UPPER AIR CALCULATIONS AND PLOTTING (Ver 5.52-LINUX-X11) Current filename: /home/data/upa/2025022812.upa.cvt Date: 1200Z 28 FEB 25 Searching for KMFR... Searching the city database file for: KMFR ... Date:1200Z 28 FEB 25 Station: KMFR WMO ident: 72597 Latitude: 42.37 Longitude: -122.87 Elevation: 405.00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- LEV PRES HGHT TEMP DEWP RH DD WETB DIR SPD THETA THE-V THE-W THE-E W mb m C C % C C deg knt K K K K g/kg ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0 1000 179 SFC 974 405 3.8 1.0 82 2.8 2.5 0 0 279.0 279.8 277.0 290.7 4.22 2 973 413 5.2 2.4 82 2.8 3.9 0 0 280.5 281.3 278.4 293.5 4.67 3 968 455 7.2 2.7 73 4.5 5.1 0 0 283.0 283.8 279.7 296.4 4.80 4 965 480 7.0 3.5 78 3.5 5.3 0 1 283.0 283.9 280.1 297.2 5.10 5 961 513 6.8 2.8 76 4.0 4.9 0 1 283.2 284.0 279.9 296.8 4.87 6 954 572 8.0 1.0 61 7.0 4.7 0 2 285.0 285.7 280.1 297.1 4.31 7 947 632 8.2 1.2 61 7.0 4.9 360 2 285.8 286.5 280.6 298.3 4.40 8 943 666 8.2 1.2 61 7.0 4.9 360 1 286.1 286.9 280.7 298.7 4.42 9 939 701 8.8 -0.2 53 9.0 4.6 360 1 287.1 287.8 280.7 298.5 4.01 10 925 823 10.4 0.4 50 10.0 5.6 0 0 289.9 290.7 282.3 302.2 4.25 11 917 895 10.6 3.6 62 7.0 7.0 52 1 290.9 291.8 284.0 306.4 5.40 12 915 914 11.2 0.2 47 11.0 5.9 65 1 291.7 292.4 283.0 304.0 4.24 13 906 996 11.4 1.4 50 10.0 6.4 85 3 292.7 293.5 283.9 306.3 4.67 14 886 1183 12.8 -2.2 35 15.0 5.6 131 7 296.0 296.7 284.2 307.0 3.67 15 878 1259 12.4 -5.6 28 18.0 4.4 142 8 296.4 296.9 283.4 305.0 2.86 16 870 1336 13.4 -6.6 24 20.0 4.6 146 8 298.2 298.7 284.0 306.4 2.68 17 850 1532 13.6 -9.4 19 23.0 3.9 155 8 300.4 300.8 284.2 307.2 2.20 18 763 2428 6.2 -17.8 16 24.0 -1.9 291 3 301.8 302.0 283.7 305.8 1.23 19 735 2733 4.6 -24.4 10 29.0 -3.8 167 1 303.3 303.4 283.7 305.7 0.72 20 700 3128 1.8 -24.2 12 26.0 -5.6 220 1 304.5 304.6 284.2 307.0 0.77 21 680 3360 0.4 -26.6 11 27.0 -6.8 235 5 305.4 305.6 284.4 307.6 0.64 22 657 3635 -0.3 -40.3 3 40.0 -8.2 253 9 307.7 307.7 284.7 308.3 0.17 23 625 4031 -3.7 -41.7 3 38.0 -10.6 263 13 308.2 308.2 284.8 308.8 0.16 24 580 4616 -7.1 -42.1 4 35.0 -13.0 230 17 310.9 310.9 285.8 311.5 0.16 25 500 5750 -16.9 -40.9 11 24.0 -20.3 195 29 312.4 312.5 286.5 313.2 0.21 26 494 5841 -17.9 -39.9 13 22.0 -21.1 195 29 312.3 312.3 