 36 408 6894 -38.5 -56.5 13 18.0 -39.2 4 24 303.2 303.2 282.7 303.4 0.04 37 400 7030 -39.7 -56.7 15 17.0 -40.4 355 29 303.4 303.4 282.8 303.6 0.04 38 396 7099 -40.3 -57.3 15 17.0 -40.9 354 30 303.5 303.5 282.8 303.6 0.04 39 386 7272 -41.7 -48.7 47 7.0 -42.1 351 31 303.9 303.9 283.1 304.3 0.12 40 383 7325 -42.1 -48.1 52 6.0 -42.4 350 32 304.0 304.0 283.2 304.5 0.13 41 377 7431 -42.7 -48.7 52 6.0 -43.0 348 33 304.6 304.6 283.4 305.0 0.12 42 375 7467 -42.9 -49.9 46 7.0 -43.2 348 33 304.8 304.8 283.5 305.2 0.11 43 366 7630 -44.1 -50.1 51 6.0 -44.3 345 35 305.3 305.4 283.7 305.7 0.11 44 362 7704 -44.5 -52.5 41 8.0 -44.8 344 36 305.8 305.8 283.8 306.1 0.08 45 359 7760 -44.7 -49.7 57 5.0 -44.9 344 37 306.2 306.2 284.0 306.6 0.11 46 353 7872 -45.3 -52.3 45 7.0 -45.6 343 39 306.9 306.9 284.2 307.2 0.09 47 350 7929 -45.5 -55.5 32 10.0 -45.8 343 40 307.4 307.4 284.4 307.6 0.06 48 348 7967 -45.3 -58.3 22 13.0 -45.7 342 40 308.1 308.2 284.7 308.3 0.04 49 346 8005 -45.3 -56.3 28 11.0 -45.6 342 41 308.7 308.7 284.9 308.9 0.05 50 345 8025 -45.1 -58.1 22 13.0 -45.5 342 41 309.2 309.2 285.1 309.3 0.04 51 341 8103 -45.3 -67.3 7 22.0 -45.7 341 42 309.9 309.9 285.3 310.0 0.01 52 332 8280 -46.3 -67.3 7 21.0 -46.7 340 45 311.0 311.0 285.7 311.0 0.01 53 321 8504 -46.1 -70.1 5 24.0 -46.6 338 48 314.2 314.2 286.8 314.3 0.01 54 300 8950 -49.5 -60.5 26 11.0 -49.8 335 55 315.6 315.6 287.3 315.7 0.04 55 293 9105 -50.9 -58.9 38 8.0 -51.1 335 55 315.7 315.7 287.4 315.9 0.05 56 279 9423 -53.1 -58.9 49 5.8 -53.2 335 59 317.0 317.0 287.8 317.2 0.05 57 273 9563 -54.1 -58.9 55 4.8 -54.2 335 57 317.5 317.6 288.0 317.7 0.05 58 250 10130 -53.7 -67.7 16 14.0 -53.9 340 56 326.2 326.2 290.6 326.3 0.02 59 200 11570 -51.3 -81.3 2 30.0 -51.7 345 53 351.5 351.5 297.0 351.5 0.00 60 150 13450 -51.9 -82.9 1 31.0 -52.4 325 38 380.6 380.6 302.3 380.7 0.00 61 100 16060 -51.9 -83.9 1 32.0 -52.7 325 28 427.4 427.4 308.6 427.5 0.00 62 96 16326 -50.9 -83.9 1 33.0 -51.8 325 28 434.4 434.4 309.3 434.4 0.00 63 90 16746 -51.7 -83.7 1 32.0 -52.5 311 18 440.9 440.9 310.0 440.9 0.00 64 80 17501 -57.3 -86.3 1 29.0 -57.8 293 12 444.5 444.5 310.3 444.5 0.00 65 75 17912 -55.7 -85.7 1 30.0 -56.3 320 19 456.1 456.1 311.4 456.2 0.00 66 70 18350 -57.3 -86.3 1 29.0 -57.9 310 14 461.8 461.8 312.0 461.8 0.00 67 67 18626 -57.5 -86.5 1 29.0 -58.1 313 14 467.2 467.2 312.4 467.2 0.00 68 64 18917 -55.7 -85.7 1 30.0 -56.5 336 16 477.3 477.3 313.2 477.3 0.00 69 60 19324 -58.9 -86.9 2 28.0 -59.5 348 11 479.0 479.0 313.4 479.1 0.00 70 57 19645 -59.1 -88.1 1 29.0 -59.7 335 10 485.7 485.7 313.9 485.7 0.00 71 57 19645 -57.3 -86.3 1 29.0 -58.0 335 10 489.7 489.7 314.2 489.8 0.00 72 56 19757 -56.9 -86.9 1 30.0 -57.6 338 11 493.1 493.1 314.5 493.2 0.00 73 53 20104 -59.1 -87.1 1 28.0 -59.7 359 1 495.9 495.9 314.7 495.9 0.00 74 50 20470 -57.5 -86.5 1 29.0 -58.3 360 19 508.0 508.0 315.5 508.0 0.00 75 47 20860 -57.3 -86.3 1 29.0 -58.1 17 17 517.5 517.5 316.1 517.6 0.00 76 41 21718 -59.7 -87.7 1 28.0 -60.4 13 14 532.2 532.2 317.1 532.2 0.00 77 35 22708 -59.1 -88.1 1 29.0 -60.0 46 13 558.4 558.4 318.6 558.4 0.00 78 32 23272 -56.9 -86.9 1 30.0 -58.1 42 15 578.7 578.7 319.6 578.8 0.01 79 30 23680 -57.3 -87.3 1 30.0 -58.5 65 12 588.4 588.4 320.0 588.5 0.01 80 26 24582 -58.7 -87.7 1 29.0 -59.9 75 12 609.0 609.0 321.0 609.1 0.01 81 24 25087 -56.3 -87.3 1 31.0 -58.0 84 11 630.1 630.1 321.9 630.2 0.01 82 21 25932 -58.1 -88.1 1 30.0 -59.6 14 2 649.2 649.2 322.7 649.3 0.01 83 20 26240 -56.5 -87.5 1 31.0 -58.4 360 15 663.2 663.2 323.2 663.3 0.01 84 17 27273 -56.9 -87.9 1 31.0 -59.0 37 10 693.5 693.5 324.2 693.6 0.01 85 15 28074 -52.9 -85.9 1 33.0 -56.2 6 10 732.1 732.1 325.4 732.2 0.02 86 15 28074 -50.1 -85.1 1 35.0 -54.3 6 10 741.4 741.4 325.7 741.5 0.02 87 12 29524 -53.1 -85.1 1 32.0 -56.9 10 12 779.6 779.6 326.7 779.8 0.02 88 11 30090 -49.7 -84.7 1 35.0 -55.0 32 9 811.6 811.6 327.5 811.8 0.03 89 10 30720 -45.9 -81.9 1 36.0 -53.2 290 8 848.2 848.2 328.4 848.7 0.05 90 10 30720 -45.1 -82.1 1 37.0 -52.8 290 8 851.2 851.2 328.4 851.7 0.05 91 9.9 30787 -46.3 -82.3 1 36.0 -53.4 289 9 849.2 849.2 328.4 849.6 0.05 92 9.6 30993 -43.5 -81.5 1 38.0 -52.1 287 11 867.2 867.3 328.8 867.8 0.05 93 9.0 31425 -44.7 -81.7 1 37.0 -53.0 283 17 878.8 878.8 329.0 879.3 0.06 94 7.5 32652 -41.9 -80.9 1 39.0 -52.5 270 32 937.2 937.2 330.1 938.0 0.08 95 7.3 32835 -41.5 -80.5 1 39.0 -52.4 268 34 946.1 946.1 330.3 947.0 0.08 96 7.0 33120 -41.7 -80.7 1 39.0 -52.7 265 38 956.7 956.7 330.5 957.6 0.08 97 6.7 33416 -43.3 -81.3 1 38.0 -53.7 962.0 962.1 330.5 962.9 0.08 98 6.5 33620 -42.3 -81.3 1 39.0 -53.4 974.6 974.7 330.8 975.5 0.08 TRP 273 9563 -54.1 -58.9 55 4.8 -54.2 335 57 317.5 317.6 288.0 317.7 0.05 WND 279 9423 -53.1 -58.9 49 5.8 -53.2 335 59 317.0 317.0 287.8 317.2 0.05 Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5333.00 m Freezing level: 889.71 mb = 1092.06 m = 3582.83 ft Wetbulb zero: 903.21 mb = 964.15 m = 3163.17 ft Precipitable water: 0.33 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 43.17 % Est. max temperature: 8.61 C = 47.50 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 905.57 mb = 943.26 m = 3094.63 ft T: 1.12 C 700-500 lapse rate: 7.19 C/km ThetaE index: 1.49 C Layer 769.0- 737.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 869.63 mb = 1267.94 m = 4159.87 ft Mean mixing ratio: 3.99 g/kg Conv temperature: 7.22 C = 44.99 F Cap Strength: 5.72 C Lifted Index: 5.75 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 15.93 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 3.47 C Showalter Index: 5.63 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 50.30 C Risk: Scattered heavy thunderstorms Vertical Totals Index: 25.40 C Cross Totals Index: 24.90 C K Index: 0.20 Risk: None Sweat Index: 65.00 Risk: None Energy Index: 1.32 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 