286.5 313.2 0.24 27 476 6119 -19.7 -52.7 4 33.0 -22.9 195 29 313.4 313.4 286.6 313.6 0.06 28 463 6325 -21.1 -49.1 6 28.0 -24.0 193 28 314.1 314.2 286.9 314.5 0.09 29 459 6389 -21.7 -39.7 18 18.0 -24.1 193 28 314.2 314.2 287.1 315.1 0.26 30 454 6470 -22.5 -49.5 7 27.0 -25.1 192 28 314.2 314.2 286.9 314.5 0.09 31 447 6584 -23.3 -42.3 16 19.0 -25.5 191 28 314.6 314.6 287.2 315.3 0.21 32 438 6733 -24.7 -44.7 14 20.0 -26.8 190 27 314.6 314.6 287.2 315.2 0.16 33 436 6767 -24.9 -39.9 23 15.0 -26.8 190 27 314.8 314.8 287.3 315.8 0.27 34 434 6800 -25.1 -43.1 17 18.0 -27.1 189 27 314.9 315.0 287.3 315.7 0.20 35 429 6885 -25.9 -42.9 19 17.0 -27.8 189 27 315.0 315.0 287.3 315.7 0.20 36 427 6919 -25.9 -51.9 7 26.0 -28.0 188 27 315.4 315.4 287.3 315.7 0.07 37 415 7125 -27.7 -46.7 15 19.0 -29.5 187 26 315.6 315.7 287.5 316.2 0.14 38 414 7142 -27.7 -38.7 34 11.0 -29.0 186 26 315.9 315.9 287.8 317.0 0.32 39 400 7390 -29.3 -41.3 30 12.0 -30.6 190 24 316.9 317.0 288.1 317.8 0.26 40 386 7643 -30.5 -46.5 19 16.0 -31.9 195 19 318.6 318.6 288.5 319.2 0.15 41 381 7735 -31.1 -43.1 30 12.0 -32.3 198 18 319.0 319.0 288.7 319.8 0.22 42 370 7941 -32.3 -47.3 21 15.0 -33.5 203 16 320.1 320.1 288.9 320.6 0.14 43 357 8191 -34.7 -45.7 32 11.0 -35.5 209 14 320.1 320.2 289.0 320.8 0.18 44 351 8309 -35.1 -49.1 23 14.0 -36.1 215 14 321.2 321.2 289.2 321.6 0.12 45 315 9051 -41.1 -49.1 42 8.0 -41.6 272 8 322.9 322.9 289.8 323.4 0.14 46 313 9094 -41.1 -50.1 37 9.0 -41.6 276 7 323.5 323.5 290.0 324.0 0.12 47 300 9380 -43.5 -49.5 51 6.0 -43.8 225 5 324.0 324.1 290.2 324.6 0.14 48 299 9402 -43.7 -49.7 51 6.0 -44.0 233 4 324.1 324.1 290.2 324.6 0.14 49 296 9470 -43.7 -53.7 32 10.0 -44.2 253 3 325.0 325.0 290.4 325.4 0.09 50 291 9584 -44.1 -57.1 22 13.0 -44.6 267 5 326.0 326.0 290.6 326.3 0.06 51 254 10478 -52.3 -58.3 48 6.0 -52.5 21 7 326.8 326.8 290.9 327.1 0.06 52 250 10580 -52.9 -58.9 48 6.0 -53.1 45 4 327.4 327.4 291.0 327.6 0.05 53 235 10977 -55.9 -60.9 53 5.0 -56.0 92 2 328.7 328.7 291.4 328.9 0.04 54 228 11170 -56.9 -62.9 47 6.0 -57.0 195 5 330.1 330.1 291.7 330.2 0.04 55 227 11198 -56.7 -63.7 41 7.0 -56.8 205 5 330.8 330.8 292.0 330.9 0.03 56 200 12010 -52.7 -76.7 4 24.0 -53.1 20 17 349.3 349.3 296.5 349.3 0.01 57 150 13880 -52.1 -84.1 1 32.0 -52.6 350 35 380.3 380.3 302.3 380.3 0.00 58 100 16470 -59.1 -87.1 1 28.0 -59.5 350 17 413.5 413.5 306.9 413.5 0.00 59 90 17126 -61.5 -87.5 2 26.0 -61.8 329 13 421.4 421.4 307.9 421.4 0.00 60 82 17706 -59.5 -87.5 1 28.0 -59.9 314 25 436.9 436.9 309.6 436.9 0.00 61 78 18017 -61.1 -88.1 2 27.0 -61.4 352 16 439.8 439.8 309.8 439.9 0.00 62 70 18690 -60.5 -88.5 1 28.0 -60.9 190 6 455.0 455.0 311.3 455.0 0.00 63 68 18871 -59.9 -87.9 1 28.0 -60.3 339 1 460.0 460.0 311.8 460.0 0.00 64 62 19446 -61.3 -88.3 2 27.0 -61.7 243 10 469.3 469.3 312.5 469.3 0.00 65 55 20198 -56.9 -87.9 1 31.0 -57.6 5 13 495.7 495.7 314.7 495.7 0.00 66 52 20552 -58.1 -88.1 1 30.0 -58.8 62 16 500.9 500.9 315.0 500.9 0.00 67 50 20800 -56.7 -86.7 1 30.0 -57.5 40 12 509.9 509.9 315.7 509.9 0.00 68 39 22379 -54.1 -86.1 1 32.0 -55.5 105 14 554.0 554.0 318.3 554.0 0.01 69 38 22546 -54.1 -86.1 1 32.0 -55.5 115 13 558.1 558.1 318.5 558.2 0.01 70 35 23070 -55.5 -86.5 1 31.0 -56.8 87 11 567.7 567.7 319.0 567.8 0.01 71 31 23848 -51.9 -85.9 1 34.0 -54.0 52 17 597.5 597.5 320.5 597.6 0.01 72 30 24060 -52.3 -85.3 1 33.0 -54.4 70 27 602.1 602.1 320.7 602.1 0.01 73 26 24981 -54.1 -86.1 1 32.0 -56.1 80 29 622.1 622.1 321.6 622.2 0.01 74 24 25496 -52.3 -85.3 1 33.0 -54.8 79 27 641.7 641.7 322.4 641.8 0.01 75 21 26356 -53.9 -86.9 1 33.0 -56.3 55 30 661.9 661.9 323.2 662.0 0.01 76 20 26670 -52.3 -86.3 1 34.0 -55.2 65 29 676.1 676.1 323.6 676.2 0.01 77 17 27730 -49.9 -84.9 1 35.0 -53.8 80 28 716.0 716.0 324.9 716.1 0.02 78 15 28546 -51.7 -85.7 1 34.0 -55.4 77 28 736.1 736.1 325.6 736.2 0.02 79 13 29483 -48.7 -84.7 1 36.0 -53.8 90 26 777.2 777.2 326.7 777.4 0.02 80 12 30009 -49.3 -84.3 1 35.0 -54.5 85 38 793.1 793.1 327.1 793.3 0.03 81 10 31210 -47.9 -83.9 1 36.0 -54.3 85 41 840.7 840.8 328.2 841.1 0.03 82 9.9 31276 -48.3 -84.3 1 36.0 -54.5 84 41 841.7 841.7 328.2 842.0 0.03 83 8.6 32202 -47.3 -84.3 1 37.0 -54.5 72 46 880.1 880.2 329.0 880.5 0.04 84 8.1 32595 -48.9 -84.9 1 36.0 -55.6 67 48 889.0 889.0 329.2 889.4 0.04 85 7.1 33474 -40.9 -81.9 0 41.0 -52.4 56 53 956.1 956.1 330.5 956.8 0.07 86 7.0 33570 -41.3 -82.3 0 41.0 -52.6 55 53 958.3 958.4 330.5 959.0 0.07 87 6.9 33668 -41.5 -81.5 1 40.0 -52.7 961.4 961.5 330.5 962.3 0.08 TRP 228 11170 -56.9 -62.9 47 6.0 -57.0 195 5 330.1 330.1 