6.08 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 3.49 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 14.78 J/kg Cap Strength: 5.76 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 881.53 mb = 1158.91 m = 3802.16 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): 786.53 mb = 2061.20 m = 6762.39 ft Equ Level (EL): 776.53 mb = 2160.84 m = 7089.28 ft B at Equ Level: 5.09 J/kg Max Parcel Lev (MPL): 756.53 mb = 2363.70 m = 7754.82 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 11 at 13 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 969 405 290 3 2.8 -1.0 | 205 13 5.4 11.9 1 944 610 280 4 3.9 -0.7 | 208 14 6.6 12.3 2 925 773 290 5 4.7 -1.7 | 213 13 7.3 11.2 3 909 914 305 6 4.9 -3.4 | 218 12 7.5 9.5 4 875 1219 290 3 2.8 -1.0 | 205 13 5.4 11.9 5 850 1451 320 7 4.5 -5.4 | 223 10 7.1 7.6 6 842 1524 320 10 6.4 -7.7 | 240 10 9.0 5.3 7 810 1829 315 15 10.6 -10.6 | 260 13 13.2 2.3 8 779 2134 335 19 8.0 -17.2 | 292 11 10.6 -4.3 9 749 2438 350 16 2.8 -15.8 | 297 6 5.4 -2.8 10 720 2743 350 16 2.8 -15.8 | 297 6 5.4 -2.8 11 700 2965 340 16 5.5 -15.0 | 284 8 8.1 -2.1 12 692 3048 345 18 4.7 -17.4 | 301 9 7.3 -4.4 13 664 3353 335 18 7.6 -16.3 | 288 11 10.2 -3.4 14 638 3658 335 18 7.6 -16.3 | 288 11 10.2 -3.4 15 612 3962 330 17 8.5 -14.7 | 279 11 11.1 -1.8 16 588 4267 335 22 9.3 -19.9 | 300 14 11.9 -7.0 17 541 4877 345 24 6.2 -23.2 | 319 14 8.8 -10.2 18 520 5182 340 28 9.6 -26.3 | 318 18 12.2 -13.4 19 500 5470 355 25 2.2 -24.9 | 338 13 4.8 -11.9 20 478 5791 360 26 -0.0 -26.0 | 349 13 2.6 -13.0 21 457 6096 355 23 2.0 -22.9 | 335 11 4.6 -10.0 22 419 6706 10 25 -4.3 -24.6 | 8 12 -1.7 -11.7 23 401 7010 360 24 -0.0 -24.0 | 347 11 2.6 -11.0 24 400 7030 355 29 2.5 -28.9 | 342 17 5.1 -15.9 25 366 7620 345 35 9.1 -33.8 | 331 24 11.7 -20.9 26 300 8950 335 55 23.2 -49.8 | 325 45 25.9 -36.9 27 291 9144 335 55 23.2 -49.8 | 325 45 25.9 -36.9 28 279 9423 335 59 24.9 -53.5 | 326 49 27.6 -40.5 29 278 9449 335 59 24.9 -53.5 | 326 49 27.6 -40.5 30 273 9563 335 57 24.1 -51.7 | 325 47 26.7 -38.7 31 250 10130 340 56 19.2 -52.6 | 331 45 21.8 -39.7 32 200 11570 345 53 13.7 -51.2 | 337 42 16.3 -38.2 33 158 13106 340 38 13.0 -35.7 | 326 28 15.6 -22.8 34 151 13411 325 39 22.4 -31.9 | 307 31 25.0 -19.0 35 150 13450 325 38 21.8 -31.1 | 307 30 24.4 -18.2 36 119 14935 340 33 11.3 -31.0 | 322 23 13.9 -18.1 37 114 15240 335 33 13.9 -29.9 | 316 24 16.6 -17.0 38 103 15850 320 32 20.6 -24.5 | 296 26 23.2 -11.6 39 100 16060 325 28 16.1 -22.9 | 298 21 18.7 -10.0 40 94 16459 325 28 16.1 -22.9 | 298 21 18.7 -10.0 41 85 17069 295 7 6.3 -3.0 | 222 13 9.0 10.0 42 81 17374 285 10 9.7 -2.6 | 230 16 12.3 10.4 43 74 17983 325 20 11.5 -16.4 | 284 15 14.1 -3.4 44 71 18288 320 15 9.6 -11.5 | 263 12 12.3 1.5 45 70 18350 310 14 10.7 -9.0 | 253 14 13.3 4.0 46 67 18593 310 14 10.7 -9.0 | 253 14 13.3 4.0 47 64 18898 335 16 6.8 -14.5 | 279 10 9.4 -1.5 48 