291.7 330.2 0.04 WND Sounding variables and indices 1000-500 mb thick: 5571.00 m Freezing level: 666.86 mb = 3517.52 m = 11540.27 ft Wetbulb zero: 791.70 mb = 2121.36 m = 6959.76 ft Precipitable water: 0.31 inches Sfc-500 mean rel hum: 17.10 % Est. max temperature: 25.42 C = 77.75 F Sfc-Lift cond lev (LCL): 932.72 mb = 755.32 m = 2478.04 ft T: 9.51 C 700-500 lapse rate: 7.13 C/km ThetaE index: 2.41 C Layer 915.0- 906.0 mb Conv cond level (CCL): 602.32 mb = 4320.61 m = 14175.05 ft Mean mixing ratio: 4.26 g/kg Conv temperature: 34.07 C = 93.33 F Cap Strength: 11.57 C Lifted Index: 10.62 C Risk: None Lifted Index @300 mb: 15.66 C Lifted Index @700 mb: 10.04 C Showalter Index: 7.16 C Risk: None Total Totals Index: 38.00 C Risk: None Vertical Totals Index: 30.50 C Cross Totals Index: 7.50 C K Index: -4.90 Risk: None Sweat Index: 45.00 Risk: None Energy Index: 1.33 Risk: None Parcel Indices Parcel: using 100 mb layer CAPE (B+): 62.55 J/kg Max Up Vert Vel: 11.18 m/s Conv Inhibition (B-): 57443.17 J/kg Cap Strength: 11.52 C Lift Cond Lev (LCL): 795.97 mb = 2076.82 m = 6813.63 ft Lev Free Conv (LFC): -1.00 mb = -9999.00 m = -9999.00 ft Wind level data Storm motion: 243 at 9 knt ---------------------------------------------------------- TRUE/GROUND REL | STORM REL LEV P H DIR SPD U V | DIR SPD U V mb m knt m/s | knt m/s ---------------------------------------------------------- 0 974 405 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 63 9 -8.2 -4.3 1 950 610 360 2 -0.0 -2.0 | 53 10 -8.2 -6.3 2 925 823 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 63 9 -8.2 -4.3 3 915 914 65 1 -0.9 -0.4 | 63 10 -9.1 -4.7 4 882 1219 140 8 -5.1 6.1 | 98 13 -13.3 1.9 5 850 1532 155 8 -3.4 7.3 | 104 12 -11.6 3.0 6 820 1829 135 5 -3.5 3.5 | 86 12 -11.7 -0.7 7 790 2134 305 1 0.8 -0.6 | 57 9 -7.4 -4.8 8 761 2438 290 3 2.8 -1.0 | 46 8 -5.4 -5.3 9 734 2743 160 1 -0.3 0.9 | 69 9 -8.5 -3.3 10 700 3128 220 1 0.6 0.8 | 65 8 -7.6 -3.5 11 654 3658 255 10 9.7 2.6 | 319 2 1.5 -1.7 12 629 3962 265 13 13.0 1.1 | 303 6 4.7 -3.1 13 605 4267 250 14 13.2 4.8 | 264 5 5.0 0.5 14 582 4572 230 17 13.0 10.9 | 216 8 4.8 6.7 15 559 4877 230 24 18.4 15.4 | 222 15 10.2 11.2 16 500 5750 195 29 7.5 28.0 | 178 24 -0.7 23.8 17 477 6096 195 29 7.5 28.0 | 178 24 -0.7 