61 19202 360 11 -0.0 -11.0 | 233 3 2.6 2.0 49 58 19507 330 10 5.0 -8.7 | 241 9 7.6 4.3 50 56 19812 340 11 3.8 -10.3 | 248 7 6.4 2.6 51 53 20117 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 191 13 2.6 13.0 52 50 20422 315 10 7.1 -7.1 | 239 11 9.7 5.9 53 50 20470 360 19 -0.0 -19.0 | 337 7 2.6 -6.0 54 48 20726 10 19 -3.3 -18.7 | 7 6 -0.7 -5.8 55 46 21031 25 15 -6.3 -13.6 | 80 4 -3.7 -0.6 56 44 21336 360 11 -0.0 -11.0 | 233 3 2.6 2.0 57 40 21946 20 15 -5.1 -14.1 | 66 3 -2.5 -1.1 58 38 22250 50 11 -8.4 -7.1 | 135 8 -5.8 5.9 59 31 23470 40 16 -10.3 -12.3 | 95 8 -7.7 0.7 60 30 23680 65 12 -10.9 -5.1 | 134 11 -8.3 7.9 61 30 23774 55 10 -8.2 -5.7 | 142 9 -5.6 7.2 62 28 24079 65 11 -10.0 -4.6 | 138 11 -7.4 8.3 63 27 24384 65 13 -11.8 -5.5 | 129 12 -9.2 7.5 64 26 24689 80 12 -11.8 -2.1 | 140 14 -9.2 10.9 65 24 24994 75 10 -9.7 -2.6 | 146 13 -7.0 10.4 66 23 25298 105 12 -11.6 3.1 | 151 18 -9.0 16.1 67 22 25603 105 10 -9.7 2.6 | 156 17 -7.0 15.5 68 21 25908 15 1 -0.3 -1.0 | 191 12 2.4 12.0 69 20 26240 360 15 -0.0 -15.0 | 308 3 2.6 -2.0 70 19 26518 355 10 0.9 -10.0 | 229 5 3.5 3.0 71 18 26822 10 15 -2.6 -14.8 | 360 2 0.0 -1.8 72 17 27127 40 11 -7.1 -8.4 | 136 6 -4.5 4.5 73 17 27432 35 10 -5.7 -8.2 | 147 6 -3.1 4.8 74 14 28346 355 10 0.9 -10.0 | 229 5 3.5 3.0 75 14 28651 5 17 -1.5 -16.9 | 344 4 1.1 -4.0 76 13 28956 350 15 2.6 -14.8 | 289 6 5.2 -1.8 77 13 29261 10 13 -2.3 -12.8 | 247 0 0.4 0.2 78 12 29566 10 12 -2.1 -11.8 | 205 1 0.5 1.1 79 11 29870 70 10 -9.4 -3.4 | 145 12 -6.8 9.5 80 10 30720 290 8 7.5 -2.7 | 225 14 10.1 10.2 81 7 33120 265 38 37.9 3.3 | 248 44 40.5 16.3 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 341.4 at 17.6 knts Storm direction: 11.4 at 13.2 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 2.6 neg: 0.7 tot: 3.3 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 83.7 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 72.1 neg: -16.4 tot: 55.7 m^2/s^2 ave: 18.6 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.46 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 6.6 stream: 3.0 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.00 Bulk Rich Number: 0.19 Bulk Shear: 31.22 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 289 4 210 13| 3.2 0.0 3.2| 11.1 0.0 11.1 22.1 0.78| 4.2 3.2 1000 296 4 211 13| 1.9 0.0 1.9| 20.8 -9.6 11.2 11.2 0.31| 5.5 1.7 1500 309 7 223 12| 4.6 0.0 4.6| 49.6 -9.6 40.1 26.7 0.61| 7.2 4.4 2000 321 10 238 10| 3.9 0.0 3.9| 68.5 -9.6 58.9 29.4 0.61| 8.0 4.9 2500 329 11 247 9| 3.1 0.3 3.4| 68.5 -11.7 56.8 22.7 0.53| 7.0 3.7 3000 332 12 255 9| 2.6 0.7 3.3| 72.1 -16.4 55.7 18.6 0.46| 6.6 3.0 4000 333 14 266 9| 2.7 0.7 3.3| 89.8 -20.5 69.3 17.3 0.47| 5.9 2.8 5000 336 16 281 9| 2.6 0.5 3.2|119.4 -21.6 97.8 19.6 0.49| 6.0 3.0 6000 341 18 294 9| 2.2 0.4 2.6|140.9 -30.0 110.9 18.5 0.48| 5.9 2.8 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KMFR/skewt/KMFR.skewt.20250402.12.gif