23.8 18 404 7315 185 26 2.3 25.9 | 165 22 -5.9 21.6 19 400 7390 190 24 4.2 23.6 | 168 20 -4.0 19.4 20 387 7620 195 19 4.9 18.4 | 167 14 -3.3 14.1 21 354 8230 210 14 7.0 12.1 | 171 8 -1.2 7.9 22 310 9144 280 7 6.9 -1.2 | 13 6 -1.3 -5.5 23 300 9380 225 5 3.5 3.5 | 81 5 -4.7 -0.7 24 297 9449 250 3 2.8 1.0 | 59 6 -5.4 -3.2 25 271 10058 330 10 5.0 -8.7 | 14 13 -3.2 -12.9 26 258 10363 355 10 0.9 -10.0 | 27 16 -7.3 -14.2 27 250 10580 45 4 -2.8 -2.8 | 57 13 -11.0 -7.1 28 235 10973 90 2 -2.0 0.0 | 67 11 -10.2 -4.3 29 228 11170 195 5 1.3 4.8 | 95 7 -6.9 0.6 30 214 11582 340 12 4.1 -11.3 | 15 16 -4.1 -15.5 31 204 11887 20 10 -3.4 -9.4 | 40 18 -11.6 -13.7 32 200 12010 20 17 -5.8 -16.0 | 35 25 -14.0 -20.2 33 194 12192 10 16 -2.8 -15.8 | 29 23 -11.0 -20.0 34 186 12497 360 18 -0.0 -18.0 | 20 24 -8.2 -22.3 35 161 13411 20 24 -8.2 -22.6 | 31 31 -16.4 -26.8 36 150 13880 350 35 6.1 -34.5 | 3 39 -2.1 -38.7 37 147 14021 350 35 6.1 -34.5 | 3 39 -2.1 -38.7 38 127 14935 10 17 -3.0 -16.7 | 28 24 -11.2 -21.0 39 121 15240 355 16 1.4 -15.9 | 19 21 -6.8 -20.2 40 116 15545 340 21 7.2 -19.7 | 2 24 -1.0 -24.0 41 110 15850 360 15 -0.0 -15.0 | 23 21 -8.2 -19.3 42 105 16154 330 18 9.0 -15.6 | 358 20 0.8 -19.8 43 100 16470 350 17 3.0 -16.7 | 14 22 -5.3 -21.0 44 95 16764 350 17 3.0 -16.7 | 14 22 -5.3 -21.0 45 91 17069 335 12 5.1 -10.9 | 12 15 -3.1 -15.1 46 86 17374 305 16 13.1 -9.2 | 340 14 4.9 -13.4 47 82 17678 310 26 19.9 -16.7 | 331 24 11.7 -21.0 48 78 17983 350 17 3.0 -16.7 | 14 22 -5.3 -21.0 49 75 18288 5 5 -0.4 -5.0 | 43 13 -8.6 -9.2 50 71 18593 320 10 6.4 -7.7 | 8 12 -1.8 -11.9 51 70 18690 190 6 1.0 5.9 | 103 7 -7.2 1.7 52 68 18898 0 0 -0.0 -0.0 | 63 9 -8.2 -4.3 53 65 19202 205 10 4.2 9.1 | 140 6 -4.0 4.8 54 56 20117 345 10 2.6 -9.7 | 22 15 -5.6 -13.9 55 53 20422 55 19 -15.6 -10.9 | 57 28 -23.8 -15.2 56 51 20726 70 12 -11.3 -4.1 | 67 21 -19.5 -8.4 57 50 20800 40 12 -7.7 -9.2 | 50 21 -15.9 -13.5 58 48 21031 60 16 -13.9 -8.0 | 61 25 -22.1 -12.3 59 46 21336 360 9 -0.0 -9.0 | 32 16 -8.2 -13.3 60 44 21641 60 21 -18.2 -10.5 | 61 30 -26.4 -14.8 61 38 22555 115 13 -11.8 5.5 | 94 20 -20.0 1.2 62 36 22860 130 5 -3.8 3.2 | 85 12 -12.0 -1.0 63 35 23165 70 14 -13.2 -4.8 | 67 23 -21.4 -9.0 64 33 23470 85 13 -13.0 -1.1 | 76 22 -21.2 -5.4 65 31 23774 45 13 -9.2 -9.2 | 52 22 -17.4 -13.5 66 30 24060 70 27 -25.4 -9.2 | 68 36 -33.6 -13.5 67 29 24384 65 27 -24.5 -11.4 | 64 36 -32.7 -15.7 68 27 24689 75 29 -28.0 -7.5 | 72 38 -36.2 -11.8 69 25 25298 85 29 -28.9 -2.5 | 80 38 -37.1 -6.8 70 24 25603 75 26 -25.1 -6.7 | 72 35 -33.3 -11.0 71 23 25908 40 24 -15.4 -18.4 | 46 33 -23.6 -22.6 72 21 26213 50 31 -23.7 -19.9 | 53 40 -32.0 -24.2 73 20 26670 65 29 -26.3 -12.3 | 64 38 -34.5 -16.5 74 18 27432 70 28 -26.3 -9.6 | 68 37 -34.5 -13.8 75 16 28042 90 28 -28.0 0.0 | 83 36 -36.2 -4.3 76 15 28651 75 28 -27.0 -7.2 | 72 37 -35.3 -11.5 77 13 29261 75 28 -27.0 -7.2 | 72 37 -35.3 -11.5 78 13 29566 95 26 -25.9 2.3 | 87 34 -34.1 -2.0 79 12 29870 75 38 -36.7 -9.8 | 73 47 -44.9 -14.1 80 12 30175 95 38 -37.9 3.3 | 89 46 -46.1 -0.9 81 10 31210 85 41 -40.8 -3.6 | 81 50 -49.0 -7.8 82 7 33570 55 53 -43.4 -30.4 | 56 62 -51.6 -34.7 Wind Parameters Mean winds (0-6000m): 212.6 at 12.3 knts Storm direction: 242.6 at 9.2 knts Shear (0-3000m) pos: 1.3 neg: 0.6 tot: 1.8 10-3/s Storm rel Dir Shear (0-3000m): 6.8 deg Storm rel helicity (0-3000m) pos: 42.6 neg: -27.5 tot: 15.1 m^2/s^2 ave: 5.0 10^-3 m/s^2 rel: 0.08 Storm rel vorticity (0-3000m) horiz: 6.9 stream: 0.6 10^-3/s Energy-Hel index: 0.01 Bulk Rich Number: 2.74 Bulk Shear: 22.82 m/s Storm Parameters ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Depth Mean Inflow| Shear | Helicity | Vorticity AGL Dir Spd Dir Spd| Pos Neg Tot| Pos Neg Tot Ave Rel | Hor Strm m knt knt| 10^-3/s | m^2/s^2 m/s^2 | 10^-3/s ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 500 4 1 58 10| 0.9 0.0 0.9| 4.1 -4.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.01| 4.7 -0.1 1000 132 3 79 11| 4.1 0.0 4.1| 34.1 -4.2 29.9 29.9 0.58| 7.8 4.5 1500 142 4 86 11| 1.4 0.0 1.4| 35.7 -14.9 20.8 13.9 0.26| 7.8 2.0 2000 143 4 83 11| 0.7 0.0 0.7| 35.7 -25.8 9.9 5.0 0.01| 7.7 0.1 2500 148 3 82 10| 0.6 0.7 1.2| 41.4 -26.5 14.9 6.0 0.09| 7.2 0.6 3000 160 3 82 9| 1.3 0.6 1.8| 42.6 -27.5 15.1 5.0 0.08| 6.9 0.6 4000 231 5 78 4| 1.9 1.0 3.0| 42.6 -38.1 4.5 1.1 -0.13| 7.1 -0.9 5000 227 9 136 3| 1.5 2.5 4.0| 45.0 -81.8 -36.8 -7.4 -0.23| 7.7 -1.8 6000 213 12 166 6| 1.3 2.5 3.8| 45.0-125.2 -80.2 -13.4 -0.30| 7.1 -2.1 Wrote GIF file: /home/apache/climate/data/raob//KMFR/skewt/KMFR.skewt.20250228.12.gif